* 1796 – George N. Briggs, American politician, 19th Governor of Massachusetts ( d. 1861 )

Sir Charles FitzRoy ( Governor of New South Wales from 1846 – 1855 ) and Sir William Denison ( Governor of New South Wales from 1855 – 1861 ) also carried the additional title of Governor-General because their jurisdiction extended to other colonies in Australia.

Between 1850 and 1861, the Governor of New South Wales was titled Governor-General in an early attempt at federalism imposed by Earl Grey.

Between 1850 and 1861, the Governor of New South Wales was titled Governor-General of New South Wales, in an attempt to form a federal structure.

* 1861 – Edward Clark became Governor of Texas, replacing Sam Houston, who has been evicted from the office for refusing to take an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy.

With the aid of his advocate in Washington, DC, Elihu B. Washburne, Grant was promoted to Colonel by Governor Richard Yates on June 14, 1861, and put in charge of the unruly Twenty-first Illinois volunteer regiment.

* May 12 – John Martin Poyer, United States Navy Commander and the 12th Governor of American Samoa ( b. 1861 )

Sir George Grey, the Governor of Cape Colony from 1854 to 1861, decided that unifying the states of southern Africa would be mutually beneficial.

He was a delegate to the Peace conference of 1861 in Washington, and in 1866 was appointed by the Governor of New Jersey, as a Republican, to fill a vacancy in the United States Senate.

In order that the Yusupov name might not die out, the prince's father, Count Felix Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston ( October 5, 1856, Saint Petersburg – June 10, 1928, Rome, Italy ), General Governor of Moscow ( 1914 – 1915 ) ( son of Count Felix Nikolaievich Sumarokov-Elston ), took the surname of his wife, Princess Zenaida Nikolaievna Yusupova ( September 2, 1861, Saint Petersburg – November 24, 1939, Paris ) upon their marriage, on April 4, 1882 in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

* William Denison ( 1804 – 1871 ), Lieutenant Governor of Van Diemen's Land, 1847 – 1855, and Governor of New South Wales, 1855 – 1861

Robert Williamson Steele, Governor of the Provisional Government of the Territory of Jefferson from 1859 to 1861, built his home in the county at Mount Vernon and later at Apex.

During the Civil War, David Pierson, a young attorney, was elected to represent the parish at the Secession Convention called in January 1861 in Baton Rouge by Governor Thomas Overton Moore.

Arriving in Charleston on March 3, 1861, Beauregard met with Governor Pickens and inspected the defenses of the harbor, which he found to be in disarray.

Ohio Governor William Dennison was the most persistent, so McClellan was commissioned a major general of volunteers and took command of the Ohio militia on April 23, 1861.

With the coming Civil War in 1861, Nicola Marschall was approached in February by Mary Clay Lockett, wife of prominent attorney Napoleon Lockett of Marion, and her daughter, Fannie Lockett Moore, daughter-in-law of Alabama Governor Andrew B. Moore of Marion, to design a flag for the new Confederacy.

Crawfordville was the birthplace and home of Alexander H. Stephens, who served as a U. S. Congressman, Governor of Georgia, and most notably as Vice President of the Confedrate States of America, 1861 – 1865.

The township was first organized in 1861 and named after Moses Wisner, Governor of Michigan from 1859 – 1861.

At a distance of only two counties away, Arkansas had already become the ninth state to secede, and on October 28, 1861 Governor Claiborne Fox Jackson met with the Missouri General Assembly in Neosho and declared Missouri as the twelfth state to join the Confederate States of America.

* James Pollock ( September 11, 1810-April 19, 1890 )-Congressman ( 1844 – 1849 ); Governor of Pennsylvania ( 1855 – 1858 ); Director of the Philadelphia Mint ( 1861 – 1866 and 1869 – 1873 ); buried in Milton Cemetery.

" He delivered a farewell address in the Senate ( January 7, 1861 ) in which he said: “ We want no negro equality, no negro citizenship ; we want no negro race to degrade our own ; and as one man would meet you upon the border with the sword in one hand and the torch in the other .” He returned to Georgia, and with Governor Joseph E. Brown led the fight for secession against Stephens and Herschel V. Johnson ( 1812 – 1880 ).

Meade was promoted from captain to brigadier general of volunteers on August 31, 1861, a few months after the start of the Civil War, based on the strong recommendation of Pennsylvania Governor Andrew Curtin.

From Oxford, Bowen went to London, where he was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1861, and while studying law he wrote regularly for the Saturday Review, and also later for The Spectator.

They met on 11 April 1861 at Port Denison and founded the town of Bowen on the next day, 13 April 1861.

The first Baptist missionary in Brazil appears to have been Thomas Jefferson Bowen, who served there for the Southern Baptist Convention from 1859 to 1861.

After a Republican victory, but before the new administration took office on March 4, 1861, seven cotton states declared their secession and joined to form the Confederate States of America.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Richmond, Virginia is declared the new capital of the Confederate States of America.

When Virginia declared its secession from the Union in April 1861, Lee chose to follow his home state, despite his personal desire for the Union to stay intact and despite the fact that President Abraham Lincoln had offered Lee command of the Union Army.

Feeling pressured by the Northern states, Alabama declared its secession in January 1861 and joined the Confederate States of America in February.

It declared its secession from the Union on January 21, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate states.

In August 1861, Maj. Gen. John C. Frémont, Union commander of the Western Department, declared martial law in Missouri, confiscated Confederate property, and emancipated their slaves.

Prominent examples include Empress Dowager Cixi, mother of the Tongzhi Emperor ( 1861 – 1874 ), and aunt and adoptive mother of the Guangxu Emperor ( 1874 – 1908 ), who ruled China for 47 years ( 1861 – 1908 ), Empress Wu Zetian ( who ultimately declared herself Empress, and was subsequently overthrown ) and the Empress Dowager Lü of the Han Dynasty.

The Papal States were reduced to Latium, the immediate neighbourhood of Rome, which was declared Capital of Italy in March 1861, when the first Italian Parliament met in the Piedmontese kingdom's old capital, Turin.

On March 17, 1861, the Parliament proclaimed Victor Emmanuel II King of Italy, and on March 27, 1861 Rome was declared Capital of Italy, even though it was not actually in the new Kingdom.

He was declared a traitor by the United States Senate on December 2, 1861 and was expelled by resolution on December 4, 1861, for supporting the South ; ten Southern Senators had been expelled earlier the same year.

In some speeches at Munich in 1861 he outspokenly declared his view that the maintenance of the Roman Catholic Church did not depend on the temporal sovereignty of the pope.

On February 8, 1861, delegates from the seven Deep South states which had already declared their secession from the United States of America adopted the Provisional Constitution of the Confederate States of America.

On 15 April 1861, the flag of Sardinia was declared the flag of the newly formed Kingdom of Italy.

In 1861, when U. S. Senator John J. Crittenden proposed that the 36 ° 30 ' parallel north be declared as a line of demarcation between free and slave territories, some Republicans denounced such an arrangement, saying that it " would amount to a perpetual covenant of war against every people, tribe, and State owning a foot of land between here and Tierra del Fuego.

In early 1861 the critical border state of Kentucky had declared neutrality in the American Civil War.

In November 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected president of the United States, and Civil War would be declared in January 1861.

Four slave states never declared a secession: Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri, and four others did not declare secession until after the 1861 Battle of Fort Sumter: Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia — after which, they were less frequently called " border states ".

The territory was officially declared on August 1, 1861, following the Confederate victory at the Battle of Mesilla.

The Lone Star and Stripes, previously the Naval Ensign of Texas, was used as a provisional between 1861 and 1868, after Florida seceded from the Union and declared itself a " sovereign and independent nation.

< nowiki >*</ nowiki > Border states with slavery in 1861: In Kentucky and Missouri, pro-secession " governments " declared for the South but never had significant control of the states.

Mudgee was declared as a municipality in 1860 making it the second oldest municipality west of the Great Dividing Range with a population of 1500 in 1861.