* 1866 – The Fenians are driven out of Fort Erie, Ontario, into the United States.

* 1866 – Fenian raids: Fenians are victorious in both the Battle of Ridgeway and the Battle of Fort Erie.

In June 1866, the US Army arrested 700 Fenian troops at Buffalo and the Fenians gave up on their attempt to invade Canada.

He wrote the work after serving with the Queen's Own Rifles of Toronto in the Battle of Ridgeway against the Fenians in 1866.

In June 1866, the Irish-American " Brotherhood of Fenians " invaded Canada.

The first serious raid came in June 1866 with 850 Fenians attacking at Ridgeway in the Niagara region, then withdrawing quickly back across the border.

In 1866, a brigade of Fenians ( Irish Republicans ) used the ruins of the old fort as a base for their raid into Ontario.

The Battle of Ridgeway ( sometimes referred to as the Battle of Lime Ridge or Limestone Ridge ) was fought in the vicinity of the town of Fort Erie across the Niagara River from Buffalo, NY near the village of Ridgeway, Canada West, currently Ontario, Canada on June 2, 1866, between Canadian troops and an irregular army of Irish-American invaders, the Fenians.

Sometimes the " Battle of Ridgeway " includes the Battle of Fort Erie ( 1866 ) fought several hours later as the victorious Fenians returned to Fort Erie, Ontario.

Owen, David The Year of the Fenians: A Self-Guided Tour of Discovery and an Illustrated History of the Fenian Invasion of the Niagara Peninsula and the Battle of Ridgeway in 1866, Buffalo, NY: Western New York Heritage Institute, 1990.

In 1866 during the so-called Fenian Raids by Irish-American ex-soldiers who invaded Canadian territory, the 47th assisted in the defence of Canadian territory against the Fenians.

In 1866, Dennis led an ill-fated militia attack against the Fenians at Fort Erie.

After the 1866 Fenian raid, which aroused great fear of invasion, these companies and four others amalgamated in 1868 to form the 59th Stormont and Glengarry Battalion of Infantry, which was called out against the Fenians in 1870.

In 1866, these dissenters filed a suit in the Bombay High Court against Hasan Ali Shah, claiming that the Khojas had been Sunni Muslims from the very beginning.

He married fourthly at the Dolmabahçe Palace, Constantinople, on 21 September 1866 to Georgian HH Hayranidil Kadın Efendi ( Kars, 2 November 1846 – Ortaköy Palace, Constantinople, 26 November 1898 ), and had two children.

With the ecclesiastical parishes of St Fagan's ( Trecynon ) and Aberaman carved out of the ancient parish, Aberdare had 12 Anglican churches and one Roman Catholic church, built in 1866 in Monk Street near the site of a cell attached to Penrhys monastery, and at one time had over 50 Nonconformist chapels.

The independent Princedom of Serbia, had conducted the first population census in 1834 ; the subsequent censuses were conducted in 1841, 1843, 1846, 1850, 1854, 1859, 1863 and 1866 and 1874.

The first death due to cholera occurred in 1866, but by then Elizabeth had already opened St. Mary ’ s Dispensary for Women and Children, at 69 Seymour Place.

* 1866 – Miners in Calaveras County, California, discover what is now called the Calaveras Skull, human remains that supposedly indicated that man, mastodons, and elephants had co-existed.

Especially in Crete, a prolonged revolt in 1866 – 1869 had raised nationalist fervour.

By 1866 it had already become a widely popular gambling game in Houston, Texas, under the name ' Keno '.

Ole Krag, captain in the Norwegian Army and director of Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk ( the government weapons factory ), therefore continued the development of small arms, as he had since at least 1866.

It involved competition between France and Prussia over control of Luxembourg, which had become free of German control when the German Confederation was abolished at the end of the Seven Weeks War in 1866.

The couple had five sons and one daughter: Abraham ( 1807 – 1873 ) a graduate of West Point and career military officer ; John ( 1810 – 1866 ), graduate of Yale and Attorney General of New York ; Martin, Jr. ( 1812 – 1855 ), secretary to his father and editor of his father's papers until a premature death from tuberculosis ; Winfield Scott ( born and died in 1814 ); and Smith Thompson ( 1817 – 1876 ), an editor and special assistant to his father while president.

A principal source for the items in Illich-Svitych ’ s dictionary was the earlier work of Alfredo Trombetti ( 1866 – 1929 ), an Italian linguist who had developed a classification scheme for all the world ’ s languages, widely reviled at the time and subsequently ignored by almost all linguists.

Politics surrounding the 1866 war against Austria allowed Italy to annex Venetia, which had been a kingdom of the Austrian Empire since the 1815 Congress of Vienna.

Dr Brookes had organised a national Olympic Games that was held at Crystal Palace in London in 1866.

The new genre, called dissertation, had been invented in 1866, for the purpose of rational argument in the philosophy class.

The IWA held a preliminary conference in 1865, and had its first congress at Geneva in 1866.

In 1866, the United States standardized on the. 50-70 cartridge, chambered in trapdoor conversions of rifled muskets that had been used in the American Civil War.

By 1866, he had developed three classes of stellar spectra:

The third edition came out in 1861, with a number of sentences rewritten or added and an introductory appendix, An Historical Sketch of the Recent Progress of Opinion on the Origin of Species, while the fourth in 1866 had further revisions.

Darwin corresponded with Royer about a second edition published in 1866 and a third in 1870, but he had difficulty getting her to remove her notes and was troubled by these editions.

Furthermore, Davis accused Gould of having misrepresented a study by Henry H. Goddard ( 1866 – 1957 ) about the intelligence of Jewish, Hungarian, Italian, and Russian immigrants to the U. S., wherein Gould reported Goddard's qualifying those people as " feeble-minded "; whereas, in the initial sentence of the study, Goddard said the study subjects were atypical members of their ethnic groups, who had been selected because of their suspected sub-normal intelligence.

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 had already granted U. S. citizenship to all persons born in the United States, as long as those persons were not subject to a foreign power ; the framers of the Fourteenth Amendment added this principle into the Constitution to prevent the Supreme Court from ruling the Civil Rights Act of 1866 to be unconstitutional for lack of congressional authority to enact such a law and to prevent a future Congress from altering it by a mere majority vote.

He had also served as Chancellor of the Exchequer four times ( 1853 – 1855, 1859 – 1866, 1873 – 1874, and 1880 – 1882 ).

It was split out as a separate civil parish in 1866, and became part of the Uxbridge Urban District in 1894 under the Local Government Act 1894.

Egg Harbor City was created from portions of the township on June 14, 1858, while the Town of Hammonton was created and split off on March 5, 1866.

Spencer split from other whiggish aristocratic Liberals in 1866 on the issue of Russell's reform bill, which he supported, and his loyalty was rewarded by his appointment as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland when Gladstone returned to power in 1868.

Out of 200, 000 African American members in 1860 there in 1866 remained only 49, 000, and most of them split off on friendly terms in 1870 to form the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, now the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, taking with them $ 1. 5 million in buildings and properties.

The three remaining taxa, each considered a monotypic species if split, are the White-breasted Hawk ( A. chionogaster ; Kaup, 1852 ), Plain-breasted Hawk ( A. ventralis ; Sclater, 1866 ) and Rufous-thighed Hawk ( A. erythronemius ; Kaup, 1850 ).

In late 1866, the remaining Nien forces split into two, with the Eastern Army, under command of Lai Wenguang, stationed in central China whilst the Western Army advanced on Beijing.

The split occurred after Bahá ' í founder Bahá ' u ' lláh made his claims to be the messiah public in 1866, leading to expressions of support from the majority of the Bábí community, and opposition from Subh-i-Azal, who became the leader of the remaining group.