The will of the Swedish philanthropist inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895.

* 1895 – At the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after he dies.

In 1895, a plan was hatched with the connivance of the Cape Prime Minister Cecil Rhodes, Johannesburg gold magnate Alfred Beit, and Sir Alfred Milner ( British High Commissioner for South Africa and Lieutenant Governor of the Cape ) to liberate Johannesburg from the control of the Transvaal government.

He abandoned this idea after being criticised in Welsh newspapers for bringing about the defeat of the Liberal Party in the 1895 election and when, at a meeting in Newport on 16 January 1896, the South Wales Liberal Federation, led by David Alfred Thomas and Robert Bird moved that he be not heard.

It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901 ; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

It is one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in his will.

In 1895, Alfred Clark created what is commonly accepted as the first-ever motion picture special effect.

Academics began to understand the origins and corrected etymology of the brown rat towards the end of the 19th century, as seen in the 1895 text Natural History by American scholar Alfred Henry Miles:

Alfred Dreyfus stripped of rank, 5 January 1895.

In March 1895, angered by the apparent ongoing homosexual relationship between author Oscar Wilde and his son Alfred, Queensberry publicly called Wilde a " posing somdomite " ( sic ).

Roys of Wroxham, dubbed the world's largest village store, was founded in Coltishall by Alfred Roy in 1895, with a second store opening in Hoveton in 1899.

On February 15, 1895 Oscar Wilde, Lord Alfred Douglas and Ross approached solicitor Charles Octavius Humphreys with the intention of suing the Marquess of Queensberry, Douglas ' father, for criminal libel.

The horrors of the penal settlement were publicized during the Dreyfus Case, as the French army captain Alfred Dreyfus was unjustly convicted of treason and sent to Devil's Island on 5 January 1895.

Among her most celebrated roles with Irving were Ophelia, Pauline in The Lady of Lyons by Edward George Bulwer-Lytton ( 1878 ), Portia ( 1879 ), Queen Henrietta Maria in William Gorman Wills's drama Charles I ( 1879 ), Desdemona in Othello ( 1881 ), Camma in Tennyson's short tragedy The Cup ( 1881 ), Beatrice in Much Ado About Nothing, another of her signature roles ( 1882 and often thereafter ), Juliet in Romeo and Juliet ( 1882 ), Jeanette in The Lyons Mail by Charles Reade ( 1883 ), the title part in Reade's romantic comedy Nance Oldfield ( 1883 ), Viola in Twelfth Night ( 1884 ), Margaret in the long-running adaptation of Faust by Wills ( 1885 ), the title role in Olivia ( 1885, which she had played earlier at the Court Theatre ), Lady Macbeth in Macbeth ( 1888, with incidental music by Arthur Sullivan ), Queen Katherine in Henry VIII ( 1892 ), Cordelia in King Lear ( 1892 ), Rosamund de Clifford in Becket by Alfred Tennyson ( 1893 ), Guinevere in King Arthur by J. Comyns Carr, with incidental music by Sullivan ( 1895 ), Imogen in Cymbeline ( 1896 ), the title character in Victorien Sardou and Émile Moreau's play Madame Sans-Gêne ( 1897 ) and Volumnia in Coriolanus ( 1901 ).

After 1880, most seismometers were descended from those developed by the team of John Milne, James Alfred Ewing and Thomas Gray, who worked in Japan from 1880 to 1895.

The world's first university-based executive education program — the Sloan Fellows program — was created in 1931 under the sponsorship of Alfred P. Sloan, himself an 1895 MIT graduate, who was chairman of General Motors and has since been credited with creating the modern corporation.

* Salomé, play by Oscar Wilde, French ( 1894 ), translated into English by Lord Alfred Douglas, 1895.

When he died without a son in 1895, the Dukedom passed to his fourth cousin, Alfred Douglas-Hamilton, who succeeded as 13th Duke of Hamilton.

* Nithardi Historiarvm libri qvattvor (" The Four Books of Nithard's Histories "), edited by Alfred Holder ( 1895 ), full text in Latin, downloadable as pdf

Alfred " Tubby " Hall ( October 12, 1895 – May 13, 1945 ) was a jazz drummer.

All previous observations of the glottis and larynx had been performed under indirect vision ( using mirrors ) until 23 April 1895, when Alfred Kirstein ( 1863 – 1922 ) of Germany first described direct visualization of the vocal cords.

Alfred Marshall wrote in the third ( 1895 ) edition of his Principles of Economics:

Alfred Dreyfus being dishonorably discharged, 5 January 1895.

Since its introduction by Kirstein in 1895, the conventional laryngoscope has been the most popular device used for this purpose.

In 1845, the first football laws were written by Rugby School pupils ; other significant events in the early development of rugby include the Blackheath Club's decision to leave the Football Association in 1863 and the split between rugby union and rugby league in 1895.

He was elected to the Federal Council on 12 December 1863 and died in office 31 years later, on 18 July 1895.

* 1863 – 1895 Arthur Cayley

Others include: Millerites ( from 1833 ), Edward White ( 1846 ), Christadelphians ( from 1848 ), Thomas Thayer ( 1855 ), François Gaussen ( d. 1863 ), Henry Constable ( 1873 ), Louis Burnier ( Waldensian, d. 1878 ), the Baptist Conditionalist Association ( 1878 ), Cameron Mann ( 1888 ), Emmanuel Pétavel-Olliff ( 1891 ), Miles Grant ( 1895 ) George Gabriel Stokes ( 1897 ),

He matriculated as a student at Lund University in 1846, received his Ph. D. in 1853 and was Professor of Astronomy there from 1863 until 1895.

At the end of 1895, she arranged Alexandra's engagement to Prince Ernst, of Hohenlohe-Langenburg ( 13 September 1863 – 11 December 1950 ).

Isma ' il Pasha ( Ismā ‘ īl Bāshā, Turkish: İsmail Paşa ), known as Ismail the Magnificent ( December 31, 1830 – March 2, 1895 ), was the Khedive of Egypt and Sudan from 1863 to 1879, when he was removed at the behest of the United Kingdom.

In 1863 he became senior lecturer / associate professor in Würzburg, received a professorship in Königsberg in 1872, and in 1888 he relocated to Breslau, again as a full professor, and was elected rector of the university in 1895.

* Henry George Agar-Ellis, 4th Viscount Clifden ( 1863 – 1895 )

* Henry George Agar-Ellis, 4th Viscount Clifden and 4th Baron Mendip ( 1863 – 1895 )

* Henry George Agar-Ellis, 4th Viscount Clifden and 3rd Baron Dover ( 1863 – 1895 )

: Morris Loeb ( born 1863 Cincinnati, died 1912 ) professor of chemistry, married Eda Kuhn in 1895, the daughter of Samuel and Regina Wise Kuhn.

Sheffield had its own student secret societies ( aka final clubs or senior societies, some also known by their Greek letters ) including the Colony Club, 1848 ( now Berzelius ), the Cloister, 1863 ( now Book and Snake ), St. Anthony Hall, 1867 ( now a 3-year society, also called Delta Psi ), St. Elmo, 1889 ( also a senior society ), as well as Franklin Hall, 1865 ( Theta Xi ), York Hall, 1877 ( Chi Phi ), Sachem Hall, 1890 ( Phi Sigma Kappa ), and Vernon Hall, 1895 ( Phi Gamma Delta ).

Emma Dunham Kelley-Hawkins ( November 11, 1863 – October 22, 1938 ) was an American writer, and author of the novel Four Girls At Cottage City ( 1895 ).

Notable natives and residents include the Slovenian economist Ivan Ples ( 1886 – 1958 ), composer Andrej Volarič ( 1863 – 1895 ), and the Italian Jesuit philologist Gregorio Alasia de Sommaripa ( 1587 – 1626 ), who compiled the first Italian-Slovene dictionary in 1601.

Raul d ' Ávila Pompeia ( April 12, 1863 — December 25, 1895 ) was a Brazilian novelist, short story writer and chronicler.

The tower was destroyed by the 1863 fire and rebuilt in 1895.

Married Nina Loeb ( 1863 – 1912 ) in 1895, the daughter of Solomon Loeb.