When parimutuel betting was introduced in 1908, the racing industry turned around.

The London race, called the Polytechnic Marathon and originally staged over the 1908 Olympic route from outside the royal residence at Windsor Castle to White City, was first sponsored by the Sporting Life, which in those Edwardian times was a daily newspaper which sought to cover all sporting events, rather than just a betting paper for horse racing and greyhounds that it became in the years after the Second World War.

Production jumped from 450 motorcycles in 1908 to 1, 149 machines in 1909.

By 1908 lots of " bell " machines were installed in most cigar stores, saloons, bowling alleys, brothels and barber shops.

The first few machines to his design were produced by Bradford based car firm Jowett in 1908 and soon after he set up as a manufacturer in his own right at premises in Grosvenor Street Bradford.

In 1908, English emigrant and founder of the Universal Stamping Machine Company Walter Bowes began providing stamp-canceling machines to the United States Postal Service.

He started to produce in Dingolfing in 1908 with 150 sowing machines per year.

While spider-like machines have dominated the means of land travel, the Martians ' flying-machines have greatly influenced air travel, with aircraft by 1908 looking close to modern era planes.

During this period winter sports were slowly introduced: in 1882 the first figure skating championship was held in St. Moritz, and downhill skiing became a trendy sport with English visitors early in the 20th century, as the first ski-lift was installed in 1908 above Grindelwald.

The result were two volumes ( J. S. Bach ), which was published in 1908 and translated in English by Ernest Newman in 1911.

The college was suppressed in 1908 by Pope Pius X and their duties were transferred to the protonotarii apostolici participantes.

Serbia's aspirations towards Bosnia and Herzegovina were thwarted by the Austrian annexation of the province in October 1908, and so the Serbs focused their attention onto their historic cradle, Kosovo and to the south for expansion.

The 1908 pennant races in both the AL and NL were among the most exciting ever witnessed.

Great Britain also entered a team at the Olympics Games in 1900 and in 1908, but they were organised separately from the Lions.

Thus, dark blue jerseys, were introduced with white shorts and the red socks of 1908.

Albert Calmette, a French bacteriologist, and his assistant and later colleague, Camille Guérin, a veterinarian, were working at the Institut Pasteur de Lille ( Lille, France ) in 1908.

At first the predictions of Einstein's formula were seemingly refuted by a series of experiments by Svedberg in 1906 and 1907, which gave displacements of the particles as 4 to 6 times the predicted value, and by Henri in 1908 who found displacements 3 times greater than Einstein's formula predicted.

But Einstein's predictions were finally confirmed in a series of experiments carried out by Chaudesaigues in 1908 and Perrin in 1909.

By 1908, James Dewar and H. Kamerlingh Onnes were successfully able to liquify hydrogen and then newly-discovered helium, respectively.

Some sort of continental drift without expansion was proposed by Frank Bursley Taylor, who suggested in 1908 ( published in 1910 ) that the continents were dragged towards the equator by increased lunar gravity during the Cretaceous, thus forming the Himalayas and Alps on the southern faces.

Among his 69 Ph. D. students in Göttingen were many who later became famous mathematicians, including ( with date of thesis ): Otto Blumenthal ( 1898 ), Felix Bernstein ( 1901 ), Hermann Weyl ( 1908 ), Richard Courant ( 1910 ), Erich Hecke ( 1910 ), Hugo Steinhaus ( 1911 ), and Wilhelm Ackermann ( 1925 ).

The technique got to Europe almost immediately, and Segundo de Chomon and others at Pathé took it further, adding clay animation, in which sculptures were deformed from one thing into another thing frame by frame in Sculpture moderne ( 1908 ), and then Pathé made the next step to the animation of silhouette shapes.

Experiments with color films were made as early as the late 19th century, but practical color film was not commercially viable until 1908, and for amateur use when Kodak introduced Kodachrome for 16 mm in 1935 and 8 mm in 1936.

Silent versions were released in 1907, 1908, 1910, 1913, 1917, and 1920.

By 1908, Mathers and Brodie-Innes were in complete accord.

The initial sparks of the first Balkan War in 1912 were ignited by the Albanian uprising between 1908 and 1910 which were directed at opposing the Young Turk policies of consolidation of the Ottoman Empire.

The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competitions, and the first European championships were won by Great Britain in 1910.

" Similar proposals were made at the sessions of the International Congress of Navigation held at St. Petersburg in 1908 and again in 1912.

Particularly important was the work of Paul Ehrlich, who proposed the side-chain theory to explain the specificity of the antigen-antibody reaction ; his contributions to the understanding of humoral immunity were recognized by the award of a Nobel Prize in 1908, which was jointly awarded to the founder of cellular immunology, Elie Metchnikoff.

His parents were Henry Kern ( 1842 – 1908 ), a Jewish German immigrant, and Fannie Kern née Kakeles ( 1852 – 1907 ), who was an American Jew of Bohemian parentage.

In 1908 the islands were visited by the Swedish Magellanic Expedition and Carl Skottsberg is believed to have been the last to have seen the Santalum fernandezianum tree alive.

His father was cashiered from the Imperial German Army in 1908 — after repeatedly disparaging Kaiser Wilhelm II for his alleged homosexuality — and the Ribbentrop family were often short of money.

* Lev Pontryagin ( 1908 – 1988 ) introduced the maximum principle and the bang-bang principle.

In response to criticism over the reduced reach of the SMLE rifle and bayonet, British ordnance authorities introduced the P1907 bayonet in 1908, which had an elongated blade of some seventeen inches to compensate for the reduced overall length of the SMLE rifle.

* 1908 – Kinemacolor, a two-color process that is the first commercial " natural color " system for movies, is introduced.

In 1908, the Allan Cup was introduced as the trophy for Canada's amateurs, and the Stanley Cup started to become a symbol of professional hockey supremacy.

Hershey's Kisses were developed in 1907, and the Hershey's Bar with almonds was introduced in 1908.

He also introduced the first of the so-called Liberal reforms, including ( in 1908 ) small means-tested old age pensions for some people over age 70, with the aim of reducing poverty among the elderly.

Manual training and domestic services were not introduced until 1908.

In 1908, Beecham introduced Brigg Fair to London audiences, and Fernández Arbós presented Lebenstanz.

In 1908, the Saunderson Tractor and Implement Co. of Bedford introduced a four-wheel design, and went on to become the largest tractor manufacturer outside the U. S. at that time.

In early December 1907, Michael was introduced to the wife of a fellow officer, Natalia Sergeyevna Wulfert, and from 1908 they began a deep friendship.

Sarah, who was 28 when Henry Ford introduced the Ford Model T in 1908, lived through seven U. S. wars and 23 U. S. Presidents.

*. 44 Hand Ejector First Model " New Century "— first N-frame, introduced in 1908.

The first Olympic men's javelin throw contest was held in 1908 and a women's competition was introduced in 1932.

When more American than British members were shown at their annual exhibit in 1908, a motion was introduced to disband the organization.

In 1908, now considered to be the United Kingdom's leading authority on unemployment insurance, he was introduced by Beatrice Webb to Winston Churchill, who had recently been promoted to the Cabinet as President of the Board of Trade.

Between 1905 and 1908, when the Camelots du Roy monarchist league was founded, Maurras introduced the concept of political activism through extra-parliamentary leagues, theorizing the possibility of a coup d ' état.

Anne Shirley is a fictional character introduced in the 1908 novel Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Maud Montgomery.

It was launched as an imitation of the Hydrox cookie manufactured by Sunshine company, introduced in 1908.

They were issued as a replacement to the 4 minute black wax Amberol cylinder introduced in 1908 which in turn replaced the 2 minute wax cylinders that Edison had been producing.

Shoemaker Nils Gregoriusson Tveranger ( 1874-1953 ) in Aurland, Norway, introduced his first design around 1908.

Another all-Pullman service was introduced in 1908 under the name of the Southern Belle, then described as "... the most luxurious train in the world ...".