The Chicago Outfit, which subsequently became known as the " Capones ", was dedicated to smuggling and bootlegging liquor, and other illegal activities such as prostitution, in Chicago from the early 1920s to 1931.

In 1931 Montgomery became lieutenant-colonel commanding the 1st Battalion of The Royal Warwickshire Regiment and saw service in Palestine and India.

A temporary conservation laboratory was set up in May 1920 and became a permanent department in 1931.

From 1931 until his death in 1939, Sapir taught at Yale University, where he became the head of the Department of Anthropology.

Husserl became increasingly critical of Heidegger's work, especially in 1929, and included pointed criticism of Heidegger in lectures he gave during 1931.

After the Japanese occupied Manchuria in 1931, they proclaimed it to be the Empire of Manchukuo, and Puyi became emperor of Manchukuo.

Invented in 1931, the electric guitar became a necessity as jazz musicians sought to amplify their sound in the big band format.

At this time, American gangster films like Little Caesar and Wellman's The Public Enemy ( both 1931 ) became popular.

Lynn M. Thomas, the American historian, writes that the period 1929 – 1931 became what is known in Kenyan historiography as the female circumcision controversy.

") In 1925 he became Director of the Academy, and from 1927 to 1931 its Rector.

Here, he once more became involved in Freemasonry, joining the Johore Royal Lodge No. 3946, but had retired from it by April 1931.

This move became official in 1931.

He became a Doctor of Medicine and Chemistry in Prague in 1929, went to Johns Hopkins University on a Rockefeller Foundation Scholarship in 1931 and then went to McGill University in Montreal where he started researching the issue of stress in 1936.

The firm became a subsidiary of the US-based General Motors ( GM ) automotive group in 1931, and resultantly retitled General Motors-Holden's Ltd.

Chernenko joined the Komsomol ( Communist Youth League ) in 1929, and became a full member of the Communist Party in 1931.

Relegated again in 1931, Manchester United became a yo-yo club, achieving its all-time lowest position of 20th place in the Second Division in 1934.

Maginot was another veteran of World War I, who became the French Minister of Veteran Affairs and then Minister of War ( 1928 – 1931 ).

It became a majority-stake subsidiary of the General Motors Corporation in 1929 and has been a wholly owned subsidiary since 1931.

Frisch became a full Professor at the university in 1931.

In 1931, Himmler gave Heydrich the assignment to build an intelligence and security service inside the SS, which became the Sicherheitsdienst ( SD ).

The company became famous for its successes in the Schneider Trophy for seaplanes, especially the three wins in a row of 1927, 1929 and 1931.

Gabriel Terra became president in March 1931.

With the Labor Party split between Scullin's supporters and Langites, and with a very popular leader ( Lyons had a genial manner and the common touch ), the UAP won the subsequent parliamentary elections in December 1931 in a massive landslide which saw the two wings of the Labor Party cut down to 18 seats between them, and Lyons became Prime Minister in January 1932.

In 1931, in the city including the German settlement-colony Old Sarepta ( founded in 1765 ), subsequently became the largest area of the city — Krasnoarmeysky.

In 1931, Fall became the first cabinet member in history to be sent to prison for actions while holding office.

In 1931, he joined the SS, where he achieved the rank of Oberführer in both the General SS and the Waffen SS.

He was elevated to the rank of baron ( danshaku ) in the kazoku peerage system in April 1931.

Born in Northampton, Massachusetts, Adams was appointed to the United States Naval Academy from the state's second Congressional district in 1931, and graduated in 1935 with an appointment to the rank of ensign.

In 1931, Eicke was promoted to the rank of SS-Standartenführer ( colonel ) by Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler.

Norma Shearer chose him to star opposite her in The Divorcee ( 1930 ), Strangers May Kiss ( 1931 ), and Private Lives ( 1931 ), which led to stardom on a high rank.

In 1913 he was promoted to Captain, in 1923 he became a Major and in 1931 he was given the rank of General and became the commander of the Dutch 4th division.

The Spanish Army ( which had not been involved in World War I ) exceptionally continued to issue coloured uniforms to all its conscript rank and file until 1926 and thereafter to the garrisons of Seville, Barcelona and Madrid for special ceremonials until 1931.

In 1931 Gajda was briefly imprisoned and stripped of military rank due to a prior scandal.

After 1931, it is those who held the rank of Stabschef, such as Ernst Röhm, were accepted as the commanders of the SA.

The rank of Stabschef was held by three different people between 1931 and 1945 and was, in each case of succession, inherited due to the death of a predecessor.

Howell is the son of Colonel Arthur Howard Eckford Howell, who lived at 5 Headford Place, London, gained the rank of Colonel in the service of the Royal Artillery and was decorated with the awards of the Territorial Decoration ( TD ) and Companion of the Distinguished Service Order ( DSO ) ( son of Lieutenant Colonel Ernest Alfred Russell Howell ), and wife ( m. 9 April 1931 ) Beryl Stuart Bowater, daughter of Sir Frank Henry Bowater, 1st Baronet and Ethel Anita Fryar.

He served with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police from 1931 to 1953, and retired with the rank of Staff Sgt.

He served as Aide to the Commander in Chief, US Fleet, and was promoted to the rank of Commander in June 1931.

It reappeared the following year, in 1931, as a rank of the NSKK.

In 1931 he was promoted by the President Ignacy Mościcki to the rank of Brigadier General.

Born in Bremen, Lehmann-Willenbrock joined the Reichsmarine in April 1931, with the rank of Seekadett, serving on a light cruiser and a sailing school ship before he transferred to the U-Boatwaffe in April 1939, five months before World War II began.

The Ranks and insignia of the National Socialist Motor Corps ( Nationalsozialistisches Kraftfahrkorps, or NSKK ) were a paramilitary rank system used between the years of 1931 and 1945.

Obersturmmann was a paramiltiary rank of the NSDAP which existed from 1931 to 1945.

In 1931 the then archbishop Sergius was elevated to the rank of Metropolitan bishop by the Moscow Patriarchate.

Promoted to the rank of Colonel ( Oberst ) in 1925 and Lieutenant General ( Generalleutnant ) in 1931, Stülpnagel played a leading role in the Reichswehr in conjunction with Kurt von Schleicher and Freiherr von Bussche during the Weimar era.

By 1931, until World War II, Charaszkiewicz served, last in the rank of major, as chief of " Office 2 " of the General Staff's Section II.

On December 19, 1931, following Fechet's retirement, he was appointed Chief of the Air Corps by President Herbert Hoover, which carried the rank of major general.

John Richard " Dick " Motta ( born September 3, 1931 ) is a former basketball coach whose career in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) spanned 25 years, and he continues to rank among the NBA's all-time top 10 in coaching victories.