During Dulles's first two years in office, while Republicans ran the Senate, the Department was at the mercy of men who had thirsted for its blood since 1945.

* 1945 – Ten days after World War II ends with Japan announcing its surrender, armed supporters of the Communist Party of China kill Baptist missionary John Birch, regarded by some of the American right as the first victim of the Cold War.

Florey and Chain succeeded in purifying the first penicillin, penicillin G procaine in 1942, but it did not become widely available outside Allied military before 1945.

After the team had developed a method of purifying penicillin to an effective first stable form in 1940, several clinical trials ensued, and their amazing success inspired the team to develop methods for mass production and mass distribution in 1945.

Von Neumann wrote the first array-sorting program ( merge sort ) in 1945, during the building of the first stored-program computer .< sup > p.

* 1999 – The German Bundestag returns to Berlin, the first German parliamentary body to meet there since the Reichstag was dissolved in 1945.

One of his early models was first constructed in 1945 at Bennington College in Vermont, where he frequently lectured.

He managed to beat Eversharp to market in late 1945 ; the first ballpoint pens went on sale at Gimbels department store in New York City on 29 October 1945 for US $ 9. 75 each.

The game between the Chicago Cubs and St. Louis Cardinals in particular was cited for putting Ryne Sandberg ( as well as the 1984 Cubs in general, who would go on to make their first postseason appearance since 1945 ) " on the map.

From 1938 to 1945, he held a succession of positions, first becoming senior history master at Blundell's School in Tiverton, Devon in 1938 ( and also a Captain in the school's OTC ), then instructor at the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth in 1939.

He was also the first person to hold the office of Deputy Prime Minister, under Winston Churchill in the wartime coalition government, before leading the Labour Party to a landslide election victory over Churchill's Conservative Party in 1945.

Although the Attlee Government failed to meet its targets, primarily due to economic constraints, over a million new homes were built between 1945 and 1951 ( a significant achievement under the circumstances ) which ensured that decent, affordable housing was available to many low-income families for the first time ever.

These benefits had been legislated for the previous year by Churchill ’ s Family Allowances Act 1945, and was the first measure pushed through parliament by Attlee ’ s government.

It was also the first full coalition in Britain since 1945, having been formed 70 years virtually to the day after the establishment of Winston Churchill's wartime coalition, although there had been the " Lib-Lab pact ", an agreement stopping short of a full coalition between the Labour and Liberal parties, from March 1977 until July 1978, when a series of by-election defeats had eroded Labour's majority of three seats which had been gained at the October 1974 election.

Due to the wartime travel restrictions, the first three games of the 1945 World Series were played in Detroit, where the Cubs won two games, including a one-hitter by Claude Passeau, and the final four were played at Wrigley.

When the Cubs clinched the Eastern Division with a Sutcliffe complete-game 2-hitter at Pittsburgh on September 23, the franchise had its first title of any kind since 1945.

Included in that collection were “ Judgment Night ” ( first published in August and September, 1943 ), the lush rendering of a future galactic empire with a sober meditation on the nature of power and its inevitable loss ; “ The Code ” ( July, 1945 ), an homage to the classic Faust with modern theories and Lovecraftian dread ; “ Promised Land ” ( February, 1950 ) and “ Heir Apparent ” ( July, 1950 ) both documenting the grim twisting that mankind must undergo in order to spread into the solar system ; and “ Paradise Street ” ( September, 1950 ), a futuristic take on the Old West conflict between lone hunter and wilderness-taming settlers.

Day started her career as a big band singer in 1939, but only began to be noticed after her first hit recording, " Sentimental Journey ", in 1945.

It was while working with Brown that Day scored her first hit recording, " Sentimental Journey ", released in early 1945.

Fern Hill ( 1945 ) is a poem by Dylan Thomas, first published in the October, 1945, Horizon magazine, with its first book publication as the last poem in Deaths and Entrances.

On 9 March 1945, during the Japanese occupation of Cambodia, young king Norodom Sihanouk proclaimed an independent Kingdom of Kampuchea, following a formal request by the Japanese.

A personal high point was the reception of the Japanese surrender in Singapore when British troops returned to the island to receive the formal surrender of Japanese forces in the region led by General Itagaki Seishiro on 12 September 1945, codenamed Operation Tiderace.

The French army recruited French Forces of the Interior ( de Gaulle's formal name for resistance fighters ) to continue the war until the final defeat of Germany ; this army numbered 300, 000 men by September 1944 and 370, 000 by Spring 1945.

In the Three Power Conference of Berlin ( formal title of the Potsdam Conference ) from 17 July to 2 August 1945, they agreed to and adopted the Protocol of the Proceedings, August l, 1945, signed at Cecilienhof Castle in Potsdam.

It has been suggested that the war ended at the armistice of 14 August 1945 ( V-J Day ), rather than the formal surrender of Japan ( 2 September 1945 ); in some European histories, it ended on V-E Day ( 8 May 1945 ).

The WBG came into formal existence on 27 December 1945 following international ratification of the Bretton Woods agreements, which emerged from the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference ( 1 – 22 July 1944 ).

Further developments included generalization of the Fourier integral, " beginning with Plancherel's pathbreaking L < sup > 2 </ sup >- theory ( 1910 ), continuing with Wiener's and Bochner's works ( around 1930 ) and culminating with the amalgamation into L. Schwartz's theory of distributions ( 1945 )...", and leading to the formal development of the Dirac delta function.

14 January 1945 saw the Normandie-Niemen start its third campaign ( from Dopenen to Heiligenbeil ), concentrating in the East Prussian part of the German Reich, until the formal announcement of victory in the east on 9 May the day after V-E Day in Europe.

In the post – Cold War ( 1945 – 1991 ) world, the French Socialist politician Hubert Védrine described the USA as a hegemonic hyperpower, because of its unilateral military actions worldwide, especially against Iraq ; while the US political scientists John Mearsheimer and Joseph Nye counter that the USA is not a true hegemon because it has neither the financial nor the military resources to impose a proper, formal, global hegemony.

Japan surrendered on August 15, 1945 and a formal Instrument of Surrender was signed on September 2, 1945, on the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay.

Douglas MacArthur signs the formal Japanese Instrument of Surrender ( 1945 ) | surrender of Japanese forces on the USS Missouri ( BB-63 ) | USS Missouri, 1945-09-02

The heavy cruiser can be seen as a lineage of ship design from 1915 until 1945, although the term ' heavy cruiser ' only came into formal use in 1930.

It has made formal declaration of war uncommon after 1945.

A formal contract to that effect was drawn up in 1945.

In April 1952, the department stated its one formal charge against him: " that during the period 1945 to date, you have maintained an association with one, Lillian Hellman, reliably reported to be a member of the Communist Party ," based on testimony from unidentified informants.

The formal surrender of the occupying German forces in the Channel Islands was not until 9 May 1945.

On 19 September 1945 the corps, with the assigned 33rd Infantry Division, sailed from Lingayen Gulf for Japan, landing on the island of Honshū on 25 September, three weeks after Japan's formal surrender.

Documents from the archives showed that that was also the conclusion of the report of Alexander Brusov, chief of the first formal mission sent by the Soviet government to find the Amber Room, who wrote in June, 1945: " Summarizing all the facts, we can say that the Amber Room was destroyed between 9 and 11 April 1945 ".

Two months later, the Navy held the first formal dance on the commons, and the Trustees finally discarded the “ no dancing ” policy in 1945, after the Redlands V-12 unit had been disbanded.

On April 29, 1945, the US Army liberated the Salzwedel women's subcamp, and also a men's camp nearby for male non-German political prisoners.

When she died in 1945, she had laid an impressive foundation for the women's ministry in COGIC.

In 1945, soon after he began selling women's clothing as well as men's, Eddie Bauer issued his first mail-order catalog.

Notable alumni include former Secretary of State George Schultz 1938, former governor of Connecticut Ella T. Grasso 1936, satirist Tom Lehrer 1943, New York Times chairman Arthur Ochs Sulzberger 1945, financier Henry R. Kravis 1963, actor, writer and producer James Widdoes 1972, 1998 Winter Olympic Games United States women's ice hockey Olympic gold medalist Gretchen Ulion 1990 and Taiwanese fashion designer Jason Wu graduated in 2001.

In 1945, a Pittsburgh women's musical organization asked Professor Brunhilde E. Dorsch to organize an international dance group at Duquesne University to honor America's World War II allies.

From 1944 to March 1945, a women's slave labour camp was directly outside Mühlhausen ( a branch of the Buchenwald camp ).

In 1945, an overcoat ( wool and fully lined ) 18 coupons ; a man's suit 26-29 ( according to lining ); men's shoes 9, women's shoes 7 ; woollen dress 11.

It was originally a women's college until 1945 when men were admitted.

Jessie was the only Australian woman delegate at the founding of the United Nations in 1945 and established ( co-founder of ) the UN Commission of the Status of Women and Charter of women's rights.