Other more recent political figures educated at Columbia include U. S President Barack Obama, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former U. S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former chairman of the U. S. Federal Reserve Bank Alan Greenspan, U. S. Attorney General Eric Holder, and U. S. Solicitor General Donald Verrilli Jr .. Dwight D. Eisenhower served as the thirteenth president of Columbia University from 1948 to 1953.

Dwight David " Ike " Eisenhower ( pronounced, ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969 ) was the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961.

In the first year of his presidency Eisenhower deposed the leader of Iran in the 1953 Iranian coup d ' etat, and used nuclear threats to conclude the Korean War with China.

Eisenhower retired from active service on May 31, 1952, and resumed the university presidency, which he held until January 1953.

In 1953 the Republican's Old Guard presented Eisenhower with a dilemma by insisting he disavow the Yalta Agreements as beyond the constitutional authority of the Executive Branch ; however, the death of Joseph Stalin in March 1953 made the matter a practical moot point.

Early in 1953, the French asked Eisenhower for help in French Indochina against the Communists, supplied from China, who were fighting the First Indochina War.

Eisenhower made clear his stance in his first State of the Union message in February 1953, saying " I propose to use whatever authority exists in the office of the President to end segregation in the District of Columbia, including the Federal Government, and any segregation in the Armed Forces ".

Joe Martin, the Republican Speaker from 1947 – 1949 and again from 1953 – 1955, wrote that Eisenhower " never surrounded himself with assistants who could solve political problems with professional skill.

* 1953 – United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower delivers his " Atoms for Peace " speech, and the U. S. launches its " Atoms for Peace " program that supplied equipment and information to schools, hospitals, and research institutions around the world.

* 1953 – President Dwight Eisenhower refuses a clemency appeal for Ethel and Julius Rosenberg.

In 1953, the President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower, proposed the creation of an international body to both regulate and promote the peaceful use of atomic power ( nuclear power ), in his Atoms for Peace address to the UN General Assembly.

* 1953 – Cold War: U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally approves the top secret document National Security Council Paper No. 162 / 2, which states that the United States ' arsenal of nuclear weapons must be maintained and expanded to counter the communist threat.

When President Dwight Eisenhower took office in 1953, he strengthened and extended Truman's loyalty review program, while decreasing the avenues of appeal available to dismissed employees.

This fit within the Atoms for Peace program proposed by President Dwight Eisenhower in 1953.

U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed her as the first female director of the U. S. Mint on May 3, 1933, where she served five full terms until her retirement in 1953, when Republicans under Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard M. Nixon regained the executive branch of government.

After Vinson died in September 1953, President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed Earl Warren as Chief Justice.

But before it was announced, Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson died suddenly in September 1953 and Eisenhower picked Warren to replace him as Chief Justice of the United States.

" Eisenhower gave Warren a recess appointment that began on October 1, 1953.

John Foster Dulles ( February 25, 1888 – May 24, 1959 ) served as U. S. Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959.

When Dwight Eisenhower became President in January, 1953, he appointed Dulles as his Secretary of State.

In 1919, MacDonald became Commissioner of the Bureau of Public Roads ( BPR ), a post he held until 1953, when he oversaw the early stages of the Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways.

In 1953, he became one of the founding trustees of Eisenhower Fellowships.

When Penn State changed its name from College to University in 1953, its president, Milton S. Eisenhower, sought to persuade the town to change its name as well.

The Titfield Thunderbolt ( 1953 ) echoes the theme of Passport to Pimlico, switched to a rural setting, with a small community standing up for their local interests when their branch line is threatened with closure by British Railways in a forerunner of the Beeching cuts a decade later.

The ideology of the Movimiento Nacional was resumed by the slogan ¡ Una, Grande y Libre !, which stood for the indivisibility of the Spanish state and the refusal of any regionalism or decentralization, its imperial character, both past ( the defunct Spanish Empire in the Americas, and foreseen in Africa ), and its independence towards the purported " Judeo-masonic-Marxist international conspiracy " ( a personal obsession of Franco ), materialized by the Soviet Union, the European democracies, the United States ( until the Pact of Madrid of 1953 ) or the " exterior enemy " which could threatened the nation at any time, as well as towards the long list of " internal enemies ", like " anti-Spanish ", " reds ", " separatist ", " liberals ", " Jews " and " Freemasons, among others, coining expressions like " judeomarxistas ".

He was called to testify before HUAC but refused to do so for two years until, with his career threatened by the blacklist, he relented in 1953 and gave testimony in which he named 20 people as former members of the Communist Party USA.

In 1953, the President of Guatemala, Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán, threatened to nationalize land belonging to the United Fruit Company.

Mimus graysoni is mostly threatened by habitat loss caused by feral sheep and the locust Schistocerca piceifrons, and predation by feral cats which became established after 1953, probably in the early 1970s.

The report chronicled gruesome details of the events in 1953: how, by spending a meager sum of $ 1 million, the CIA " stirred up considerable unrest in Iran, giving Iranians a clear choice between instability and supporting the shah "; how it brought " the largest mobs " into the street ; how it " began disseminating ' gray propaganda ' passing out anti-Mossadegh cartoons in the streets and planting unflattering articles in local press "; how the CIA's " Iranian operatives pretending to be Communists threatened Muslim leaders with ' savage punishment if they opposed Mossadegh '"; how the " house of at least one prominent Muslim was bombed by CIA agents posing as Communists "; how the CIA tried to " orchestrate a call for a holy war against Communism "; how on August 19 " a journalist who was one of the agency's most important Iranian agents led a crowd toward Parliament, inciting people to set fire to the offices of a newspaper owned by Dr. Mossadegh's foreign minister "; how American agents swung " security forces to the side of the demonstrators "; how the shah's disbanded " Imperial Guard seized trucks and drove through the street "; how by " 10: 15 there were pro-shah truckloads of military personnel at all main squares "; how the " pro-shah speakers went on the air, broadcasting the coups ' success and reading royal decrees "; how at the US embassy, " CIA officers were elated, and Mr. Roosevelt got General Zahedi out of hiding " and found him a tank that " drove him to the radio station, where he spoke to the nation "; and, finally, how " Dr. Mossadegh and other government officials were rounded up, while officers supporting General Zahedi placed ' unknown supports of TP-Ajax ' in command of all units of Tehran garrison.

At Beria's urging the East German government sent the public signals about an easing up in the regime thus raising expectations but when they equivocated on implementing changes such as cancelling a plan to increase labour production ( and thus workload on individual workers ) a mass protest movement resulted that threatened the existence of the government and resulted in a hard crackdown using Soviet troops ( see Uprising of 1953 in East Germany ).

In addition General Motors threatened lawsuits regarding dual " Drive " ranges, because of their " Dual-Range Hydra-Matic Drive " of 1953.

She was furious when he told Photoplay in 1953 she threatened to jump off the Santa Monica Pier if he left her.

The centerpiece of his time in Norman was a 47-game winning streak from 1953 to 1957, an NCAA Division I record that still stands today and has only been seriously threatened three times: by Toledo ( 35 wins, 1969 – 1971 ), Miami ( FL ) ( 34 wins, 2000 – 2003 ), and USC ( 34 wins, 2003 – 2005 ).

Donald Knuth notes that Hans Peter Luhn of IBM appears to have been the first to use the concept, in a memo dated January 1953, and that Robert Morris used the term in a survey paper in CACM which elevated the term from technical jargon to formal terminology.

He enjoyed good relationships with union leaders like Albert Monk, President of the Australian Council of Trade Unions, and Jim Healy, leader of the radical Waterside Workers Federation and he gained a reputation for tolerance, restraint and a willingness to compromise, although his controversial decision to use troops to take control of cargo facilities during a waterside dispute in Bowen, Queensland in September 1953 provoked bitter criticism.

Columbium ( symbol Cb ) was the name originally given to this element by Hatchett, and this name remained in use in American journals — the last paper published by American Chemical Society with columbium in its title dates from 1953 — while niobium was used in Europe.

Later on, in 1953 and 1958, the happy face was used in promotional campaigns for motion pictures Lili and Gigi, respectively. First use of happy face in a campaign for the film Lili in 1953.

In 1953 AA gave permission for Narcotics Anonymous to use its Steps and Traditions.

By 1932, the Great Depression had forced studios to cut back on needless expense and it was not until 1953 that wider aspect ratios were again used in an attempt to stop the fall in attendance due, partially, to the emergence of television in the U. S. However, a few producers and directors, among them Alfred Hitchcock, have been reluctant to use the anamorphic widescreen size featured in such formats as Cinemascope.

The League also condemned the 1953 comedy The Moon Is Blue, based on a Broadway play which did not inspire mass protests, for its use of the words " virgin " and " pregnant ", and the film was notably released without the Production Code Seal of Approval.

Headed by Sidney Gottlieb, the MKUltra project was started on the order of CIA director Allen Welsh Dulles on April 13, 1953 .< ref > Church Committee ; p. 390 " MKUltra was approved by the DCI < nowiki > of Central Intelligence on April 13, 1953 "</ ref > Its remit was to develop mind-controlling drugs for use against the Soviet bloc, largely in response to alleged Soviet, Chinese, and North Korean use of mind control techniques on U. S. prisoners of war in Korea.

Because MKUltra records were destroyed, it is impossible to reconstruct the operational use of MKUltra materials by the CIA overseas ; it has been determined that the use of these materials abroad began in 1953, and possibly as early as 1950.

* The Virgin of Zesh ( 1953 )-Krishna novel noted for the early use ( for science fiction ) of a strong female protagonist and a possible influence on Daniel Keyes's Flowers for Algernon

The question of whether numbering for British monarchs is based on previous English or Scottish monarchs was raised in 1953 when Scottish nationalists challenged the Queen's use of " Elizabeth II ", on the grounds that there had never been an " Elizabeth I " in Scotland.

It was approved by the USA Food and Drug Administration in 1953 for use in seizures.

Silver City Bristol 170 in RAF markings during 1953 for use on freight flights to and through the Suez Canal Zone

His book Complex Analysis ( 1953 ) is the classic text on the subject and is almost certainly referenced in any more recent text which makes heavy use of complex analysis.

Public use of the word " Aqualung ", and public interest in Aqualungs and scuba diving, were started around 1953 in English-speaking counties by a National Geographical Society Magazine article about Cousteau's underwater archaeological expedition to Grand Congloué.

In the 1953 floods the sea covered the whole area around Sandwich and after these fields were drained a new river bank was created and the land ploughed for arable farming with heavy use of fertiliser.

In the United Kingdom, " any article made or adapted for use for causing injury to the person, or intended by the person having it with him for such use " is defined as an offensive weapon under the Prevention of Crime Act 1953 thus potentially including a yawara stick.