In the year AD 381, Pope Timothy I of Alexandria presided over the second ecumenical council known as the Ecumenical Council of Constantinople, to judge Macedonious, who denied the Divinity of the Holy Spirit.

The following table, which indicates by brackets the portions of the 325 text that were omitted or moved in 381, and uses italics to indicate what phrases, absent in the 325 text, were added in 381, juxtaposes the earlier ( 325 AD ) and later ( 381 AD ) forms of this Creed in the English translation given in Schaff's work, Creeds of Christendom.

Oriental Orthodoxy refers to the churches of Eastern Christian tradition that keep the faith of the first three Ecumenical Councils of the undivided Church: the First Council of Nicaea ( AD 325 ), the First Council of Constantinople ( 381 ) and the Council of Ephesus ( 431 ), and rejected the dogmatic definitions of the Council of Chalcedon ( 451 ).

The only doctrinal documents agreed upon in the Anglican Communion are the Apostles ' Creed, the Nicene Creed of AD 381, and the Chicago-Lambeth Quadrilateral.

This era begins with the First Council of Nicaea, which enunciated the Nicene Creed that in its original form and as modified by the First Council of Constantinople of 381 AD was seen as the touchstone of orthodoxy on the doctrine of the Trinity.

The doctrine of the Trinity was finalized at the Council of Constantinople in 381 AD which expressly included the Holy Ghost as equal to the Father and the Son.

Nectarius ( died 397 or 398 ) was the archbishop of Constantinople from AD 381 until his death, the successor to Saint Gregory Nazianzus.

Zosimus, a Byzantine chronicler writing around AD 500, records an invasion of Rome's Danubian provinces in 381 by a barbarian coalition of Huns, Scirii and Karpodakai (" Carpo-Dacians ").

The basic creeds of the CNI are the Apostle's Creed and the Nicene Creed of 381 AD.

* Nicene Creed ( 325 / 381 AD )

He was present at the Ecumenical Council of Constantinople in 381 AD, and on the death of Meletius of Antioch took part in Flavian's ordination to the See of Antioch, by whom he was afterwards sent to the Pope in order to heal the schism between the churches of the West and Antioch.

The Jewish people still await the Messiah's first coming, while Christians await his second coming, when they believe he will fulfill those parts of Messianic prophecy left unfulfilled in the first century AD.

Due to the Gregorian calendar's obvious connotations of Western Christianity, non-Christians and even some Christians sometimes replace the traditional era notations " AD " and " BC " (" Anno Domini " and " Before Christ ") with " CE " and " BCE " (" Common Era " and " Before Common Era ").

As far back as the early 2nd century, there is evidence that the codex — usually of papyrus — was the preferred format among Christians: in the library of the Villa of the Papyri, Herculaneum ( buried in AD 79 ), all the texts ( Greek literature ) are scrolls ( see Herculaneum papyri ); in the Nag Hammadi " library ", secreted about AD 390, all the texts ( Gnostic Christian ) are codices.

Early Christendom would close at the end of imperial persecution of Christians after the ascension of Constantine the Great and the Edict of Milan in AD 313 and the First Council of Nicaea in 325.

The site was abandoned for almost 100 years, until Christians started to settle permanently in the area: they established the small town of Kastri in about AD 600.

Claudius died around the year AD 54, and his successor, Emperor Nero, allowed the Jews back into Rome, but then, after the Great Fire of Rome of 64, persecuted the Christians.

While the Roman church was presumably founded by Jewish Christians, the exile of Jews from Rome in AD 49 by Claudius resulted in Gentile Christians taking leadership positions.

Elliott sees this as grounds to reject the idea that the epistle refers to official persecution, because the first worldwide persecution of Christians officially meted by Rome did not occur until the persecution initiated by Decius in AD 250.

In Pliny's letter, written in AD 112, he asks Trajan if the accused Christians brought before him should be punished based on the name ‘ Christian ’ alone, or for crimes associated with the name.

The Emperor Diocletian is said to have made Florentia the seat of a bishopric around the beginning of the 4th century AD, but this seems improbable as Diocletian was a notable persecutor of Christians.

After 750 AD, Muslims had these Syrian Christians make the first translations of Galen into Arabic.

The Roman persecution of Christians ended in AD 313 under the reign of Constantine the Great, who in 325 prompted the First Council of Nicaea, the beginning of the period of the First seven Ecumenical Councils.

The second explanation is that during the gap between the writing of the Jewish Wars ( c. 70 AD ) and Antiquities ( after 90 AD ) Christians had become more important in Rome and were hence given attention in the Antiquities.

Christianity emerged early in the first century AD as a movement among Jews ( Jewish Christians ) and their Gentile converts ( sometimes called Godfearers ) who believed that Jesus is the Christ or Messiah.

For example, the Gnostic writings of Valentinus come from the 2nd century AD, and these Christians were regarded as heretics by the mainstream church.

The passage is also of historical value in establishing three separate facts about Rome around AD 60: ( i ) that there were a sizable number of Christians in Rome at the time, ( ii ) that it was possible to distinguish between Christians and Jews in Rome, and ( iii ) that at the time pagans made a connection between Christianity in Rome and its origin in Judea.

Writing to the Christians of Smyrna, in about AD 106, Saint Ignatius warned them to " stand aloof from such heretics ", because, among other reasons, " they abstain from the Eucharist and from prayer, because they confess not the Eucharist to be the flesh of our Savior Jesus Christ, which suffered for our sins, and which the Father, of His goodness, raised up again.

Roman rulers began to persecute the new sect almost immediately ( the emperor Nero accused the Christians of starting the fires that destroyed much of Rome in 64 AD ), and would continue to do so for centuries, sometimes vigorously, and other times passively.

According to the Nuremberg Chronicle of 1493 AD, the emperor martyred the Roman priest during a general persecution of Christians.

The last remnants of the Mysteries were wiped out in 396 AD, when Alaric, King of the Goths, invaded accompanied by Christians " in their dark garments ", bringing Arian Christianity and desecrating the old sacred sites.

In the Kaliyuga year 3784 ( 683 AD ) the old aged Poovanthicholan requested the Vaishyas youngsters to do the coronation ceremony for his son Rajaboosanacholan.

Acknowledgment of receipt ( equivalent terms include avis de réception ( UPU term ), Aviso de Recibo, advice of receipt, advice of delivery ( UK and much of the Commonwealth ), return receipt requested / required / wanted / demanded ( US ), Rückschein ( Germany ), ricevuta di ritorno ( Italy ), zwrotne potwierdzenie odbioru ( Poland ), and many others ; the standard abbreviations are AR and AD ) is a postal service which returns to the sender of a letter ( usually registered ; in the case of a parcel, it may be insured ) a form or card signed by the recipient.

The Oracle continued until it was closed by emperor Theodosius I in AD 395.

The temple survived until 390 AD, when the Christian emperor Theodosius I silenced the oracle by destroying the temple and most of the statues and works of art in the name of Christianity.

In 325 AD Constantine I abolished the system and restored single emperor rule, but following the death of Theodosius in 395 AD, the empire returned to the system of co-emperors, each with primary authority for half the empire.

In AD 393 the Emperor Theodosius abolished the Olympic Games, which by then had become corrupt, and gymnastics, along with other sports, declined.

This was shortly after the Roman Emperor Theodosius I had issued a decree of death for Manichaeans in AD 382 and shortly before he declared Christianity to be the only legitimate religion for the Roman Empire in 391.

" This Oracle's last recorded response was given in 393 AD, when the emperor Theodosius I ordered pagan temples to cease operation.

The temple it originally came from was probably closed around AD 392 when Eastern Roman emperor Theodosius I ordered the closing of all non-Christian temples of worship.

The Roman emperor Theodosius I closed the sanctuaries by decree in 392 AD.

The last recorded response was given during AD 393, when the emperor Theodosius I ordered pagan temples to cease operation.

It remained in use " apparently for decades after the edicts of Theodosius in 391 and 392 AD outlawing paganism ".

In Christian tradition there is the well-known story of " The Seven Sleepers of Ephesus ", recounting a group of early Christians who hid in a cave about 250 AD, to escape the persecution of Christians during the reign of the Roman emperor Decius, fell into a miraculous sleep and woke some 200 years later during the reign of Theodosius II, to discover that the city and the whole Empire had become Christian.

Early in the fifth century AD Claudian, in his poem, On the Fourth Consulship of the Emperor Honorius, Book VIII, rhapsodizes on the conquests of the emperor Theodosius I, declaring that the Orcades ran red with Saxon slaughter ; Thule was warm with the blood of Picts ; ice-bound Hibernia wept for the heaps of slain Scots.

In 447 AD he consecrated Irenaeus to the see of Tyre ( Theodoret, Epistle 110 ); but emperor Theodosius II, commanded that the appointment should be annulled on the grounds that Irenaeus was both a digamus and a supporter of Nestorianism.

In 394 AD, emperor Theodosius I abolished them as they were then considered reminiscent of paganism.

Despite the destruction the Olympic festival continued to be held at the site until the last Olympiad in 393 AD, after which a decree from the Christian emperor, Theodosius I implemented a ban.

The Seven Sleepers were included in the Golden Legend compilation, the most popular book of the later Middle Ages, which fixed a precise date for their resurrection, 378 AD, in the reign of Theodosius.

The exact dates of their alleged sleep are also not given in the Qur ' an ; some allege that they entered the cave at the time of Decius ( 250 AD ) and they woke up at the time of Theodosius I ( 378 – 395 ) or Theodosius II ( 408 – 450 ), but neither of these dates can be reconciled with the Qur ' an's account of sleeping 300 or 309 years.

* Roman civil war of 387 – 388 AD, between Theodosius I and Magnus Maximus-victory to Theodosius I.

* Roman civil war of 394 AD, between Theodosius I and Arbogast-victory to Theodosius I.

It was last rebuilt in 191 AD on the orders of Julia Domna, the wife of the emperor Septimius Severus, The rites of Vesta ended in 394 by order of Theodosius I.