Although antifuse OTP has been available for decades, it wasn ’ t available in standard CMOS until 2001 when Kilopass Technology Inc. patented 1T, 2T, and 3. 5T antifuse bit cell technologies using a standard CMOS process, enabling integration of PROM into logic CMOS chips.

A similar device called a PEEL ( programmable electrically erasable logic ) was introduced by the International CMOS Technology ( ICT ) corporation.

ICT ( International CMOS Technology ) introduced the PEEL 18CV8 in 1986.

J. Lexau, X. Zheng, J. Bergey, A. Krishnamoorthy, R. Ho, R. Drost, J. Cunningham, “ CMOS Integration of Capacitive, Optical, and Electrical Interconnects ,” Proceedings of the International Interconnect Technology Conference, June 2007.

As of December, 2004, the Kumamoto Technology Center is a planned facility for manufacturing complementary metal oxide semiconductor ( CMOS ) components for camera phones.

The Western Design Center WDC 65C02 microprocessor is an upgraded CMOS version of the popular NMOS-based MOS Technology 6502 8-bit CPU — the CMOS redesign being made by Bill Mensch of the Western Design Center ( WDC ).

The HuC6280 8-bit microprocessor is Japanese company Hudson Soft's improved version of the WDC 65C02 CPU, an upgraded CMOS version of the popular NMOS-based MOS Technology 6502 8-bit CPU.

For example, there are CMOS operational amplifier ICs available in the market.

Although the 7400 series was the first de facto industry standard TTL logic family to be second-sourced by several semiconductor companies, there were earlier TTL logic families such as the Sylvania SUHL ( Sylvania Universal High-level Logic ) family, Motorola MC4000 MTTL family ( not to be confused with RCA CD4000 CMOS ), the National Semiconductor DM8000 family, Fairchild 9300 series, and the Signetics 8200 family.

* Angle-sensitive pixels are CMOS devices that relate angle information about the incident light field

The vast majority of all diodes are the p – n diodes found in CMOS integrated circuits, which include two diodes per pin and many other internal diodes.

* CMOS op-amps ( such as the CA3140E ) provide extremely high input resistances, higher than JFET-input op-amps, which are normally higher than bipolar-input op-amps.

The low-performance " lateral " bipolar transistors sometimes used in CMOS processes are sometimes designed symmetrically, that is, with no difference between forward and backward operation.

Two important characteristics of CMOS devices are high noise immunity and low static power consumption.

Although CMOS logic can be implemented with discrete devices for demonstrations, commercial CMOS products are integrated circuits composed of up to millions of transistors of both types on a rectangular piece of silicon of between 10 and 400mm < sup > 2 </ sup >.

CMOS circuits are constructed in such a way that all PMOS transistors must have either an input from the voltage source or from another PMOS transistor.

The power supplies for CMOS are called V < sub > DD </ sub > and V < sub > SS </ sub >, or V < sub > CC </ sub > and Ground ( GND ) depending on the manufacturer.

These do not apply directly to CMOS since both supplies are really source supplies.

V < sub > CC </ sub > and Ground are carryovers from TTL logic and that nomenclature has been retained with the introduction of the 54C / 74C line of CMOS.

An advantage of CMOS over NMOS is that both low-to-high and high-to-low output transitions are fast since the pull-up transistors have low resistance when switched on, unlike the load resistors in NMOS logic.

The CMOS transistors ( devices ) are formed by the intersection of the polysilicon and diffusion ; N diffusion for the N device & P diffusion for the P device ( illustrated in salmon and yellow coloring respectively ).

Static CMOS gates are very power efficient because they dissipate nearly zero power when idle.

:* Charging and discharging of load capacitances. CMOS circuits dissipate power by charging the various load capacitances ( mostly gate and wire capacitance, but also drain and some source capacitances ) whenever they are switched.

Multiply by the switching frequency on the load capacitances to get the current used, and multiply by voltage again to get the characteristic switching power dissipated by a CMOS device:. Since most gates do not operate / switch at every clock cycle, they are often accompanied by a factor, called the activity factor.

* Electric and Magic are open-source software often used to lay out CMOS circuits.

The 80C537 and 80C517 are CMOS versions, designed for the automotive industry.

Mostly, these are manual focus cameras and containing old CCD panel instead of comparatively newer CMOS panels.

There are also filters which are used in solid state ( CCD or CMOS ) video cameras to block IR due to the high sensitivity of many camera sensors to near-infrared light.

In CMOS circuits, gate capacitances are charged and uncharged continually.

Jumper blocks and jumpers are also often used on motherboards to clear the CMOS information, resetting the BIOS configuration settings.

They are also suitable for electrostatic discharge ( ESD ) protection of sensitive devices such as III-V-semiconductor devices, laser diodes and, to a lesser extent, exposed lines of CMOS circuitry.

Digital cameras use photosensitive electronics, either charge-coupled device ( CCD ) or complementary metal – oxide – semiconductor ( CMOS ) image sensors, consisting of a large number of single sensor elements, each of which records a measured intensity level.

A number of advances in CMOS technology by many workers in the semiconductor field since the work of Wanlass have enabled the extremely dense and high-performance ICs that the industry makes today.

The Hitachi 6301 processor is an enhanced development based on the Motorola 6801 implemented in CMOS, with a number of extra instructions, various hardware system-on-single chip facilities on-chip, power management and support for a sleep state.

* LBCAST divides the photosites to be read out into two channels by colour, red and blue photosites — making up 50 % of the total number of photosites between them, as in CMOS and CCD colour sensors — accumulate using one read-channel, while green photosites — which make up the other 50 % of total pixels, as in CMOS and CCD — accumulate in a dedicated channel.

The 65C02, in addition to being implemented in CMOS circuit technology that reduced power consumption and improved noise immunity, added some new instructions and corrected a number of defects that were present in the NMOS 6502.

Bipolar devices are also limited to a fixed power supply voltage, typically 5 V, while CMOS parts often support a range of supply voltages.

Bipolar junction transistors offer high speed, high gain, and low output resistance, which are excellent properties for high-frequency analog amplifiers, whereas CMOS technology offers high input resistance and is excellent for constructing simple, low-power logic gates.

Bipolar devices on silicon tend to show changes in electrical parameters at levels of 10 < sup > 10 </ sup > to 10 < sup > 11 </ sup > neutrons / cm², CMOS devices aren't affected until 10 < sup > 15 </ sup > neutrons / cm².

** Bipolar integrated circuits generally have higher radiation tolerance than CMOS circuits.

Microdigital did some reverse engineering to develop a CMOS integrated circuit ( IC ) with similar functionality to the original Bipolar IC ULA from Sinclair / Ferranti.