Spanish also transported African slaves and forcedly migrated many indigenous tribes throughout Colombia.

Under a federalist constitution that was later brought up in 1858 ( and another one in 1863 ), Panama and other constituent states gained almost complete autonomy on many levels of their administration, which led to an often anarchic national state of affairs that lasted roughly until Colombia's return to centralism in 1886 with the establishment of a new Republic of Colombia.

He has argued that the alternatives for many children in Colombia are worse, including prostitution and exploitative work in mines and coca production.

By 2007, there had been an increase in the number of drug cartels, many from Colombia, using Sierra Leone as a base to ship drugs on to Europe.

Facebook has gained nationwide popularity and has become the birthplace of many civil movements against narcoterrorism such as " Colombia Soy Yo " ( I am Colombia ) or " Fundación Un Millón de Voces " ( One Million Voices Foundation ), responsible for the international protests against illegal groups during the last years.

Various forms of pyramid schemes are illegal in many countries including Albania, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, the Dominican Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Nepal, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Prostitution is legal in many countries including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, France, Germany, Greece, Mexico, Italy, Israel and others in one form or another.

Regarding his immigration policy for Colombia, he viewed the immigration of North-Americans and Europeans as necessary, ( except for the Spanish, who were expelled ) for improving the country's economy, arts, and sciences, following the steps of the Latin-American criollo elites, who accepted without questions many of the evolutionist, social, and racial theories of their time.

In many countries with a strong Christian tradition such as Australia, Bermuda, Brazil, Canada, the countries of the Caribbean, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Finland, Germany, Malta, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, the Philippines, Singapore, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and Venezuela, the day is observed as a public or federal holiday.

By 1994, Air Atlanta Icelandic had obtained rights to operate service from many other international countries, including the United States, from where it had a flight to Colombia ; and the Philippines, from where it was allowed to operate domestic charter flights.

Antioquia has been part of many territorial divisions of former countries created over the present day territory of Colombia, and prior to the Colombian Constitution of 1886, Antioquia State was a sovereign government in their own right.

The most accepted explanation is that the name for the, then Syrian ( now Turkish ), Hellenistic city of Antioch on the Orontes ( Arabic: Antākiyyah, today Antakya ) was used, as the region known as the Coffee Zone in Colombia, in which many towns and cities are named after cities in the middle east, has a very strong Judeo-Arabic influence, both demographically and culturally ; Additionally the city in mention played a significant role in the development of early Christian communities thus religiously important for Roman Catholic Spaniard conquerors.

As in the American Southwest, in the department of Antioquia, Colombia, as well as in the greater Paisa region, many families also hold traditions and oral accounts of Jewish descent.

Countries that have experienced a fertility decline of over 40 % from their pre-transition levels include: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Panama, Jamaica, Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Surinam, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Lebanon, South Africa, India, Saudi Arabia, and many Pacific islands.

These companies are also running some malls in many countries like Argentina, Chile, Peru and Colombia.

In the 50s they recorded what many people consider to be the first cumbia recorded outside of Colombia, La Cumbia Cienaguera.

As of October, 2008 some remaining TSPS and ESS installations continue to provide telephone service in rural areas of the United States, as well as Mexico and Colombia where many U. S. systems were sold and re-installed after being removed from service in the United States.

The feast of the Assumption on August 15 is a public holiday in many countries, including Austria, Belgium, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Ecuador, France, Germany ( Bavaria and Saarland only ), Greece, Lebanon, Lithuania, Italy, Malta, Mauritius, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Senegal, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland ( 8 cantons only ) and Vanuatu.

The Solemnity of the Assumption on August 15 is a public holiday in many countries, including Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chile, Republic of Congo, Côte d ' Ivoire, Croatia, Colombia, Cyprus, East Timor, France, Gabon, Greece, Republic of Guinea, Haiti, Italy, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malta, Mauritius, Republic of Moldova, Monaco, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Tahiti, Togo, and Vanuatu.

DVB-T has been adopted or proposed for digital television broadcasting by many countries ( see map ), using mainly VHF 7 MHz and UHF 8 MHz channels whereas Taiwan, Colombia, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago and the Philippines use 6 MHz channels.

In 1971 Santiago de Cali hosted the Pan American Games, an event which is considered by many as the height of the city's golden age as a model of civic orderliness: after it Cali was named the Sports Capital of Colombia.

In many countries, including Australia, India, Philippines, Brazil, Croatia and Colombia, a minor is defined as a person under the age of 18.

Expansion continued during the 1990s, when service was started to Buenos Aires, Argentina ; Santiago, Chile ; Bogotá, Colombia ; Havana, Cuba ; Guayaquil, Ecuador ; Lima, Peru ; Mexico City, Mexico ; Caracas, Venezuela ; and many other important Latin American cities.

In the late 1980s, Pablo Escobar kept four hippos in a private menagerie at his residence in Hacienda Napoles, 100 km east of Medellín, Colombia, after buying them in New Orleans.

* Colombia: Alfonso López Pumarejo ( 1934 – 1938 ) passed the Law 200 of 1936, which allowed for the expropriation of private properties, in order to promote " social interest ".

* Colombia Gimnasio Campestre ( all-male, traditional and conservative Pre-K to 11th grade private school located in Bogotá, Colombia ).

In 1899, he joined the private army of Cipriano Castro, with whom he had been friends since Castro's exile in Colombia.

* RCN TV, ( Radio Cadena Nacional ) a private television network in Colombia affiliated with RCN Radio

In the event, the National Liberation Army of Colombia resumed financing its military operations by means of kidnap for ransom and the extortion of money from Colombian and foreign petroleum companies, and by taxation of the private, Illegal drug trade of Colombia.

The University of Los Andes (), is a coeducational, nonsectarian private university located in city center Bogotá, Colombia.

She has been consultant and lecturer in private companies and business events and has advised various industry associations, Ministries and Councils of Industry or Science and Technology, R & D institutes and development banks in Latin America ( Venezuela, Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Uruguay, Argentina, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Brazil ) and other regions ( Canada, Norway, Estonia ).

While living in Colombia for over half a century, Reichel-Dolmatoff provided his professional services to the national and departmental governments, and as university professor, researcher and author to public and private universities.

In Algeria, Colombia, Germany, Italy, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Poland and South Africa less than half the population is served by private companies.

Santo Domingo owns homes in New York City, in Paris, Barú, a private island he owns off Cartagena, Colombia,

* Colegio Gran Bretaña, a private international school in Bogotá, Colombia

In the 1990s, prior to becoming a private channel, it, RCN, Producciones PUNCH, Producciones JES, RTI and Datos y Mensajes were the members of OTI Colombia, the group with the license to air the Olympic Games and World Cup.

The general managers or directors of the National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia do not just function as business managers or administrators, given the fact that in furtherance of their normal business activities in running efficiently and effectively a private enterprise, they actively participate in the formulation and implementation of national policy for the coffee industry and they may substantially influence the macro-economic policy of the country.

Castro lived in Colombia for seven years, amassing a fortune in illegal cattle trading and recruiting a private army.

In 1948, upon graduating from Columbia, he returned to Colombia and dedicated himself to the creation of a private secular institution of higher learning in Bogotá.

The hospital was owned by a foundation, and after the restructuring of the medical system in Colombia to a universal private insurance capitated system, the hospital became financially insolvent because it stopped receiving direct state support.

In the private sector Canales has served as chief executive officer and vice president of IMSA and as a member of the board in several companies in the United States, Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina, Chile and Mexico.

Prior to his post as Ambassador, Moreno served a distinguished career in both the public and private sectors in Colombia.

Colegio Nueva Granada, is a bilingual private primary, elementary, middle and high school in Bogotá, Colombia

Pretelt married fellow Colombian economist Ana Luisa de Zubiría on September 11, 2006, the private ceremony took place in the home of his sister Mercé Pretelt de la Vega, and the godparents were President of Fedegán José Félix Lafaurie and the Attorney General of Colombia Mario Germán Iguarán Arana, the nupcials were hastened due to Pretelt's diplomatic appointment in Italy and left that same day to Rome.

Mr Pretelt had a successful career in the private sector, both as entrepreneur and President of the National Council of Entrepreneurs, a coordinating body of all the private sector organizations in Colombia.