Another unofficial goal of ECA ( and of the Marshall Plan ) was the containment of growing Soviet influence in Europe, evident especially in the growing strength of communist parties in Czechoslovakia, France, and Italy.

From May 1682, when Louis XIV moved the court and government permanently to Versailles, until his death in September 1715, Versailles was the unofficial capital of the kingdom of France.

Versailles was again the unofficial capital of France from June 1722, when Louis XV returned to Versailles, until October 1789, when a Parisian mob forced Louis XVI and the royal family to move to Paris.

Versailles again became the unofficial capital of France from March 1871, when Adolphe Thiers ' government took refuge in Versailles, fleeing the insurrection of the Paris Commune, until November 1879, when the newly-elected government and parliament returned to Paris.

* March 29 – Samuel de Champlain becomes the first unofficial Governor of New France.

For instance, in 1997, Lionel Jospin's government began using the feminine noun " la ministre " to refer to a female minister, following the official practice of Canada, Belgium and Switzerland and a common, though until then unofficial, practice in France.

One of the first examples was the unofficial use of the title " grand duke " by the dukes of Burgundy during the 15th century, when they ruled a vast tract of modern day eastern France as well as most of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg.

Charles agreed, in principle, to the first three points and wrote a letter dated 25 March 1917, to Sixtus giving " the secret and unofficial message that I will use all means and all my personal influence " to the President of France.

The English language version has topped the bestseller list in France, while in Germany and the Netherlands an unofficial distributed translation process has been started on the Internet.

He has been portrayed on film three times: in the 1951 film Sirocco ( dealing with the Syrian insurrection against France ), by Jeff Corey ; David Lean's epic Lawrence of Arabia ( 1962 ), played by Alec Guinness, and in the unofficial sequel to Lawrence, A Dangerous Man: Lawrence After Arabia ( 1990 ) by Alexander Siddig.

The Group of Seven ( G7 ) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada starting in 1976.

The G8 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States.

This, coupled with Jules Ferry's policy less than a century later, led to the weakening of most unofficial languages in France, all of them being subsequently banned from public documents, administration and school.

The Jacobin Club ruled France during the Reign of Terror ( 1793 – 1794 ) and made the red flag an unofficial national emblem.

The South Africans crossed the channel to play an unofficial match against a ' France ' team drawn from the two Parisian clubs: Stade Français and Racing Club de France.

Holmes is a strong supporter of European nationalism and has stated: " I have contacts with people all over Europe: Austria, Italy, France, Germany, Spain, Greece, Serbia, but none of these are official contacts, we have unofficial contacts, yes, we support any European nationalist party " He has also been highly critical of the British National Party ( BNP ), claiming that they are no longer truly white nationalists and condemning them for having a Sikh columnist in the party newspaper.

France has been criticized for continuous paternalistic policy of Françafrique, a network of unofficial political and commercial engagements with political and business leaders in Africa for various economic gains.

Francs-tireurs were an outgrowth of rifle clubs or unofficial military societies formed in the east of France at the time of the Luxembourg crisis of 1867 ( see History of Luxembourg ).

Today it could be called the unofficial anthem of the French city Lille, and more generally of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France.

During World War I, on December 24, 1914, there was an unofficial ceasefire as France, the United Kingdom, and Germany observed Christmas.

Throughout the spring and early summer of 1938, Bonnet refused to apply pressure through official channels and instead used unofficial emissaries to carry the message that France might not go to war in the event of a German invasion, leading Prague to place more assurance on French statements of public support that was warranted.

In early January 1939, Bonnet and Daladier approved of the idea of sending the banker Paul Baudoin as an unofficial diplomat to find out just what exactly the Italians wanted from France.

In 1906 teams from Great Britain, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands and France withdrew from an unofficial competition and left Denmark, Smyrna ( one Armenian, two Frenchmen and eight Britons ), Athens and Thessaloniki Music Club to compete.

Notable episodes were in England during the English Reformation, and then more severely in the English Civil War, in Flanders in the Beeldenstorm, and in France during the Wars of Religion.

Adapting arguments earlier used for Rutland and Derby, Looney fitted events in the plays to episodes in Oxford's life, including his travels to France and Italy, the settings for many plays.

There was episodes of extreme violence like the killing of Béziers, faced the forces assembled by vassal lords of the Capetian mainly from Ile de France and the north of France, led by Simon de Montfort, against the nobility of Toulouse led by Count Raymond VI of Toulouse and the family Trencavel that, as allies and vassals of the king of Aragon Peter II the Catholic, invoked direct involvement in the conflict at the Aragonese monarch, who was defeated and killed in the course of Battle of Muret in 1213.

The author's military experiences in World War I, his travels to colonial French West Africa, New York, and his return to postwar France all provide episodes within the sprawling narrative.

Almost all the episodes ( the exceptions chiefly being the earlier ones of the first series ) end with one of the characters ( usually Sir Humphrey ) saying " Yes, Minister " or " Yes, Prime Minister " accordingly ( or " Mais oui, Prime Minister ," in " A Diplomatic Incident " which centred on negotiations with the President of France ).

It was partially released in France ( 12 episodes only ) under the title Les Exploits de Diabolos ( The Exploits of Diabolos ).

In France, Jean de la Fontaine used the plots of some of the bawdier episodes for three of his Contes et Nouvelles en vers ( 1665 – 66 ).

This mansion is used throughout of most seasons of the show, with the exceptions of New York City, where Charlie O ' Connell, who had appeared in Sliders with his brother Jerry O ' Connell, lived, where season 7 was filmed ; Paris, France for season 8 ; Rome, Italy for season 9, where Lorenzo Borghese is half-Italian and various locations in the U. S. such as California and Utah for season 16, where Ben Flajnik filmed his season in his hometown for early episodes of that season.

In 1827 he republished his Lettres sur l ' histoire de France, with the addition of fifteen new ones, in which he described some of the more striking episodes in the history of the rise of the medieval communes.

In his reminiscences, Vladimir Kostov, a Bulgarian secret agent who defected to France in 1978, recalls how the powerful minister of internal affairs would suffer nervous episodes before meeting Zhivkov lest his predanost should fail to come across sufficiently expressively.

His tales were disseminated in popular printed editions narrating a string of lightly connected episodes that outlined his picaresque career, primarily in Germany, the Low Countries and France.

The original Maple Town series, created by Chifude Asakura, consisted of 52 half-hour episodes, which aired on TV Asahi in Japan and on several European networks including Italia 1 in Italy, RTL Veronique and BRT1 in Belgium, and FR3 in France.

Australia's take on the show, Aussie Queer Eye for the Straight Guy, premiered on Network Ten in February 2005 but was cancelled after three episodes ; a Spanish version named El equipo G aired on Antena 3 for only a few weeks ; the German equivalent, RTL 2's Schwul macht cool (" Gay makes you cool ") was canceled after six episodes ; Queer, Cinq Experts dans le Vent was shown in France on TF1 for eight episodes in 2004 ; and Esquadrão G, a Portuguese version of the show, was cancelled in Portugal after the end of the first season.

A second series, this time produced in France, premiered in March 2000 and ran for 26 episodes in France's Canal J.

In later episodes however, the action strayed further and further away from Jersey, and was increasingly based in France — introduced in part through a French girlfriend.

The episodes were made in both the UK and France.

The series was dubbed and released in Italy and France, though it was pulled after seven episodes in France, due to strong adult content.

* " Donjons et Dragons ": Published in France, it's a six-books collection that re-tells some of the most popular episodes.

In 1995, TF1 in France had two pilot episodes for a French version shot in the studios of GTV9 in Melbourne, Australia in the same studio and on the same set as the Australian version ( at the time ) with the help of the local French speaking organisation, Alliance Francais De Melbourne.

( Ironically, these episodes will never air in France on the French channel that carries the show, as it was canceled there prior to these episodes airing, but French fans were able to pick them up on satellite channels from Germany ).