Some components of Multics and UNIX, and applications running on them, used suffixes, in some cases, to indicate file types, but they did not use them as much — for example, executables and ordinary text files had no suffixes in their names.

Segmentation and paging can be used together by dividing each segment into pages ; systems with this memory structure, such as Multics and IBM System / 38, are usually paging-predominant, segmentation providing memory protection.

* Paul A. Karger, Roger R. Schell: Years Later: Lessons from the Multics Security Evaluation </ cite >, IBM white paper.

Ken Thompson was very familiar with an earlier editor known as qed from University of California at Berkeley, Ken Thompson's alma mater ; he reimplemented qed on the CTSS and Multics systems, so it is natural that he carried many features of qed forward into ed.

Similar facilities existed on earlier system such as Multics and CTSS Early versions talk did not separate text from each user.

Though the term dates from the 1990s, instant messaging predates the Internet, first appearing on multi-user operating systems like Compatible Time-Sharing System ( CTSS ) and Multiplexed Information and Computing Service ( Multics ) in the mid-1960s.

A number of influences can be seen in its design, for example Multics and ICL's earlier George 3 operating system ; however it was essentially designed from scratch.

It was a Unix version of the runoff text-formatting program from Multics, which was a descendant of RUNOFF for CTSS ( the first computerized text-formatting application ).

Aegis, like Unix, was based on concepts from the Multics time sharing operating system.

The hardware originally had much in common with Multics hardware, so much so that some mainframe equipment could be switched from " GCOS mode " to " Multics mode " with the turn of a dial.

* William D. Mathews from MIT found a vulnerability in a Multics CTSS running on an IBM 7094.

The current V-Series server line runs the VOS operating system, which originally had many features inspired by or derived from Multics.

Bob Morris and Doug McIlroy translated that from MAD assembler to BCPL ; they then moved the BCPL version to Multics when the IBM 7094 on which CTSS ran was being shut down.

VOS inherited access control lists from Multics and also implements directory access control lists.

In 1968, he received his Master's and Engineer's degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he worked on the I / O architecture of Multics under Jerry Saltzer.

It is possible that its name may be based on Bon, an earlier but unrelated, and rather different, programming language that Thompson designed for use on Multics.

* 2000 – The last Multics machine is shut down.

Bell and LaPadula integrated Denning's concept into their landmark MITRE technical report — entitled, Secure Computer System: Unified Exposition and Multics Interpretation — whereby labels attached to objects represented the sensitivity of data contained within the object ( though there can be, and often is, a subtle semantic difference between the sensitivity of the data within the object and the sensitivity of the object itself )), while labels attached to subjects represented the trustworthiness of the user executing the subject.

The concept is similar to the " rings of protection " in Multics.

RUNOFF is a direct predecessor of the runoff document formatting program of Multics, which in turn was the ancestor of the roff and nroff document formatting programs of Unix, and their descendants.

Virtual memory is divided into segments of arbitrary size reminiscent of Multics segments, and a second level of address translation converts pure virtual addresses to pageable addresses, which are then converted to real addresses in main memory or backing store.

* F. J. Corbató, V. A. Vyssotsky, Introduction and Overview of the Multics System ( AFIPS 1965 ) is a good introduction to Multics

* F. J. Corbató, C. T. Clingen, J. H. Saltzer, Multics -- The First Seven Years ( AFIPS, 1972 ) is an excellent review, after a considerable period of use and improvement

* F. J. Corbató, C. T. Clingen, A Managerial View of the Multics System Development ( Conference on Research Directions in Software Technology, Providence, Rhode Island, 1977 ) is a fascinating look at what it was like to manage such a large software project

* The last Multics machine is shut down.

This division of the kernel into layers was similar in some ways to Multics ' later ring-segmentation model.

Multics Maclisp had a far larger address space, but was expensive to use.

Honeywell wrote MRDS for Multics, and now there are two new implementations: Alphora Dataphor and Rel.

Familiar protection mechanisms such as permission bits ( supported by UNIX since the late 1960s and — in a more flexible and powerful form — by Multics since earlier still ) and access control lists ( ACLs ) are familiar examples of discretionary access controls.

Multics, while not particularly commercially successful in itself, directly inspired Ken Thompson to develop Unix, the direct descendants of which are still in extremely wide use ; it also served as a model for every other subsequent operating system design.

Concerning information processing, DARPA made great progress, initially through its support of the development of time-sharing ( all modern operating systems rely on concepts invented for the Multics system, developed by a cooperation among Bell Labs, General Electric and MIT, which DARPA supported by funding Project MAC at MIT with an initial two-million-dollar grant ).

The Multics version was ported to the GE-600 system used at Bell Labs in the late 1960s under GECOS and later GCOS after Honeywell took over GE's computer business.

Project MAC at MIT, working with GE and BTL, developed Multics, which introduced the concept of ringed security privilege levels.

It was widely used to teach programming at colleges and universities during the 1960s and played a minor role in the development of CTSS, Multics, and the Michigan Terminal System computer operating systems.

: I think that the most fun I had programming was a summer job at Project MAC at MIT in the summer of 1966, where I worked on a program that created a job tape for the brand new GE 645 in the earliest days of Multics.

Multics required a number of additional features in the CPU to be truly effective, and John Couleur was joined by Edward Glaser at MIT to make the required modifications.

The 645 was a modified 635 processor that provided hardware support for the Multics operating system developed at MIT.

Besides MIT, Bell Labs, and GE, GE-645 systems running Multics were installed at the US Air Force Rome Development Center, Honeywell Billerica, and Machines Bull in Paris.

He was actively engaged in the software design of Multics ( Multiplexed Information and Computing Service ), a general purpose operating system used at Bell.

ITS development was initiated in the late 1960s by those ( the majority of the MIT AI Lab at that time ) who disagreed with the direction taken by Project MAC's Multics project ( which had started in the mid 1960s ), particularly such decisions as the inclusion of powerful system security.

After marrying, Gray moved with his wife Loretta to New Jersey, his wife's home state ; she got a job as a teacher and he got one at Bell Labs working on a digital simulation that was to be part of Multics.

The company was started by 7 founders, some of whom worked on the Multics project at MIT.

Pouzin's concepts were later implemented in Multics by Glenda Schroeder at MIT.