In Scandinavia the effect of Roman law did not become apparent until the 17th century, and the courts grew out of the things — the assemblies of the people.

Evangelicalism is a Protestant Christian movement that began in the 17th century and became an organized movement with the emergence around 1730 of the Methodists in England and the Pietists among Lutherans in Germany and Scandinavia.

In 1780 – 89, it reached 421. 50 million livres .< ref > Hoffman, Phillipe and Kathryn Norberg ( 1994 ), < u > Fiscal Crises, Liberty, and Representative Government, 1450-1789 </ u >, p. 238 .</ ref > Taxation as a percentage of production of final goods may have reached 15 %– 20 % during the 17th century in places such as France, the Netherlands, and Scandinavia.

In Scandinavia Thomas Bartholin and Ole Worm, the 17th century Danish scholars and Olaf Rudbeck in Sweden were the first to set the standard for using runic inscriptions and Icelandic Sagas as historical sources.

The Thaler was introduced and became the most widespread currency in Scandinavia under the name daler during the early 17th century.

* A Revolution from Above ; The Power State of 16th and 17th Century Scandinavia ; Editor: Leon Jesperson ; Odense University Press ; Denmark ; 2000

During the 17th century, while Denmark – Norway was solidifying its claim to the northern coast of Scandinavia and during this period a redoubt, Skansen, was built.

It came to Finland from Central Europe via Scandinavia starting in the 17th century, and in the 19th century pelimanni music replaced the Kalevalaic tradition.

Therefore, even more confusingly, the antlers must have been imported from Scandinavia at some point between the 11th and 17th centuries.

In Scandinavia, the salon was introduced in Sweden by Sophia Elisabet Brenner in the end of the 17th century, though the poet Vendela Skytte was already known to have gathered a cultural circle.

Parts of the story related in Þrymskviða remained in the Thor song, a song which is known from Scandinavia and of which there are Swedish accounts from the 17th century to the 19th century.

Both Sweden and Denmark-Norway maintained a number of colonies outside Scandinavia starting in the 17th century lasting until the 20th century.

The use of the terms Portuguese Jews and Jews of the Portuguese nation in some areas ( mainly in the Netherlands and Hamburg / Scandinavia, and at one time in London ) seems to have arisen primarily as a way for the Spanish and Portuguese Jews to distance themselves from Spain in the times of political tension and war between Spain and the Netherlands in the 17th century.

The events described in the poem take place in the late 5th century, after the Anglo-Saxons had begun their migration to England, and before the beginning of the 7th century, a time when the Anglo-Saxon people were either newly arrived or still in close contact with their Germanic kinsmen in Scandinavia and Northern Germany.

It has been suggested that Beowulf was first composed in the 7th century at Rendlesham in East Anglia, as the Sutton Hoo ship-burial also shows close connections with Scandinavia, and also that the East Anglian royal dynasty, the Wuffings, were descendants of the Geatish Wulfings.

Established in the middle of the 8th century and thus being one of the earliest urban settlements in Scandinavia, Birka was the Baltic link in the river and portage route through Ladoga ( Aldeigja ) and Novgorod ( Holmsgard ) to the Byzantine Empire and the Abbasid Califate.

However enough had been taken to England, Scandinavia, Western Europe, and America in the late 19th century for the breed to establish itself outside its native country.

The clavichord was very popular from the 16th century to the 18th century, but mainly flourished in German-speaking lands, Scandinavia, and the Iberian Peninsula in the latter part of this period.

By the 8th century, the common Germanic language of Scandinavia, Proto-Norse, had undergone some changes and evolved into Old Norse.

Prior to that, hunting by local natives can be documented from Late Stone Age Scandinavia and eastern North America, as well as from early 5th century Labrador, where the bird seems to have occurred only as a straggler.

According to Jordanes ’ Getica, written in the mid-6th century, the earliest migrating Goths sailed from Scandza ( Scandinavia ) under King Berig in three ships and named the place at which they landed after themselves.

From southern Scandinavia and northern Germany, the tribes began expanding south, east and west in the 1st century BC, coming into contact with the Celtic tribes of Gaul, as well as Iranian, Baltic, and Slavic tribes in Central Europe.

According to Paul the Deacon's 8th century work Historia Langobardorum, the Langobards migrated southward from Scandinavia led by Ibur and Aio, while Saxo Grammaticus records in his 12th-century work Gesta Danorum that this migration was prompted by Aggi and Ebbi.

In the 15th century the city traded with Scotland, Amsterdam and Scandinavia.

Lutheran teachings became popular during the 16th century, and Malmö was one of the first cities in Scandinavia to fully convert ( 1527 – 29 ).

At the same time, some ethnic nationalist groups began to adopt pagan religions during the 20th century, leading to the rise of forms of Heathenry and Slavic neopaganism, which were centered primarily in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe.

The 19th century saw a surge of interest in Germanic paganism with the Viking revival in Victorian Britain and Scandinavia.

Thule was perhaps actually discovered in the 4th century BC but was lost, and then later reidentified by ancient explorers and geographers as Shetland, Iceland, Scandinavia, or even as nonexistent.

The recusancy in Scandinavia did not survive until freedom of religion was re-established there in the 1800s, with almost all Roman Catholics, throughout the 20th century, being converts or immigrants from other countries.

The terms Scandinavia and Scandinavian entered usage in the 18th century as terms for the three Scandinavian countries, their peoples and associated language and culture, being introduced by the early linguistic and cultural Scandinavist movement.

Hence, the question of which is the largest peninsula in Europe is a debatable one, depending on arbitrary human definitions of where the peninsulas begin — and on which century one chooses to consider: sometimes, Scandinavia as a peninsula has not existed.

Thralldom in Scandinavia was finally abolished in the mid-14th century.

From the 8th to the 11th century, the Vikings and Varangians traded as they sailed from and to Scandinavia.

The Ship as Symbol in Prehistoric and Medieval Scandinavia: Papers from an International Research Seminar at the Danish National Museum, Copenhagen, 5 – 7 May 1994.

The Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses were amongst the works that later spread to the countries of Scandinavia, where, in the Danish and Swedish languages, grimoires were known as ' black books ' and were commonly found amongst members of the army.

Adam of Bremen's claim regarding Otto I and Harald appears to have been inspired by an attempt to manufacture a historical reason for the archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen to claim jurisdiction over Denmark ( and thus the rest of Scandinavia ); in the 1070s, the Danish King was in Rome asking for Denmark to have its own arch-bishop, and Adam's account of Harald's supposed conversion ( and baptism of both him and his " little son " Sweyn, with Otto serving as Sweyn's godfather ) is followed by the unambiguous claim that " At that time Denmark on this side of the sea, which is called Jutland by the inhabitants, was divided into three dioceses and subjected to the bishopric of Hamburg.

With the Christianization of the Danes c. 960 AD, it is clear that there existed a kingship in Scandinavia which controlled roughly the current Danish territory.

Canute's nephew Sweyn Estridson ( 1020 – 74 ) re-established strong royal Danish authority and built a good relationship with Archbishop Adalbert of Hamburg-Bremen — at that time the Archbishop of all of Scandinavia.

Richard North further notes that unusually, sib is personified here and in lines 2599 to 2661, and suggests they may be references to Sif in Danish religion: " Both instances may indicate that the poet of Beowulf was in a position to imagine a sixth-century Scandinavia on the basis of his knowledge of contemporary Danish legends.

From 1910 to 1920, the Castro was known as " Little Scandinavia " because of the number of people of Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, and Finnish ancestry who lived there.

Several other songs on the album, " Vanlose Stairway ", " She Gives Me Religion ", and the instrumental, " Scandinavia " show the presence of a new personal muse in his life: a Danish public relations agent, who would share Morrison's spiritual interests and serve as a steadying influence on him throughout most of the 1980s.

Performed by the Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Erik Tuxen at the 1950 Edinburgh International Festival, it caused a sensation, inspiring interest in Nielsen's music outside Scandinavia.

The counterparts of English " mayor " are thus in Germany, the Netherlands and Scandinavia as follows: German Bürgermeister, Dutch burgemeester ; French-speaking parts of Belgium bourgmestre ; Luxemburgish buergermeeschter ; Estonian bürgermeister ( a German loan word, pronounced pürjermeister ); Swedish borgmästare ; Norwegian borgermester ; Danish borgmester ; Icelandic borgarstjóri ( in a city, i. e. Reykjavík ) and bæjarstjóri ( of a town ); and Faroese borgarstjóri.

To this day however, in Germany, Austria, Scandinavia, and France, the words Walzer ( German for " waltz "), vals ( Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish for " waltz "), and valse ( French for " waltz ") still implicitly refer to the original dance and not the slow waltz.

This name is a cognate to the word still used throughout Scandinavia, such as Swedish " Skärtorsdag ", Danish " Skærtorsdag ", Norwegian " Skjærtorsdag ", Faroese " Skírhósdagur " and " Skírisdagur " and Icelandic " Skírdagur ".

Other important trot racing arenas in Scandinavia are Åby outside Göteborg, Mantorp, Axevalla, Bergsåker, Boden ( almost at the polar circle ) and Charlottenlund in Danish capital Copenhagen.

Although a ' college engineer ' ( högskoleingenjör, diplomingenjör / mellaningenjör ( Swedish ), høgskoleingeniør ( Norwegian ), diplomingeniør ( Danish )) is roughly equivalent to a Bachelor of Science in Scandinavia, to become a ' civil engineer ' one often has had to do up to one extra year of overlapping studies compared to attaining a B. Sc ./ M. Sc.

Sterling Airlines traces its history back to 1962, when Eilif Krogager, founder of Danish travel agency Tjæreborg ( today part of MyTravel Group ), started the charter airline Sterling Airways with two Douglas DC-6B bought from Swissair, in order to better service his own package tours from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean.

In addition to this, the Danish Council of the Realm was more inclined to a potential union and alliance with Norway, largely because of anti-German sentiments within the Council, and the general reluctance to have a second German ruler in Scandinavia.

The Viking expeditions to England were usually led by the Danish kings, but they were composed of warriors from all over Scandinavia, and they eventually brought home more than 100 tonnes of silver.

The television cult also caught on in Scandinavia and Dinner for One has been a hugely popular permanent, mandatory institution on Danish, Finnish and Swedish television on New Year's Eve for many years, as well in Belgium in the original version.

There are places all over Scandinavia, associated with this legend such as Asige in the former Danish ( presently Swedish ) province of Halland, which borders Götaland, where there are two large menhirs called Hagbard's gallows.

DSB, an abbreviation of Danske Statsbaner ( Danish State Railways ), is the largest Danish train operating company, and the largest in Scandinavia.

In Scandinavia there are surviving early attestations in the Proto-Norse form gudija from the Norwegian Nordhuglo runestone ( Rundata N KJ65 U ), and in the later Old Norse form goði from two Danish runestones, the Glavendrup stone ( DR 209 ) and the Helnæs Runestone ( DR 190 ).