The tendency, initially known as the " Glasgow Socialist Society ," took over publication of James Connolly's newspaper, The Socialist, in Scotland in 1902.

In Billy Connolly's World Tour Of England, Ireland And Scotland, Billy takes a tour of the Down Street station, explaining the heritage and showcasing the various rooms Winston Churchill and his war cabinet are believed to have once occupied.

World Tour of Scotland is a six-part television series — the first of Billy Connolly's " world tours " — originally broadcast by the BBC in late 1994.

The music featured in the series is available on Connolly's 1995 album Musical Tour of Scotland.

It helped the universities to become major centres of medical education and to put Scotland at the forefront of Enlightenment thinking.

Stemming from her Gifford Lectures at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland, it focuses on the mental faculties of thinking and willing, in a sense moving beyond her previous work concerning the vita activa.

His political thinking was influenced by that of Noel Skelton, a member of the Unionist party ( as the Conservatives were called in Scotland between 1912 and 1965 ).

George Orwell wrote his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four on the isolated island of Jura, Scotland to describe how a man ( Winston Smith ) attempts to develop critical conscience in a totalitarian state which watches every action of the people and manipulates their thinking with a mixture of propaganda, endless war and thought control through language control ( double think and newsspeak ) to the point where prisoners look up to and even love their torturers.

" It shall be sufficient for Royal Proclamations to be published in the London, Edinburgh and Belfast Gazettes ; but if the Lord President of the Council, thinking it expedient, directs that copies of such proclamations shall in addition be sent to such High Sheriffs, Sheriffs, Lord Mayors and Mayors in England and Wales and to such Sheriffs Principal in Scotland as he thinks fit, the contents of such proclamations shall thereupon be made known in the manner accustomed ".

Gavin Kennedy, Professor Emeritus at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland, argues that its current use in modern economic thinking as a symbol of free market capitalism is not reconcilable with the rather modest and indeterminate manner in which it was employed by Smith.

She inspired and led the Allander Series of seminars which had the aim of encouraging fresh thinking on Scotland ’ s economic future.

:" The Lieutenant-Governor having set apart for each of the gentlemen who came out from Scotland in the Surprise a brick hut, in a row on the east side of the cove, they took possession of their new habitations, and soon declared that they found sufficient reason for thinking " the bleak and desolate shores of New Holland " not quite so terrible as in England they had been led to expect.

His chief works are A Discourse of Government relating to Militias ( 1698 ), in which he argued that the royal army in Scotland should be replaced by local militias-a position of republican virtue which was to return a half-century later and foreshadowed the thinking of Adam Ferguson in lauding martial virtues over commercially minded polite society which he thought unmanly.

He continued to write, lecture and consult about armor doctrine, tactics and Soviet thinking, living at first in Norfolk, England where he was brought up and then in Elgin, Scotland.

" The mathematician rolls his eyes at his companions ' muddled thinking and says, " In Scotland, there is at least one sheep, at least one side of which appears to be black from here.

His early experiences with the bifurcated landscapes of Scotland — the smoky industrial urbanism of Glasgow and the sublimity of the surrounding environs — had a profound influence on his later thinking.

However these claims conflict with current thinking on the matter in relation to the constitution in Scotland ( see: parliamentary sovereignty ) and ignore the doctrine of territorial integrity in international law.

His father, George A. Mercer, was descended from an honored Southern family that could trace its ancestry back to one Hugh Mercer, who had emigrated from Scotland in 1747.

Blenheim was followed in rapid succession by Ramillies And The Union With Scotland and by The Peace And The Protestant Succession, the three forming together a detailed picture of England under Queen Anne.

But Edward was invading Scotland for precisely the same reason, and his insubordinate vassal was the ally of the king of France.

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

In An Autobiography Christie admits, " I was still writing in the Sherlock Holmes tradition – eccentric detective, stooge assistant, with a Lestrade-type Scotland Yard detective, Inspector Japp ".

He was born in Logierait, Perthshire, Scotland to Alexander Mackenzie Sr. and Mary Stewart Fleming.

Under instructions from the emperor, he undertook an invasion of southern Scotland, winning some significant victories, and constructing the Antonine Wall from the Firth of Forth to the Firth of Clyde, although it was soon abandoned for reasons that are still not quite clear.

There is no distinction made in Scotland between assault and battery ( which is not a term used in Scots law ), although, as in England and Wales, assault can be occasioned without a physical attack on another's person, as demonstrated in Atkinson v. HM Advocate wherein the accused was found guilty of assaulting a shop assistant by simply jumping over a counter wearing a ski mask.

On 8 November 1576, midwife Bessie Dunlop, resident in Dalry, Scotland, was accused of sorcery and witchcraft.

On the death of Edgar in 1107 he succeeded to the Scottish crown ; but, in accordance with Edgar's instructions, their brother David was granted an appanage in southern Scotland.

Andrew of Wyntoun's Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland says that Alexander was holding court at Invergowrie when he was attacked by " men of the Isles ".

However, in 1116 the Annals of Ulster report: " Ladhmann son of Domnall, grandson of the king of Scotland, was killed by the men of Moray.

The death of Alexander and the subsequent period of instability in Scotland was lamented in an early Scots poem recorded by Andrew of Wyntoun in his Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland.

The son of a shoemaker and tanner in Lower Largo, Fife, Scotland, Selkirk was born in 1676.

Fleming was born on 6 August 1881 at Lochfield, a farm near Darvel, in Ayrshire, Scotland.

Fleming's Nobel Prize medal was acquired by the National Museums of Scotland in 1989 and is on display after the museum re-opened in 2011.

Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland, and emigrated to the United States with his parents in 1848.

Andrew Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland, in a typical weaver's cottage with only one main room consisting of half the ground floor which was shared with the neighboring weaver's family.

The Trust was funded by a gift of $ 10 million ( a then unprecedented sum: at the time, total government assistance to all four Scottish universities was about £ 50, 000 a year ) and its aim was to improve and extend the opportunities for scientific research in the Scottish universities and to enable the deserving and qualified youth of Scotland to attend a university.

A club by the name of Lurgan Celtic was originally formed in 1903, with the obvious slant of aiming towards the Roman Catholic community of the town, adopting the name and colours of the famous Glasgow Celtic, a hugely popular club among the Irish Catholics population of Glasgow and the west of Scotland.

He competed at many gatherings in Scotland and across the world and became a hugely popular and respected figure.

The classic image of a prehistoric crannog stems from both Post-Medieval illustrations and highly influential excavations such as Milton Loch in Scotland by C. M.

The years from approximately 1900 to the late 1940s saw very little in the way of crannog excavation in Scotland, while Ireland did witness some important and highly influential contributions.

Summary of Pocock's influential ideas that traces the Machiavellian belief in and emphasis upon Greco-Roman ideals of unspecialized civic virtue and liberty from 15th century Florence through 17th century England and Scotland to 18th century America.

After this first stage of the Reformation, following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere.

Most notably ( and again William Pulteney was influential ), in 1801 Telford devised a master plan to improve communications in the Highlands of Scotland, a massive project that was to last some 20 years.

According to historian David Stevenson it was also influential to Freemasonry as it was emerging in Scotland.

However, the reassessment of James in the past two decades, as an able ruler who extended royal power in Scotland and preserved his kingdoms from war throughout his reign, has been accompanied by a re-evaluation of Anne as an influential political figure and assertive mother, at least for as long as the royal marriage remained a reality.

John Leeds Barroll argues in his cultural biography of Anne that her political interventions in Scotland were more significant, and certainly more troublesome, than previously noticed ; and Clare McManus, among other cultural historians, has highlighted Anne's influential role in the Jacobean cultural flowering, not only as a patron of writers and artists but as a performer herself.

* James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas ( 1358 – 1388 ), influential lord in the Kingdom of Scotland

Walter Scott wrote an influential poem, The Lady of the Lake, in 1810, drawing on the romance of the legend, but with an entirely different story set around Loch Katrine in the Trossachs of Scotland.

His work on original sin ( Scripture Doctrine of Original Sin, 1740, written 1735 ) was against the Calvinistic view of human nature, and was influential: witnessed in Scotland by Robert Burns ( Epistle to John Goudie ), and in New England, according to Jonathan Edwards.

It originally denoted a payment made by English people residing along the border of Scotland to influential Scottish chieftains in exchange for protection from thieves and marauders.

Scotland produced two influential genre painters, David Allan ( 1744 – 96 ) and Sir David Wilkie ( 1785 – 1841 ).

Although drawn up by the 1646 Westminster Assembly, largely of the Church of England, it became and remains the ' subordinate standard ' of doctrine in the Church of Scotland, and has been influential within Presbyterian churches worldwide.

Educated at the universities of Oxford and of Paris, Henry Wardlaw returned to Scotland in about 1385, and his influential connections obtained him several church benefices.

George Fielden MacLeod, Baron MacLeod of Fuinary, Bt MC ( 17 June 1895 – 27 June 1991 ) was a Scottish soldier and clergyman ; he was one of the best known, most influential and unconventional Church of Scotland ministers of the 20th century.

In the 1280s he married his second wife-Andrew's stepmother-Euphemia Comyn, the sister of John Comyn, Lord of Badenoch, nephew of King John Balliol and one of the most politically influential men in Scotland.

Other influential authors of this decade include Bret Easton Ellis, known for novels about depraved yuppies ; Irvine Welsh known for his portrayals of Scotland ’ s drug-addicted working class youth ; and Chuck Palahniuk, known for his characters ' bizarre attempts to escape bland consumer culture.

Richard Norman Shaw RA ( Edinburgh, Scotland, 7 May 1831 – London, England, 17 November 1912 ), was an influential Scottish architect from the 1870s to the 1900s, known for his country houses and for commercial buildings.

In Scotland, to be " children of the manse " is considered very influential on a person's upbringing.

Sir James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas and Mar ( c. 1358 – 14 August 1388 ) was an influential and powerful magnate in the Kingdom of Scotland.

The Virtual Hebrides was an influential website which was set up in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland and was in operation from late 1993 until 2000.

As major-general commanding the brigade, and also as a privy councillor of Scotland, Mackay was an important and influential person, and James chose to attribute the decision of most of the officers to Mackay's instigation.

The convention also influenced John George Govan, who later founded The Faith Mission in Scotland ; and the highly influential post-war Scripture Union worker, E. J. H. Nash, valued the Keswick Convention and considered R. A. Torrey his theological mentor.