A recent systematic review suggested that physical therapy is effective, but there is only moderate evidence to support this conclusion.

A 1998 systematic review of studies assessing its prevalence in 13 countries concluded that about 31 % of cancer patients use some form of complementary and alternative medicine .< ref name = Ernst_Cassileth > Alternative medicine varies from country to country.

A systematic 2003 review of controlled clinical trials related to the Alexander Technique found two reputable studies suggesting the Alexander Technique is effective in reducing the disability of patients suffering from Parkinson ’ s disease and improving pain behaviour and disability in patients with back pain, and concluded that the evidence supporting the effectiveness of the Alexander Technique is encouraging but not convincing.

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials published in the Archives of General Psychiatry showed up to one-third of the six-week effect of SSRI treatment can be seen in the first week.

Nevertheless, a 2009 systematic review and meta-analysis of trials in people diagnosed with schizophrenia found that less than half ( 41 %) showed any therapeutic response to an antipsychotic, compared to 24 % on placebo, and that there was a decline in treatment response over time, and possibly a bias in which trial results were published.

A systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration found no studies of sufficient quality to make any statement on the efficacy of the vaccine.

Guidelines issued by the UK-based National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ( NICE ), carried out a systematic review using different methodology and came to a different conclusion.

However, controversy exists as to tolerance to the anxiolytic effects with some evidence that benzodiazepines retain efficacy and opposing evidence from a systematic review of the literature that tolerance frequently occurs and some evidence that anxiety may worsen with long-term use.

A systematic review of CBT in depression and anxiety disorders concluded that " CBT delivered in primary care, especially including computer-or Internet-based self-help programs, is potentially more effective than usual care and could be delivered effectively by primary care therapists.

A systematic review found that the risk of death from manipulations to the neck outweighs the benefits.

“ Health effects of Relocation following disasters: a systematic review of literature ”.

Using techniques from science, engineering and statistics, such as the systematic review of medical literature, meta-analysis, risk-benefit analysis, and randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ), EBM aims for the ideal that healthcare professionals should make " conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence " in their everyday practice.

The systematic review of published research studies is a major method used for evaluating particular treatments.

A 2001 review of 160 Cochrane systematic reviews ( excluding complementary treatments ) in the 1998 database revealed that, according to two readers, 41. 3 % concluded positive or possibly positive effect, 20 % concluded evidence of no effect, 8. 1 % concluded net harmful effects, and 21. 3 % of the reviews concluded insufficient evidence.

The second area is the systematic review of medical literature to evaluate the best studies on specific topics.

For example, the strongest evidence for therapeutic interventions is provided by systematic review of randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trials with allocation concealment and complete follow-up involving a homogeneous patient population and medical condition.

It concludes from a systematic review of available research that,

*" A systematic review has found that hypnosis enhances the effects of cognitive behavioural therapy for conditions such as phobia, obesity, and anxiety.

According to a systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration, the best evidence in the treatment of LEMS exists for 3, 4-aminopyridine and IVIG.

A systematic review of the literature related to PID treatment was performed prior to the 2006 CDC sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines.

Consequently, a systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration ( published in 2008 ) found insufficient evidence to recommend the use of silver-treated dressings to treat infected wounds.

A systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration found no studies of sufficient quality to make any statement on the efficacy of the vaccine.

In a recent systematic review of eight trials of day care for disadvantaged children under 5 years of age, long term follow up showed lower pregnancy rates among adolescents.

" In 2003, The UK ECT Review group published a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing ECT to placebo and antidepressant drugs.

A U. N. Court ruled genocide did not take place, but recognized, " a systematic campaign of terror, including murders, rapes, arsons and severe maltreatments ".

However, to Cranmer is ' credited the overall job of editorship and the overarching structure of the book ' including the systematic amendment of his materials to remove any idea that human merit contributed to their salvation.

The need to support more writing systems for different languages, including the CJK family of East Asian scripts, required support for a far larger number of characters and demanded a systematic approach to character encoding rather than the previous ad hoc approaches.

The purpose of the CIP system is to assign an R or S descriptor to each stereocenter and an E or Z descriptor to each double bond so that the configuration of the entire molecule can be specified uniquely by including the descriptors in its systematic name.

Human Rights Watch released a report on the situation in 1989, which stated: " contras were major and systematic violators of the most basic standards of the laws of armed conflict, including by launching indiscriminate attacks on civilians, selectively murdering non-combatants, and mistreating prisoners.

The medieval universities of Western Christendom were well-integrated across all of Western Europe, encouraged freedom of enquiry and produced a great variety of fine scholars and natural philosophers, including Thomas Aquinas of the University of Naples, Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford, an early expositor of a systematic method of scientific experimentation ; and Saint Albert the Great, a pioneer of biological field research The University of Bologne is considered the oldest continually operating university.

Evidence quality can be assessed based on the source type ( from meta-analyses and systematic reviews of triple-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials with concealment of allocation and no attrition at the top end, down to conventional wisdom at the bottom ), as well as other factors including statistical validity, clinical relevance, currency, and peer-review acceptance.

Alternative or complementary medicine, including acupuncture, psychological interventions, vitamins and yoga, was evaluated in a number of systematic reviews by the Cochrane Collaboration into treatments for epilepsy, and found there is no reliable evidence to support the use of these as treatments for epilepsy.

The Nazis began the systematic genocide of over 11 million people, including the majority of the Jews of Europe and Gypsies as well as millions of Polish and Soviet Slavs.

Within global macro strategies, there are further sub-strategies including " systematic diversified ", in which the fund trades in diversified markets, or " systematic currency ", in which the fund trades in currency markets.

The first ever systematic description of global disability arising in youth, published in 2011, found that among 10 to 24 year olds nearly half of all disability ( current and as estimated to continue ) was due to mental and neurological conditions, including substance use disorders and conditions involving self-harm.

In the broad sense, it includes all musically relevant disciplines ( both humanities and sciences ) and all manifestations of music in all cultures, so it also includes all of systematic musicology ( including psychology, biology, and computing ).

Some scholars maintain that the definition of the Holocaust should also include the Nazis ' systematic murder of millions of people in other groups, including ethnic Poles, the Romani, Soviet civilians, Soviet prisoners of war, people with disabilities, gay men, and political and religious opponents.

Upon the request of a high official named Sporacius, Theodoret compiled a Compendium of Heretical Accounts ( Haereticarum fabularum compendium ), including a heresiology ( books i-iv ) and a " compendium of divine dogmas " ( book v ), which, apart from Origen's De principiis and the theological work of John of Damascus, is the only systematic representation of the theology of the Greek Fathers.

Karl W. Hillig, a graduate student in the laboratory of long-time Cannabis researcher Paul G. Mahlberg at Indiana University, conducted a systematic investigation of genetic, morphological, and chemotaxonomic variation among 157 Cannabis accessions of known geographic origin, including fiber, drug, and feral populations.

His taxonomic approach became the systematic approach to the study of organisms, including fish.

Those identified as spies, “ running dogs ”, “ revisionists ”, or coming from a suspect class ( including those related to former landlords or rich peasants ) were subject to beating, imprisonment, rape, torture, sustained and systematic harassment and abuse, seizure of property, denial of medical attention, and erasure of social identity.

Under Japanese control Manchuria was one of the most brutally run regions in the world, with a systematic campaign of terror and intimidation against the local Russian and Chinese populations including arrests, organised riots and other forms of subjugation.

A variety of patient factors can lead to CTS, including heredity, size of the carpal tunnel, associated local and systematic diseases, and certain habits.

Epidemiologists help with study design, collection and statistical analysis of data, and interpretation and dissemination of results ( including peer review and occasional systematic review ).

Following the early trailblazing work of Grove Karl Gilbert around the turn of the 20th century, a group of natural scientists, geologists and hydraulic engineers including Ralph Alger Bagnold, John Hack, Luna Leopold, Thomas Maddock and Arthur Strahler began to research the form of landscape elements such as rivers and hillslopes by taking systematic, direct, quantitative measurements of aspects of them and investigating the scaling of these measurements.

" By combining these laws, Comte developed a systematic and hierarchical classification of all sciences, including inorganic physics ( astronomy, earth science and chemistry ) and organic physics ( biology and, for the first time, physique sociale, later renamed sociologie ).