Nucleophilic addition of a carbanion or another nucleophile to the double bond of an alpha, beta unsaturated carbonyl compound can proceed via the Michael reaction, which belongs to the larger class of conjugate additions.

Centaurus contains several very bright stars because of its position in the Milky Way ; in addition, its alpha and beta stars are used to find the constellation Crux.

Neutrinos are produced in beta decay in addition to beta particles ; they interact with matter only very weakly.

In addition to being a connective protein that forms the structural support for tissues outside the cell, the normal fibrillin-1 protein binds to another protein, transforming growth factor beta ( TGF-β ).

In addition, WME lists that contain the WME must be removed from beta memories, and activated production instances for these WME lists must be de-activated and removed from the agenda.

The paper's website will also be overhauled, operating in a beta version starting on September 15, with a full launch sometime later in the fall of 2012 ; the revamped website will include live video coverage of news events, frequently-updated news headlines and the addition of interactive weather maps.

In place of or in addition to the keep-alive electrode some krytrons may contain a very tiny amount of radioactive material ( usually less than 5 microcurie of nickel-63 ) which emits beta particles ( high-speed electrons ) to make ionization easier.

In addition, beta blockers reduce Sympathetic Nervous System activity by blocking Sympathetic impulses.

Though Marcinkowski is the primary developer, he works with a few others on the dedicated server and lobby, in addition to a small beta team which aids in testing prior to new releases.

In addition to similarities shared by the acyltransferases, CPT II also contains a distinct insertion of 30 residues in the amino domain that forms a relatively hydrophobic protrusion composed of two alpha helices and a small anti-parallel beta sheet.

In addition, due to the high energy of the beta particles, shielding this radiation with the normally used dense materials ( e. g. lead ), gives rise to secondary emission of X-rays via a process known as Bremsstrahlung, meaning braking radiation.

Antiproton annihilation reactions produce charged and uncharged mesons, in addition to gamma rays.

In particular, almost all standard RGB color spaces and file formats use a non-linear encoding ( a gamma compression ) of the intended intensities of the primary colors of the photographic reproduction ; in addition, the intended reproduction is almost always nonlinearly related to the measured scene intensities, via a tone reproduction nonlinearity.

In this context, light often includes invisible forms of radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet and infrared, in addition to visible light.

In addition, proponents of the theory predicted that in addition to hydrogen atoms, antimatter would also be produced, as with cosmic gamma ray background from the annihilation of protons and antiprotons and X-ray emitting gas from the creation of neutrons.

In addition, species that employ multiple discrete quorum sensing systems are almost all members of the gamma Proteobacteria, and evidence of horizontal transfer of quorum sensing genes is most evident in this class.

In addition, the gamma ray log will work inside a steel casing, making it essential when a cased well must be evaluated.

In addition to being hard, diamonds have the advantage of being transparent to a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum from infrared to gamma rays, with the exception of the far ultraviolet and soft X-rays.

In addition, Ramtron International has developed, produced, and licensed ferroelectric RAM ( F-RAM ), a technology that offers distinct properties from other nonvolatile memory options, including extremely high endurance ( exceeding 10 < small >< sup > 16 </ sup ></ small > for 3. 3 V devices ), ultra low power consumption ( since F-RAM does not require a charge pump like other non-volatile memories ), single-cycle write speeds, and gamma radiation tolerance.

In addition to its extreme toxicity to humans, mercury has a high cross section for the ( n, gamma ) reaction, causing activation in the coolant and losing neutrons that could otherwise be absorbed in the fuel, which is why it is no longer used or considered as a coolant in reactors.

In addition to working on mathematical topics as diverse as differential equations and the gamma function, Lindelöf actively promoted the study of the history of Finnish mathematics.

These usually immediately undergo gamma decay but a small fraction of them are excited enough to be able to decay by emitting a neutron in addition.

In addition to being able to detect gamma rays, X-rays, and neutrons, the satellite also contained two silicon solid-state bhangmeter sensors that would be able to detect the dual light flashes associated with an atmospheric nuclear explosion: the initial brief, intense flash, followed by the second longer flash.

" Supergrade " is industry parlance for plutonium alloy bearing an exceptionally high fraction of Pu-239 (> 95 %), leaving a very low amount of Pu-240 which is a gamma emitter in addition to being a high spontaneous fission isotope.

In addition to the tertiary structure of the subunits, multiple-subunit < nowiki > proteins </ nowiki > possess a quaternary structure, which is the arrangement into which the subunits assemble.

Type I restriction enzymes possess three subunits called HsdR, HsdM, and HsdS ; HsdR is required for restriction ; HsdM is necessary for adding methyl groups to host DNA ( methyltransferase activity ) and HsdS is important for specificity of the recognition ( DNA-binding ) site in addition to both restriction ( DNA cleavage ) and modification ( DNA methyltransferase ) activity.

* Bacterial flagella grow by the addition of flagellin subunits at the tip ; archaeal flagella grow by the addition of subunits to the base.

In addition to steroidogenic enzymes, ACTH also enhances transcription of mitochondrial genes that encode for subunits of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation systems.

Besides the addition of SDS, proteins may optionally be briefly heated to near boiling in the presence of a reducing agent, such as dithiothreitol ( DTT ) or 2-mercaptoethanol ( beta-mercaptoethanol / BME ), which further denatures the proteins by reducing disulfide linkages, thus overcoming some forms of tertiary protein folding, and breaking up quaternary protein structure ( oligomeric subunits ).

Too few subunits makes an army unwieldy ; too many subunits makes the ‘ power of the superior will ’ weak ; and in addition every step by which an order has to pass weakens its effect by loss of force and Longer time of transmission.

In addition to the catalytic subunits, other core proteins of the APC are composed multiple repeat motifs with the main purpose of providing molecular scaffold support.

In addition to the basic structure of the industrial sector, a supplementary hierarchy of government organs reached down from the Council of Ministers and the State Planning Commission to territorial rather than functional subunits.

During axonal growth, new neurofilament subunits are incorporated all along the axon in a dynamic process that involves the addition of subunits along the filament length, as well as the addition of subunits at the filament ends.

MAP2 and tau stabilize microtubules, and thus shift the reaction kinetics in favor of addition of new subunits, accelerating microtubule growth.

In addition, the central channel is formed via six four-stranded β-sheets composed of anti-parallel loops from the twelve subunits.

Multiplication, subtraction, and addition can then be accomplished as they appear in the equation by starting at the left end of the equation and working toward the right.

In addition, dirt particles can be held onto a soiled surface by sticky substances or by the surface tension of liquids, including liquid greases.

and natural waters, in addition, often contain impurities such as calcium salts which can react with soils to make them more difficult to remove.

The effect of drugs that act on the iodide-concentrating mechanism can be counteracted by addition of relatively large amounts of iodine to the diet.

The foaming can be accomplished at some future time at a different location by the addition of the correct proportion of catalyst in solution.

Just before game time, Robinson's pretty wife, Connie informed him that an addition to the family can be expected late next summer.

AAC can be a permanent addition to a person's communication or a temporary aid.

Acid-base conjugate pairs differ by one proton, and can be interconverted by the addition or removal of a proton ( protonation and deprotonation, respectively ).

In addition, the exterior of an adobe wall can be covered with glass to increase heat collection.

In addition, the researchers also mention that the shifting robot can even display an individual's hair style and skin color if a photo of their face is projected onto the 3D Mask.

Such modifications can also determine the localization of the protein, e. g., the addition of long hydrophobic groups can cause a protein to bind to a phospholipid membrane.

A stream anchor, which is usually heavier than a kedge anchor, can be used for kedging or warping in addition to temporary mooring and restraining stern movement in tidal conditions or in waters where vessel movement needs to be restricted, such as rivers and channels.

For example, if the numbers involved in a computation may be arbitrarily large, the time required by a single addition can no longer be assumed to be constant.

If the amount in the sample is below an instrument's range of measurement, the method of addition can be used.

Standard addition can be applied to most analytical techniques and is used instead of a calibration curve to solve the matrix effect problem.

The University can rarely provide all the necessary training in first hand experience that an apprenticeship can, and therefore in addition to graduate level training the profession also tends towards encouraging conservation students to spend time as an intern.

In addition the fixed cell structure means that ATM can be readily switched by hardware without the inherent delays introduced by software switched and routed frames.

According to the special theory of relativity, the aberration looks as a transform of the celestial sphere due to different frames of reference and is virtually a special case of velocity addition, namely one of the light beam and frames ' relative velocity v. The formula from relativistic aberration can be simplified to

While acrylic retarders can slow drying time to several hours, it remains a relatively fast-drying medium, and the addition of too much acrylic retarder can prevent the paint from ever drying properly.

In addition, they can develop considerable amount of shame over their inadequacy to liberate their parents from alcoholism.

On some occasions a patient with a brain AVM may become aware of the noise, which can compromise hearing and interfere with sleep in addition to causing psychological distress.

In addition, cutting operations can smear the lead globules over the surface.