With the loss of the study of ancient Greek in the early medieval Latin West, Aristotle was practically unknown there from c. AD 600 to c. 1100 except through the Latin translation of the Organon made by Boethius.

The Astronomer ( Vermeer ) | The Astronomer by Johannes Vermeer ( c. 1668 )

Brygos ( potter signed ), Tondo of an Attic red-figure cup c. 470 BC, Louvre.

* Homer, Iliad ii. 595 – 600 ( c. 700 BCE )

Symbols on Gerzean pottery resembling Egyptian hieroglyphs date back to c. 4000 BC, suggesting a still earlier possible date.

According to Igor M. Diakonoff ( 1988: 33n ), Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken c. 10, 000 BC.

According to Christopher Ehret ( 2002: 35 – 36 ), Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken c. 11, 000 BC at the latest and possibly as early as c. 16, 000 BC.

The word can be traced from the Middle Egyptian ( c. 2000 BC ) word dj-b-t " mud sun-dried brick.

" As Middle Egyptian evolved into Late Egyptian, Demotic, and finally Coptic ( c. 600 BC ), dj-b-t became tobe " brick.

* Cleopatra IV of Egypt ( c. 138 – 135 BC ), queen of Egypt

* Cleopatra Selene I ( c. 135 – 130 BC ), daughter of Cleopatra III and Ptolemy VIII Physcon

In the first century Gentile ( non-Jewish ) inclusion was the significant issue, see Circumcision controversy in early Christianity, while two millennia later Jewish exclusion is the issue ( though Jewish exclusion may have begun as early as the exclusion of Jews from Aelia Capitolina c. 135, see also Jewish Bishops of Jerusalem and Anti-Judaism ).

* Posidonius, Greek philosopher, astronomer and geographer ( 51 BC ) ( b. c. 135 BC )

Scholars are divided as to when Montanus first began his prophetic activity, having chosen dates varying from c. AD 135 to as late as AD 177.

After the Jewish – Roman wars ( 66 – 135 ), which Epiphanius believed the Cenacle survived, the significance of Jerusalem to Christians entered a period of decline, Jerusalem having been temporarily converted to the pagan Aelia Capitolina, but interest resumed again with the pilgrimage of Helena ( the mother of Constantine the Great ) to the Holy Land c. 326 – 28.

File: As-Hadrian-Aegyptus-RIC 0839, As. jpg | Hadrian coin celebrating Ægyptus Province, struck c. 135.

* Rabbi Akiva ( c. 50 to c. 135 )

After the Jewish – Roman wars ( 66 – 135 ), which Epiphanius believed the Cenacle survived, the significance of Jerusalem to Christians entered a period of decline, Jerusalem having been temporarily converted to the pagan Aelia Capitolina, but interest resumed again with the pilgrimage of Helena ( the mother of Constantine the Great ) to the Holy Land c. 326 – 28.

The highest confirmed, ambient-pressure, T < sub > c </ sub > is 135 K, achieved in 1993 with the layered cuprate HgBa < sub > 2 </ sub > Ca < sub > 2 </ sub > Cu < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sub > 8 + x </ sub >.

The term was first used to denote an official province in c. 135 CE, when the Roman authorities, following the suppression of the Bar Kokhba Revolt, combined Iudaea Province with Galilee and other surrounding cities such as Ashkelon to form " Syria Palaestina " (), which some scholars state was in order to complete the dissociation with Judaea.

Lucius Julius Caesar III ( c. 135 BC – 87 BC ) was a son of Lucius Julius Caesar II, and elder brother to Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo Vopiscus.

Late in the reign of Hadrian, c. AD 135, the numerus fort was replaced with a much larger ( 3. 2 hectare ) fort for a cohort, a unit of about 500 men.

* Discourses of Epictetus, a series of books by the Greek Stoic philosopher Epictetus ( c. 55-c. 135 )

* Kanada ( c. 600 BCE ), founded the philosophical school of Vaisheshika, gave theory of atomism

* Kapila ( c. 500 BCE ), proponent of the Samkhya system of philosophy

* Pingala ( c. 500 BCE ), author of the Chandas shastra

* Chanakya ( c. 350-c. 275 BCE ), author of Arthashastra, professor ( acharya ) of political science at the Takshashila University

* Patañjali ( c. 200 BCE ), developed the philosophy of Raja Yoga in his Yoga Sutras.

* Bādarāyaņa ( c. 200 BCE ), author of Brahma Sutras, expounding Advaita Vedanta.

* Ay ( reigned c. 1323 – 1319 or 1327 – 1323 BCE ), a pharaoh of ancient Egypt

With the discovery of the Dead Sea scroll, 4QDan < sup > c </ sup > at Qumran, dating 125 BCE, it does not reassure critics that Daniel was written in the 2nd century BCE.

There are three main versions of the Book of Daniel: the twelve-chapter version preserved in the Masoretic text and two longer Greek versions ( the original Septuagint version, c. 100 BCE, and the later Theodotion version, c. 2nd century CE ).

All eight manuscripts were copied within 175 years, ranging from 125 BCE ( 4QDan < sup > c </ sup >) to about 50 CE ( 4QDan < sup > b </ sup >).

On the death of Ahaz, c. 715 BCE, his son Hezekiah followed a policy which Isaiah saw as dangerous, waging war on the Philistine cities and on Edom even though territory under direct Assyrian control ( i. e., the former kingdom of Israel ) now came to within a few miles of Jerusalem.

The first was the late 7th century Deuteronomistic reform of official Judean religion under king Josiah, who banned many elements of the old polytheistic cult from the Temple, and the sudden collapse of Assyria and the rise of Babylon to take its place ; the second was exile of the royal court, the priests and other members of the ruling elite following the Babylonian destruction of Jerusalem c. 586 BCE.

Modern scholarly thinking is that the books originated by combining a number of independent texts of various ages when the larger Deuteronomistic history ( the Former Prophets plus Deuteronomy ) was being composed in the period c. 630-540 BCE.

The Book ( s ) of Kings (-the two books were originally one ) presents a narrative history of ancient Israel and Judah from the death of David to the release of his successor Jehoiachin from imprisonment in Babylon, a period of some 400 years ( c. 960-560 BCE ).

According to the information given in the book, Ezekiel ben-Buzi was born into a priestly family of Jerusalem c. 623 BCE, during the reign of the reforming king Josiah.

However, Empedocles of Acragas ( c. 495-c. 435 BCE ) selected four archai for his four roots: Air, fire, water, and earth.

Other known maps of the ancient world include the Minoan " House of the Admiral " wall painting from c. 1600 BCE, showing a seaside community in an oblique perspective and an engraved map of the holy Babylonian city of Nippur, from the Kassite period ( 14th12th centuries BCE ).

His life is conventionally dated to c. 1040 – 970 BCE, his reign over Judah c. 1010 – 1002 BCE, and his reign over the United Kingdom of Israel c. 1002 – 970 BCE.