Andrew, in contrast with the decisions of the Fourth Council of the Lateran, often employed Jews and Muslims in the royal household.

They are largely Sunni Muslims, in contrast to the Hazara, who are mostly Shias.

By contrast, homoerotic themes were present in poetry and other literature written by some Muslims from the medieval period onwards and which celebrated love between men.

The Khmer Rouge explicitly targeted the Chinese, Vietnamese, and even their partially Khmer offspring for extinction ; although the Cham Muslims received disfavorable treatment, they were by contrast encouraged to " mix flesh and blood ", or intermarry and assimilate.

Muslims believe that the final chapters ( surahs ) of the Qur ' an chronologically were revealed to the Prophet in Medina and are called Medinan surahs in contrast to earlier Meccan surahs.

In contrast to early membership, members are now frequently American-born Muslims.

In contrast to the freedom granted to Muslims, followers of Tibetan Buddhism and Catholicism suffered from restrictions and censure in Beijing.

However, in contrast to the policies of many other sectarian militias ( such as the Kataeb ), and to their own attitudes towards Palestinians, the Guardians took some care to avoid the impression of religious conflict with Lebanese Muslims.

In contrast, some conservative Muslims have criticized Pancasila for being too secular and inclusive, diluting the uniqueness of Islam by placing man-made precepts at a higher level than the Qur ' an.

Most Mappila Muslims follow the Shafi ' i school of Muslim Jurisprudence ( in contrast to the Hanafi school followed by most South Asian Muslims ).

Sindhi and Kutchi are spoken by both Muslims and non-Muslims, in contrast to the Memon language, which is exclusively spoken by Memons of Kathiwadi origin, who are almost entirely Muslim ..

In addition, the Hui Chinese Muslim rebel leaders never declared a Jihad, and never stated that they wanted to establish an Islamic state, in contrast to the Xinjiang Turki Muslims who called for Jihad.

In contrast to General Zuo, the Manchu leader Dolongga wanted to massacre all the Muslims and saw them all as the enemy.

In contrast, the Nizāriyya Muslims – presently headed by the Aga Khan – believe the rightful nineteenth caliph was Musta ‘ lī's elder brother, Nizār.

This is in contrast to mainstream Muslims who consider hadith essential for the Islamic faith.

In contrast, Muslims living in West Punjab ( Pakistani Punjab ) use the usual Muslim greeting " Assalam-o-alaikum " ( peace on you, and the other replies " waa alaikum assalaam " meaning peace on you too ), and Punjabi Hindus use ' Namaskar ' or ' Namaste '.

This is in contrast to orthodox Muslims, Shias and Sunnis, who consider hadith essential for the Islamic faith.

In contrast to the population of Egypt, where Muslims constitute approximately 90 % of the population, the majority of Egyptian Americans are Coptic Christians, with Muslims forming a minority in the community ( needs citation for this " fact ").

Comparing the situation in the Old World and New World: in Spain's wars against the Moors, the clerics claimed that Muslims had knowledge of Christ and rejected Him, so that waging a Crusade against them was legitimate ; in contrast, in Spain's wars against the Indigenous peoples of the Americas and Native Americans, wars against those who had never come into contact with Christianity were illegitimate.

In contrast, birds that are non-migratory are said to be resident or sedentary.

In contrast, resident tropical species, which pair for life, show little if any sexual dimorphism.

He remarried on 7 February 1964 to Susan Catling, an American from Baltimore resident in London whom he had met in 1956, and, in contrast to his first marriage, this was very happy and content.

In contrast to the European Union, which is a community ( confederation ) of 27 sovereign countries without state-character the moment ( Staatenbund ).

There is no widespread use of fresh herbs in Cantonese cooking, in contrast with their liberal use in other cuisines such as Sichuan, European, Thai or Vietnamese.

Balinese caste structure has been described in early 20th century European literature to be based on three categories – triwangsa ( thrice born ) or the nobility, dwijati ( twice born ) in contrast to ekajati ( once born ) the low folks.

The formal rule of the proportionally more numerous than in other European countries nobility constituted an early democratic system (" a sophisticated noble democracy "), in contrast to the absolute monarchies prevalent at that time in the rest of Europe.

In 2012 Sarkozy ran for re-election but was defeated by François Hollande who advocated a growth policy in contrast to the austerity policy advocated by Germany's Angela Merkel as a way of tackling the European sovereign debt crisis.

In contrast, early European expansion in the " West Indies ", ( later known to Europeans as a separate continent from Asia that they would call the " Americas ") following the 1492 voyage of Christopher Columbus, involved heavy settlement in colonies that were treated as political extensions of the mother countries.

In contrast, in several European countries ( e. g. Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Switzerland ), religious unions have existed for decades.

Some European languages, like Russian and Irish, contrast a palatalized lateral – rhotic pair with an unpalatalized ( or velarized ) set ( e. g. in Russian ).

In contrast, Dean Acheson, an Under Secretary of State, was dispatched to contact the European media, especially the British media, and the speech was read in its entirety on the BBC.

Among Whorf's well known examples of linguistic relativity are examples of instances where an indigenous language has several terms for a concept that is only described with one word in English and other European languages ( Whorf used the acronym SAE " Standard Average European " to allude to the rather similar grammatical structures of the well-studied European languages in contrast to the greater diversity of the less-studied languages ).

In contrast, within some continental European traditions, social geography was and still is considered an approach to human geography rather than a sub-discipline, or even as identical to human geography in general.

In order for his imaginary languages to have this type of depth, Barker developed entire cultures, histories, dress fashions, architectural styles, weapons, armor, tactical styles, legal codes, demographics and more, inspired by Indian, Middle Eastern, Egyptian and Meso-American mythology in contrast to the majority of such fantasy settings, which draw primarily on European mythologies.

In contrast, DASA's response to the breakdown of the merger discussion was to merge with Aérospatiale to create the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company ( EADS ), a horizontal integration.

In contrast, the English colonies generally pursued a more systematic policy of widespread settlement of the New World, for cultivation and exploitation of the land, which required the extension of European property rights to the new continent.

This is in direct contrast to the European Union, whose member States have given up their national sovereignty in exchange for cooperative mediation and group policy-making, especially in the economic arena.

Although Roderick Hudson featured mostly American characters in a European setting, James made the Europe – America contrast even more explicit in his next novel.

In contrast to the Scottish birth of Scrooge, Rockerduck claims to be hailing from England like his father Howard, where he is sometimes depicted to be living, and shown to be the more active in Europe than in America, with some stories having Scrooge having to buy land from him or compete with him to be able to expand his businesses on the European markets.

In European discourse, the words Turan and Turanian designate a certain mentality, i. e. the nomadic in contrast to the urbanized agricultural civilizations.

The separatism of the Doppers, expressed in the severity of their doctrine, the austere puritanism of their worship, and even in their distinctive dress and speech, set them in stark contrast to European influence.

Yet in stark contrast with this positive view, research on the history of the metronome and its influence on performance practice reveals criticisms of metronome use, and highlights differences of " performance practice " and cultural perception / values between the current modern European / Western society ( which values the metronome ), and the same society during previous times ( beginning of the 19th century and earlier: classical / romantic / baroque eras etc.

The critic Reyner Banham erroneously dubbed the Smithsons ' pared-down style " the New Brutalism ": Hunstanton doesn't fit this description, which has become a derogatory term, although it is clear that the rigorous Modernism of Hunstanton School is in stark contrast to the more gentle, European tradition that had characterised the Festival of Britain.

It nearly always lays its eggs on Milk Parsley ( Peucedanum palustre ) in contrast to its European cousin that will select most umbellifers.

The qualifier " new " is to contrast with the earlier wave of European colonization from the 15th to early 19th centuries.