In contrast to a boiling water reactor, pressure in the primary coolant loop prevents the water from boiling within the reactor.

A boiling water reactor, by contrast, has only one coolant loop, while more exotic designs such as breeder reactors use substances other than water for coolant and moderator ( e. g. sodium in its liquid state as coolant or graphite as a moderator ).

By contrast, in a boiling water reactor the primary coolant is designed to boil.

In contrast, the RBMK reactor design used at Chernobyl, which uses graphite instead of water as the moderator and uses boiling water as the coolant, has a large positive thermal coefficient of reactivity, that increases heat generation when coolant water temperatures increase.

In contrast to a " subcritical boiler ", a supercritical steam generator operates at such a high pressure ( over or ) that the physical turbulence that characterizes boiling ceases to occur ; the fluid is neither liquid nor water but a super-critical fluid.

This effect, known to animators as " boiling ", gives an energetic character to the show, and was a contrast to the slick, smooth colouring of the imported Hanna-Barbera shows that were being widely shown on British television.

In contrast, a liquid-cooled engine might dump heat from the engine to a liquid, heating the liquid to 135 ° C ( Water's standard boiling point of 100 ° C can be exceeded as the cooling system is both pressurised, and uses a mixture with antifreeze ) which is then cooled with 20 ° C air.

Saturated steam is, in contrast to superheated steam, steam that is in equilibrium with heated water at the same pressure, i. e., it has not been heated past the boiling point for that pressure.

In contrast, with the cooking of vegetables, where extreme tenderness or softness is seen as undesirably overcooked, the ability of the sous-vide technique to cook vegetables at a temperature below the boiling point of water allows vegetables to be thoroughly cooked ( and Pasteurized, if necessary ) while maintaining a firm or somewhat crisp texture.

In contrast, the related substance ethane, H < sub > 3 </ sub > CCH < sub > 3 </ sub >, is a gas with a boiling point 285 ° C lower.

In contrast, water evaporates into air which ignites and produces flame when further rarefied .< ref name =" guthrie124 "> Guthrie, W. K. C.

In contrast within the Abbey is the massive kitchen with a running stream specially diverted to pass through as a supply of fresh water.

In contrast, however, survivors of the ill-fated Mexican military colony on Clipperton in 1917 ( see below ) indicated that they were dependent upon rain for their water supply, catching it in several old boats they used for this purpose.

Since they are hydrocarbons, and therefore contain no oxygen, carotenes are fat-soluble and insoluble in water ( in contrast with other carotenoids, the xanthophylls, which contain oxygen and thus are less chemically hydrophobic ).

Iron, in contrast, has an oxide that forms in air and water, called rust, that does not stop the further oxidation of the iron.

The Apsu was figured as the abyss of water beneath the earth, and since the gathering place of the dead, known as Aralu, was situated near the confines of the Apsu, he was also designated as En-Ki ; i. e. " lord of that which is below ", in contrast to Anu, who was the lord of the " above " or the heavens.

Technically speaking, it is not a type of frost, since usually supercooled water drops are involved, in contrast to the formation of hoar frost, in which water vapour condenses slowly and directly.

By contrast, many of the water courses in the lowlands tend to be sluggish and meandering.

By contrast, a truth is contingent if it just happens to be the case, for instance, " more than half of the planet is covered by water ".

In contrast, Conservative Poskim consider that switching on electrical equipment is physically and chemically more like turning on a water tap ( which is permissible ) than lighting a fire ( which is not permissible ), and therefore permitted on Shabbat.

By contrast, the water level of the Caspian Sea has been rising steadily since 1978 for reasons that scientists have not been able to explain fully.

A special feature of the motorways is the use of Porous Asphalt Concrete, which allows water to be drained efficiently, and even in heavy rain, no water will splash up, in contrast with concrete or other pavement types.

Ibn Fadlan's disgust is possibly because of the contrast to the personal hygiene practises particular to the Muslim world at the time, such as the use of running water and clean vessels.

By contrast, soft X-rays hardly penetrate matter at all ; the attenuation length of 600 eV (~ 2 nm ) X-rays in water is less than 1 micrometer.

In contrast, tornadic waterspouts are stronger tornadoes over water.

In contrast, aquatic and soft-shelled turtles have lighter shells that help them avoid sinking in water and swim faster with more agility.

In contrast, artificial water containers, such as the odd plastic bucket, flowerpot " saucer ", or discarded bottle or tire, are important breeding places for some of the most serious disease vectors, such as species of Aedes that transmit dengue and yellow fever.

In contrast, during electroporation the lipid molecules are not chemically altered but simply shift position, opening up a pore which acts as the conductive pathway through the bilayer as it is filled with water.

Hot Creek is part of a stream that follows part of a fault line and is well known for its hydrothermal pools and for the contrast swimmers experience between the cold stream water and either the occasional plume of very hot water ( which can scald swimmers ' feet and can on rare occasions cause more serious injury ) or even long and very strong upwellings of hot water when enough water is in the hydrothermal system.

In contrast to freshwater systems, nitrogen is more commonly the key limiting nutrient of marine waters ; thus, nitrogen levels have greater importance to understanding eutrophication problems in salt water.

In contrast with this, zirconium is practically transparent to thermal neutrons, and it is commonly used for the metal components of nuclear reactors – especially the claddings of their nuclear fuel rods.

Plutonium, by contrast, could theoretically be produced most easily in nuclear reactors, but the technology and science involved was wholly new.

Like the Magnox, CANDU and RBMK reactors, and in contrast to the light water reactors, AGRs are designed to be refuelled without being shut down first.

In contrast, research reactors are primarily operated to produce neutron beams.

Diesel spent two more years making improvements and in 1896 demonstrated another model with a theoretical efficiency of 75 percent, in contrast to the 10 percent efficiency of the steam engine.

" In contrast, all ' technical ' machines, i. e. all dynamos, turbines, pressure pumps, propellers, explosion and steam driven engines, all furnaces, gas and electric heating appliances, all soil-tilling and harvesting machinery, etc.

This is called a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine ( CCGT ) plant, and can achieve a thermal efficiency of around 60 %, in contrast to a single cycle steam power plant which is limited to efficiencies of around 35-42 %.

The inspiration was the underground Metropolitan Railway in London but in contrast to that and others ' proposals for New York, Beach proposed the use of trains propelled by pneumatics instead of conventional steam engines, and construction using a tunnelling shield of his invention to minimize disturbing the street.

In contrast to indirect methanol fuel cells, where methanol is reacted to hydrogen by steam reforming, DMFCs use a methanol solution ( usually around 1M, i. e. about 3 % in mass ) to carry the reactant into the cell ; common operating temperatures are in the range 50 – 120 ° C, where high temperatures are usually pressurized.

( In contrast, steam reforming usually or always uses a fossil fuel to obtain hydrogen.

After the 1970s, in contrast, this changed, with the gradually substitution of coal-powered steam locomotives to diesel and electric equipment.

To date, Rusty is the only diesel engine that rescues a steam engine ( Stepney ) in the episode " Rusty to the Rescue " rather than scrap it, a major contrast to ' Arry and Bert, who constantly seek the chance to scrap a steamie.

This is in marked contrast to steam systems where the inherent pressure of the steam is sufficient to distribute the steam to remote points in the system.

In stark contrast with the G7a steam driven torpedo, the T2 left no visible stream of bubbles to alert ships they were under attack, and was virtually silent ; however, these were quite literally the T2's only advantages over the G7a torpedo.