Ten years later, Alexander Friedmann, a Russian cosmologist and mathematician, derived the Friedmann equations from Albert Einstein's equations of general relativity, showing that the Universe might be expanding in contrast to the static Universe model advocated by Einstein at that time.

In contrast to later games in the Civilization series, this is largely a cosmetic choice, affecting titles, city names, musical heralds, and color.

This led to very good coverage across most of the country and few problems of interference with other UK-based transmissions ; a stark contrast to the problems associated with Channel 5's launch fourteen and a half years later.

An infection that does not and will not produce clinically evident impairment of normal functioning, such as the presence of the normal bacteria and yeasts in the gut, is not considered a disease ; by contrast, an infection that is asymptomatic during its incubation period, but expected to produce symptoms later, is usually considered a disease.

This format, a contrast to the Encyclopædia Britannica, was widely imitated by later 19th century encyclopedias in Britain, the United States, France, Spain, Italy and other countries.

This is in contrast to later versions, where Excalibur belongs solely to the king.

In contrast to his own diminutive stature, his personal assistant and secretary Eduard Hedvicek, who later played a significant role in the unsuccessful attempt to save his life was a very large and tall man ( 200 cm

In contrast, film theoreticians in England began integrating critical theory based perspectives drawn from psychoanalysis, semiotics, and Marxism, and eventually these ideas gained hold within the American scholarly community in the later 1970s and 1980s.

The adjective derived from this noun, * þiudiskaz, " popular ", was later used with reference to the language of the people in contrast to the Latin language ( earliest recorded example 786 ).

They are realistic in appearance, in contrast to the later stylization.

In contrast, early European expansion in the " West Indies ", ( later known to Europeans as a separate continent from Asia that they would call the " Americas ") following the 1492 voyage of Christopher Columbus, involved heavy settlement in colonies that were treated as political extensions of the mother countries.

These differences would indicate that Old Japanese had an eight-vowel system, in contrast to later Japanese's five vowels.

She was also attracted to the music of more mainstream artists like Olivia Newton-John and The Police, perhaps explaining the contrast in her later music between sweet, melodic " pop " songs and more hard rock oriented material.

James Crossley, however, has argued that the film makes the distinction between Jesus and the character of Brian to make a contrast between the traditional Christ of both faith and cinema and the historical figure of Jesus in critical scholarship and how critical scholars have argued that ideas later got attributed to Jesus by his followers.

By contrast, neighboring Chinese leader Mao Zedong was mostly ignored and Kim Il-sung rejected most of his policies such as the Hundred Flowers Campaign and ( later ) the Cultural Revolution.

Four years later the club adopted the traditional uniform of blue and white vertical stripes at the insistence of the VFA, who wanted a visible contrast between Geelong's and Hotham ’ s uniforms.

The first version of this system was generally known as a web of trust to contrast with the X. 509 system, which uses a hierarchical approach based on certificate authority and which was added to PGP implementations later.

His papal coronation ran for the traditional five hours ( Pope Paul VI, by contrast, opted for a shorter ceremony, while later popes declined to be crowned ).

In contrast, the revision by Pope Pius XII, though limited to the liturgy of only five days of the Church's year, was much bolder, requiring changes even to canon law, which until then had prescribed that, with the exception of Midnight Mass for Christmas, Mass should not begin more than one hour before dawn or later than one hour after midday.

In contrast to the later Gnôme engines, and much like the later Clerget 9B and Bentley BR1 aviation rotaries, the Adams-Farwell rotaries had conventional exhaust and inlet valves mounted in the cylinder heads.

During the time of the Almoravids and especially the Almohads some were treated badly, in contrast to the policies of the earlier Umayyad Caliphs and later Emirs.

This later source is generally known as the republican source, since here, and elsewhere, it denigrates the actions and role of the monarchy ( particularly those of Saul ) and favours religious figures, in contrast to the other main source – the monarchial source – which treats the monarchy favourably.

Those writing for the church after the events of Stephen's later reign, such as John of Salisbury for example, paint the king as a tyrant due to his argument with the Archbishop of Canterbury ; by contrast, clerics in Durham regarded Stephen as a saviour, due to his contribution to the defeat of the Scots at the battle of the Standard.

Whatever pole of this contrast one emphasizes and whatever the tension between these two approaches to understanding the artistic imagination, it will be readily seen that they are not mutually exclusive, that they belong together.

A contrast of the scripture reading of, let us say, St. Augustine, John Bunyan, and Thomas Jefferson, all three of whom found in such study a real source of enlightenment, can tell us a great deal about these three men and the age that each represented and helped bring to conscious expression.

But the use of stress in comparison and contrast, for example, can undermine distinctions such as these.

and these capitals seem in turn to be pushed back by their placing, and by contrast with the corporeality of the woodgraining.

The contrast between the roles of these gods is reflected in the adjectives Apollonian and Dionysian.

Chinese languages treat these two phones differently ; for example in Mandarin, ( written b in Pinyin ) and ( written p ) contrast phonemically.

In contrast to bacterial pathogens, these apicomplexan parasites are eukaryote and share many metabolic pathways with their animal hosts.

: Subgroup 2f was added because these are serine-based carbapenemases, in contrast to the zinc-based carbapenemases included in group 3

By contrast, Liechtenstein and Monaco are considered democratic states, yet the ruling monarchs in these countries wield significant executive power.

In contrast to the tiger, these emperor penguin s show that teeth and claws are not necessary to be a carnivore.

Diocletian, by contrast, was prodigious in his affairs: there are around 1, 200 rescripts in his name still surviving, and these probably represent only a small portion of the total issue.

In contrast, eukaryotes have longer linear chromosomes and initiate replication at multiple origins within these.

By contrast with empiricism and idealism, which emphasize the epistemologically privileged status of sense data ( empirical ) and the primacy of Reason ( theoretical ) respectively, modern rationalism adds a third ' system of thinking ', ( as Gaston Bachelard has termed these areas ) and holds that all three are of equal importance: The empirical, the theoretical and the abstract.

By contrast, the EM far-field is composed of radiation that is free of the transmitter in the sense that ( unlike the case in an electrical transformer ) the transmitter requires the same power to send these changes in the fields out, whether the signal is immediately picked up, or not.

" What value Eubulides and the other Megarian philosophers placed on these paradoxes is unclear, but the Megarians were very interested in the logic of whole propositions, in contrast to Aristotle's logic of predicates.

He took his cast to the Napa Valley for much of the outdoor shooting, but these scenes were in sharp contrast to those obviously filmed on a Hollywood soundstage, resulting in a disjointed look to the film.

Two-thirds of these, or 10 percent of all languages, have unpaired voiced fricatives but no voicing contrast between any fricative pair.

In contrast, parties that obtain more constituency seats than their national share of the vote are allowed to keep these so-called overhang seats.

Of these Otello formed the climax to his reform of serious opera, and offers a suggestive contrast with the treatment of the same subject at a similar point of artistic development by the composer Giuseppe Verdi.

In contrast with the Reichsgut, which was mostly scattered and difficult to administer, these territories were relatively compact and thus easier to control.

In contrast to the varied development of these pronunciations is the relatively rapid development of modern Israeli Hebrew.

The Young Hegelians, by contrast, took Hegel's thoughts on societies shaped by the forces of social conflict for a doctrine of progress, and attempted to chart a course that would manipulate these forces to lead to various improved outcomes.

Quasi-judicial institutions, by contrast, make rulings on cases, but these rulings are not in themselves legally binding ; the main example is the individual complaints mechanisms available under the various UN human rights treaties.