The Pelagius Book by Paul Morgan is a historical novel that presents Pelagius as a gentle humanist emphasizing individual responsibility in contrast to Augustine's fierce fatalism.

In contrast to these criticisms, Harris received support from a number of humanist and atheist figures, including Ben Goldacre, Simon Singh and Dave Gorman.

Dualism was first seen implicitly in Egyptian Religious beliefs by the contrast of the Gods Set ( disorder, death ) and Osiris ( order, life ).

Heaven is often described as a " higher place ", the holiest place, a Paradise, in contrast to Hell or the Underworld or the " low places ", and universally or conditionally accessible by earthly beings according to various standards of divinity, goodness, piety, faith, or other virtues or right beliefs or simply the Will of God.

* monistic in contrast to Christian dualistic beliefs of a separation between body and spirit ;

In contrast to Fox Mulder's credulous " believer " character, Scully is a skeptic, choosing to base her beliefs on scientific explanations.

Reform Judaism ( North America ) has had a number of official platforms, but in contrast to rabbinic Judaism, rejects the view that Jews must have any specific beliefs.

In contrast, the scientific community, as referenced in statements made by organizations such as the United States National Science Foundation, maintains that scientific evidence does not support a variety of beliefs that have been characterized as paranormal.

" The echoes of the dying controversy are thus distinct and not very distant in this book, though it also offers in its larger outlook, in the author's evident uneasiness under the burden of inherited beliefs, and his inability to reconcile them with his new standpoint and accepted principles, a curious forecast of his later development, while in its positive premisses it presents a still more instructive contrast to the conclusions of his later dialectic.

In contrast, public participants, or posters, are those who join virtual communities and openly express their beliefs and opinions.

" In contrast to many other thinkers on the political right, he was an agnostic with regard to religious beliefs.

This belief of God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Ghost being physically distinct beings is in contrast to most denominations of Christianity which derive their beliefs of the relationship of the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost from creeds, such as the Nicean Creed, and early Catholic tradition.

A true instructional designer, Bruner's work also suggests that a learner ( even of a very young age ) is capable of learning any material so long as the instruction is organized appropriately, in sharp contrast to the beliefs of Piaget and other stage theorists.

" He also built up Nightcrawler's stout Catholic beliefs, a direct contrast to his demonic appearance.

* Apologetics / polemics – studying Christian theology as it compares to non-Christian worldviews in order to defend the faith and challenge beliefs that lie in contrast with Christianity

In contrast to Mulder's credulous " believer " character, Scully is the skeptic for the first seven seasons, choosing to base her beliefs on what science can prove.

In contrast, cognitivists saw lower level processes as continuous with higher level processes, being inferential and cognitively penetrable ( influenced by other cognitive domains, such as beliefs ).

Karelian culture is perceived as the purest expression of the Finnic myths and beliefs, less influenced by Germanic influence, in contrast to Finland's position between the East and the West.

In contrast to other belief systems, religious beliefs are usually codified.

In contrast, NSMs last longer than single issue campaigns and wish to see change on an ( inter ) national level on various issues in relation to their set of beliefs and ideals.

In 2000, following the collapse of the Camp David 2000 Summit and the beginning of the Second Intifada, the pair's relationship collapsed due to highly divergent political beliefs, with Subliminal being more right-wing and a Nationalist, in contrast with Nafar's sympathy for the Palestinian cause.

One of the features of humanity that the show does highlight, and to some degree contrast with the alien civilizations ( with the possible exception of the Narn who are also noted as having an extensive selection of religious beliefs ), is the existence of a large number of religions, none of which can claim to be the dominant belief system.

As a Soka Gakkai Buddhist, Maxi's strong beliefs and the band's own strong individual beliefs, contrast with the name ' Faithless ', which was chosen during the writing of the song " Salva Mea ".

Austin did not use the distinction between different directions of fit to contrast commands or expressions of intention to assertions, or desires to beliefs.

On Java, for instance, this tension was expressed in a contrast between the traditionalist santri and abangan, an indigenous blend of native and Hindu-Buddhist beliefs with Islamic practices sometimes also called Javanism, kejawen, agama Jawa, or kebatinan.

It is clear that Camus's sympathy in this contrast of ideas lies with Rieux and Tarrou.

In contrast, Evangelical groups, while they typically agree on the theology " fundamentals " as expressed in The Fundamentals, often are willing to participate in events with religious groups who do not hold to the essential doctrines.

In contrast to this point of view, practices such as Humanistic Judaism reject the religious aspects of Judaism, while retaining certain cultural traditions.

In contrast, in several European countries ( e. g. Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Switzerland ), religious unions have existed for decades.

However, there is also research suggesting that people are often helped by extended families and supportive religious leaders who listen with kindness and respect, which can often contrast with usual practice in psychiatric diagnosis and medication.

Because it is not the job of science to define human morality, a religious experience is an attempt to connect with a perceived moral past, which is in contrast with the technological present.

In contrast, some Reconstructionist movements, like those who practise Theodism, take a stricter religious approach, and only recognize certain historical texts and sources as being relevant to their belief system, intentionally focusing on one culture to the exclusion of others, and having a general disdain for the eclectic mentality.

The Old Testament is a Christian term for a collection of religious writings of ancient Israel that form the major and first section of Christian Bibles, in contrast to the Christian New Testament which deals explicitly with the 1st century Christianity.

The word Prakrit itself has a flexible definition, being defined sometimes as " original, natural, artless, normal, ordinary, usual ", or " vernacular ", in contrast to the literary and religious orthodoxy of Sanskrit.

Among believers, 55. 3 % assert they almost never go to any religious service, by contrast, 17. 0 % attend one or more masses almost every week.

This later source is generally known as the republican source, since here, and elsewhere, it denigrates the actions and role of the monarchy ( particularly those of Saul ) and favours religious figures, in contrast to the other main source – the monarchial source – which treats the monarchy favourably.

In this respect, as a king regarded as saintly for his life while ruling — in contrast to a king who gives up the kingship in favour of religious life, or who is venerated because of the manner of his death — Bede's portrayal of Oswald stands out as unusual.

In contrast, Dash states that they did not have a religious motive to kill and that the colonial sources were wrong and prejudiced in that respect.

In contrast to his deeply religious, frail brother, William was powerfully built, redheaded, and headstrong.

Evidence suggests the goal of this practice was to ensure the continuity of cultural and religious practices ; in contrast to the Western idea of extending family lines.

The play casts criticism on authoritarian religious leaders and also depicts the positive and colorful view of life and generous spirit of a character in the play, which is in stark contrast to that of another character, an authoritarian religious leader.

It was an age of intense religious passions, which Elizabeth managed to tone down in contrast to previous and succeeding eras of religious violence.

In contrast to the rest of France, there was a relative religious tolerance, although the French authorities tried to promote Catholicism ; Strasbourg Cathedral, for example, which had been Lutheran from 1524 to 1681, was returned to the Catholic Church.

According to Eliz Sanasarian " Of all non-Muslim religious minorities the persecution of the Bahais has been the most widespread, systematic, and uninterrupted .… In contrast to other non-Muslim minorities, the Bahais have been spread throughout the country in villages, small towns, and various cities, fueling the paranoia of the prejudiced.

Irish monasteries, by contrast, had experienced a catastrophic decline in numbers, such that by the 16th century, it appears that only a minority maintained the daily religious observance of the Divine Office.

In contrast to a vision of masses blindly manipulated by a religious elite, the ties of taalibes to their marbabouts are frequently far more contingent and tenuous than assumed.

In contrast to the metaphysical poets was John Milton's Paradise Lost, an epic religious poem in blank verse.

By contrast, many cultures with a strong religious tradition consider a far broader range of activities to be serious crimes.