Johnson supported Martin Van Buren and early on expressed an interest in the public lands, eventually being considered a father of the Homestead Act of 1862.

* Wade Hampton Hamilton: Son of Scarlett and Charles, born in early 1862.

This early practice lead to Iowa State Agricultural College and Model Farm opening its doors to Iowa students for free in 1869 under the Morrill Act ( or Land-grant Act ) of 1862.

Henry David ThoreauHenry David Thoreau ( 1817 – 1862 ) was an important early influence in individualist anarchist thought in the United States and Europe.

Henry David Thoreau ( 1817 – 1862 ) was an important early influence in individualist anarchist thought in the United States and Europe.

This diluted the limited resources of the South and made it vulnerable to coordinated strategic thrusts by the Union into the vital Western Theater ( e. g., the capture of New Orleans in early 1862 ).

Maxwell's equations are named after the Scottish physicist and mathematician James Clerk Maxwell, since in an early form they are all found in a four-part paper, " On Physical Lines of Force ", which he published between 1861 and 1862.

While serving in the army in early 1862, Garfield was approached by friends about political opportunities resulting from the redrawn 19th Ohio Congressional District ; it was believed that the incumbent, John Hutchins, was vulnerable.

The Seven Days Battles followed in late June and early July 1862, during which Union General McClellan threatened to take Richmond but ultimately failed.

As early as 1862, during the Civil War, Grant had appointed the Ohio military chaplain John Eaton to protect and gradually incorporate refugee slaves in west Tennessee and northern Mississippi into the Union War effort, and pay them for their labor.

Jean-Baptiste Biot ( 21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862 ) was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light.

As early as December 28, 1862, armed Mexican bandits crossed into Los Ebanos, captured a Confederate wagontrain, and killed three teamsters.

In 1862, the rest of Umpqua county was absorbed into Douglas County, some say due to the loss of population following the end of the early gold boom, while others attribute the absorption to politics.

* Frank Hamilton Short, conservationist and advocate for states ' rights and private development of natural resources in the early 20th century ( born in Shelby County in 1862 )

In early 1862 the Missouri State Guard was disbanded and regular Confederate Army units were formed.

Following the Confederate retreat in early 1862, however, Union soldiers occupied Princeton for the remainder of the war.

Custer's West Point class ( originally the Class of 1862 ) was graduated a year early to meet the Army's pressing need for trained officers.

After the battle, he was assigned to the 5th U. S. Cavalry, with which he served through the early days of the Peninsula Campaign in 1862.

In a letter to George du Maurier in early 1862, he described it as:

Following the Confederate retreat in early 1862, however, Union soldiers occupied Princeton for the remainder of the war.

Two industrial villages developed to supplement the agricultural economy, with such businesses as the Rumford Chemical Works, but what had been the industrial area of the town in the late 18th and early 19th century was lost when East Providence was incorporated in 1862 taking half of the town's territory, two-thirds of its valuation and more than two-thirds of its population.

A Union victory at the Battle of Pea Ridge in northwest Arkansas in early 1862 solidified Union control over Missouri for the remainder of the war, although guerrilla warfare would continue until its end.

Although Eddy claimed to have first privately published biblical studies as early as 1862 ( Eddy, 1934: pp. viii: 24 – 32 ), she wrote that her discovery of Christian Science, which inspired the book, took place in 1866.

In 1862 during the early stages of the American Civil War, New Bern was the site of the Battle of New Bern.

During the winter of 1861 and early 1862 the town was significantly fortified by the Confederacy and served as a supply depot for both sides at various points in the war, and is famous for being the site of the construction of the first railroad ever built exclusively for military use, the Centreville Military Railroad.

Considered by Confederate President Jefferson Davis to be the finest general officer in the Confederacy before the emergence of Robert E. Lee, he was killed early in the Civil War at the Battle of Shiloh and was the highest-ranking officer, Union or Confederate, killed during the entire war.

In early July, the expedition marched northward from Anclote River to Brooksville, meeting some resistance from assembled Confederate troops hastily organized to protect the city.

In early 1864, Breckinridge was brought to the Eastern Theater and put in charge of Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley.

He fought at the Battle of Monocacy in early July and was with Early when the Confederate force probed the defenses of Washington, D. C ..

During the chaos of the fall of Richmond in early April 1865, Breckinridge saw to it that the Confederate archives, both government and military, were not destroyed but rather captured intact by the Union forces.

Thereafter early in 1861, some 450 Navarro County men enlisted in the new Confederate States of America army.

Bynum details the expedition of Col. Robert Lowry into the area to address Confederate concerns about deserter collaboration with the Union Army, with reports such as that made on March 29, 1864 by Captain W. Wirt Thomason that the deserters were frequently in company of Yankees and warnings in early April by Daniel P. Logan that the deserter bands, " openly boasting of their being in communication with the Yankees ", were assembling in the area of Honey Island, adding that:

Some notable persons either born in or who resided in Columbia County include: Oliver Hardy ( comedian, born in Harlem ), Paul Hamilton Hayne ( poet and author ), Henry Louis Benning ( Confederate general for whom Fort Benning is named ), William Few, Abraham Baldwin, George Walton, George W. Crawford, William H. Crawford ( presidential candidate in 1824 ), Thomas Watson ( populist leader and Georgia senator born in Thomson when it was still in Columbia County ), George McDuffie ( South Carolina governor and senator in the early 19th century ), Jesse Mercer ( a long-time preacher in the county for whom Mercer University is named ).

According to the historian John D. Winters in his The Civil War in Louisiana ( 1863 ), Concordia, " a planter-dominated parish, displayed unusual Confederate patriotism in early March.

Upstairs exhibits include photographs and a machine for cutting rice stalks, displays of early dental and medical equipment, pictures of war maneuvers during World War II, and a letter from Confederate States of America soldier David Dunn to his wife.

A major crossroads in early Alabama, Blountsville became a Confederate depot for the cavalry.

Wetumpka was never harmed by Federal troops, who did not arrive in the area until early 1865 and were determined to push quickly on to Montgomery to punish the former Confederate capital before the war ended.

That fall, for example, Confederate forces ranged from 35, 000 to 60, 000, whereas the Army of the Potomac in September numbered 122, 000 men ; in early December 170, 000 ; by year end, 192, 000.

It includes several distinctive residences such as the Judge Ira Fields home ( 1897 ); the cut stone Palumbo House, and Italian villa-inspired house built by master stonemason John Palumbo ; the stately Salyers House Bed and Breakfast, built for Confederate States of America Col. Logan Henry Neal Salyer in the early 20th century ; and a Dutch Colonial style home ordered from the Sears Modern Home Catalog and delivered to its owner, in pieces, by railcar in 1928.

The place became a battlefield again in the early days of the Civil War when Confederate troops mounted an assault on Battery Jameson, Fort Lincoln, now northeast Washington, D. C., which was one of a number Union defensive forts built around the nation's capital to protect it from capture.

The decision of a group of ladies to decorate the Union and Confederate graves with flowers together on April 25, 1866, is an early example of what became Memorial Day.

Doctor Edwin Price, brother of famed Confederate general Sterling Price, was an early settler.

The rebel " Stars & Bars " also flew over Carthage to the west in 1861, following an early Confederate victory at the Battle of Carthage on July 5.

From mid-June to early July, those residents of Greencastle who had not fled to safety lived under Confederate rule.

In 1865, during the early days of the Reconstruction Era, the city became the birthplace of the first Ku Klux Klan, founded by six Tennessee veterans of the Confederate Army.