Most of his opponents succumbed at Mohács: the Hungarian branch of the Jagiellon dynasty became defunct, and its pro-Habsburg following was decimated.

Although at first pro-Habsburg Ukrainian and Polish peasant representation was considerable in this body ( about half the assembly ), and the pressing social and Ukrainian questions were discussed, administrative pressures limited the effectiveness of both peasant and Ukrainian representatives and the Diet of Galicia became dominated by the Polish aristocracy and gentry, who favoured further autonomy.

After the reconciliation of Louis XIII with his mother, Marie de Medici, through his agency, he was appointed a councillor of state, but had to resign this office, owing to his pro-Habsburg policy, which was opposed by Richelieu.

However, Stefan Potocki was one of the pro-Habsburg magnates and Gabriel Batory, the anti-Habsburg ruler of Transylvania, removed Constantin Movilă in 1611.

Cecilia advocated the Habsburg and pro-Catholic point of view and allied herself with the pro-Habsburg faction of chancellor Jerzy Ossoliński and pro-Catholic Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł.

From 1644 he switched his alignment from pro-Habsburg to pro-French and supported the second marriage of King Władysław with Ludwika Maria Gonzaga.

This intrigue, coupled with Ottomans annoyance with Commonwealth pro-Habsburg actions and constant attempts by some Polish magnates to gain influence in Moldavia, caused a new war to be unavoidable.

Here, with the position of resident ambassador in the court of Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, leader of the Holy League, he pursued the union of the pro-Habsburg forces with the German Emperor Ferdinand II and with Catholic powers.

A civil war erupted, with Francis Batthyány leading the pro-Habsburg faction and Christoph Frankopan leading the pro-Zapolya faction.

As a leader of the pro-Habsburg faction at the royal court, he found an ally in the second wife of Władysław IV Waza, Cecilia Renata of Austria, daughter of Ferdinand II.

Louis repudiated her pro-Habsburg policy in 1617.

The king overturned the pro-Habsburg, pro-Spanish foreign policy pursued by his mother, ordered the assassination of Concini, exiled the queen to the Château de Blois and appointed Richelieu to his bishopric.

By 1685, the castle passed into the possession of Michael Apafi, the pro-Habsburg Prince of Transylvania.

In early December, a Spanish force commanded by Ugo de Moncada landed near Genoa, intending to interfere in a conflict between pro-Valois and pro-Habsburg factions in the city.

His will left the throne of Transylvania to his treasurer, the pro-Habsburg Gáspár Békés, but the nobles did not honor his wishes and elected István Báthory as their prince.

There was no hope of reassembling the council while the very anti-Protestant Paul IV was Pope.

The persecution of witches began in 1563, and hundreds were executed, although there was nothing like the frenzy on the Continent Mary had tried her hand at an aggressive anti-Protestant Inquisition and was hated for it ; it was not to be repeated.

The first Calvinists appeared in the area in 1542 ; by 1555 anti-Protestant oppression was taking place.

In 1685 Louis revoked the Edict of Nantes, which had previously granted various rights to French Protestants ; the subsequent royal crackdown was driven by the king's strongly anti-Protestant views.

It was also under l ' Hôpital's influence that the royal council in 1564 refused to authorize the publication of the anti-Protestant acts of the Council of Trent, on account of their inconsistency with the Gallican liberties.

On 15 January 1674 he was impeached by the Commons, the specific charges being " popery ", corruption, and the betrayal of his trust — Buckingham in his own defence having accused him the day before of being the chief instigator of the French and anti-Protestant policy, of the scheme of governing by consent.

Religious division and hatred was, therefore, never completely buried and a minority of the Defenders did not reject completely their previous anti-Protestant outlook.

The progenitor of the Terre ' Blanche name ( translatable as either ' white land ' or ' white earth ' in French ) in the region was a French Huguenot refugee, Estienne Terreblanche from Toulon ( Provence ), who arrived at the Cape in 1704, fleeing anti-Protestant persecution in France.

The 19th Street Gang was a New York predominantly Irish street gang during the 1870s known as a particularly violent anti-Protestant gang.

However this reaction is primarily based on mutual bias and emotionalism, rather than actual proof of a con-comittant anti-religious bias, as the establishment policies were based more on economics and politics than any true religious beliefs, and anti-Protestant sentiment was more a reaction of disappointment to such exclusivism, than hatred.

Up to 1564, any criticism of governmental measures voiced by William and the other members of the opposition had ostensibly been directed at Granvelle ; however, after the latter's departure early that year, William, who may have found increasing confidence in his alliance with the Protestant princes of Germany following his second marriage, began to openly criticize the King's anti-Protestant politics.

In 1559, Parliament recognised Elizabeth as the Church's supreme governor, with a new Act of Supremacy that also repealed the remaining anti-Protestant legislation.

Scarisbrick describes the work as " one of the most successful pieces of Catholic polemics produced by the first generation of anti-Protestant writers.

In the film he is shown as working for Sir Francis Walsingham by reporting back information regarding Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk's anti-Protestant plans.

Its notes were strongly anti-Protestant, and in its preface it explains its existence by saying that Protestants have been guilty of " casting the holy to dogs and pearls to hogs.

The mixture of religious and national identities on both sides reinforces both anti-Catholic and anti-Protestant sectarian prejudice in the province.

Protestants in England and Wales were executed under anti-Protestant legislation that punished anyone judged guilty of heresy against the Catholic faith.

He was known for his " free soil " stance of opposing both slavery and abolitionism.

The formality of their stance seems to be related with the Egyptian precedent, but it was accepted for a good reason.

Sagan said he took this stance not because he thought astrology had any validity, but because he thought that the tone of the statement was authoritarian, and that dismissing astrology because there was no mechanism ( while " certainly a relevant point ") was not in itself convincing.

The dance was initially met with tremendous opposition due to the semblance of impropriety associated with the closed hold, though the stance gradually softened.

Some of his policies, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement and welfare reform, have been attributed to a centrist Third Way philosophy of governance, while on other issues his stance was left-of-center.

However, most of this aid has been targeted at the Federation ; the previous government of the RS was anti-Dayton and not assisted by the U. S. The election of the " Sloga " or " Unity " Coalition government, led by Prime Minister Dodik, has shifted the balance of power in the Republika Srpska ( RS ) to a pro-Dayton stance and will result in an upsurge of funding to the RS from the international community.

Because less defensive emphasis was placed on the use of the forearms and more on the gloves, the classical forearms outwards, torso leaning back stance of the bare knuckle boxer was modified to a more modern stance in which the torso is tilted forward and the hands are held closer to the face.

" This stance was frequently questioned by some member states.

This tradition was interrupted for several decades in mainland China, where the official stance of the Communist Party and the State was that Confucius and Confucianism represented reactionary feudalist beliefs which held that the subservience of the people to the aristocracy is a part of the natural order.

The editorial stance was that the Boston populace feared that inoculation spread, rather than prevented, the disease ; however, some historians, notably H. W. Brands, have argued that this position was a result of editor-in-chief James Franklin's ( Benjamin Franklin's brother ) contrarian positions.

On December 6 the Pope issued a statement to further emphasize that the Church continued to support its traditional stance that salvation was available to believers of other faiths: " The gospel teaches us that those who live in accordance with the Beatitudes -- the poor in spirit, the pure of heart, those who bear lovingly the sufferings of life -- will enter God's kingdom.

This document, which was accepted by the Palestinian National Council ( PNC ) after lobbying by Fatah and DFLP, cautiously introduced the concept of a two-state solution in the PLO, and caused a split in the organization leading to the formation of the Rejectionist Front, where radical organizations such as the PFLP, PFLP-GC, Palestine Liberation Front and others gathered with the backing of Syria, Libya and Iraq to oppose Arafat and the mainstream PLO stance.

Around 1900, Germany in particular was taking a more aggressive stance towards the territory and was accused of sabotage and of obstructing the administrative process in order to force the issue.

His extensive campaigning on this stance was widely seen as swinging the election to the SPD in the weeks running up to the election.

This was considered essential for the Conservatives, as the EPP was generally seen as quite favourable to European integration, a stance at odds with their core ideology.

Protestant missionaries campaigning against it tried to gain support from humanitarian and women's rights groups in London, where the issue was raised in the House of Commons, and in Kenya itself a person's stance toward FGM became a test of loyalty, either to the Christian churches or to the Kikuyu Central Association.