Gymnosporangium is a genus of heteroecious plant-pathogenic fungi which alternately infect members of the family Cupressaceae, primarily species in the genus Juniperus ( junipers ), and members of the family Rosaceae in the subfamily Maloideae ( apples, pears, quinces, shadbush, hawthorns, rowans and their relatives ).

Although termed cedar or cedarwood oils, the most important oils of this group are produced from distilling wood of a number of different junipers and cypresses ( Juniperus and Cupressus spp., of the family Cupressaceae ), rather than true cedars ( Cedrus spp., of the family Pinaceae ).

Many junipers ( e. g. J. chinensis, J. virginiana ) have two types of leaves: seedlings and some twigs of older trees have needle-like leaves 5 – 25 mm long ; and the leaves on mature plants are ( mostly ) tiny ( 2 – 4 mm long ), overlapping and scale-like.

In the higher altitudes ( 3, 300 – 6, 300 mi ( 1, 000 – 1, 200 m )) appear pine trees Pinus pinaster and Pinus pinea, as well as Holm ( Quercus ilex ), junipers ( Juniperus oxycedrus ) and jarales Cistus ladanifer.

The family includes 27 to 30 genera ( 17 monotypic ), which include the junipers and redwoods, with about 130-140 species in total.

murrayana ), Sugar Pine ( Pinus lambertiana ), Parry Pinyon ( Pinus quadrifolia ), White Fir ( Abies concolor ), California Incense Cedar ( Calocedrus decurrens ), and junipers.

They typically inhabit scrub forests made up primarily of oaks ( Quercus ilex ), pines ( Pinus gerardiana ), and junipers ( Juniperus macropoda ).

1988 ), featuring 1. 2 ha ( 3 acres ) of conifers: firs, spruces, hemlocks, junipers, pines, etc., and a variety of native shrubs.

* Woodlands-three woodlands planted on earth excavated for the construction of Broad Center and Broad Hall, representing four types of southern California woodland: pinyon pines, junipers, Yucca whipplei, Apache plum, endangered Englemann oaks ( Quercus englemanni ), Coast live oaks ( Q. agrifolia ), cottonwood trees ( Populus balsamifera & P. fremontii ), Golden currant ( Ribes aureum ), and California fan palms ( Washingtonia filifera ).

Common vegetation associated with the squirrel includes Atriplex and Ephedra, and some junipers.

In the 1940s, it was realised that two species of scale insect, Lepidosaphes newsteadi and Carulaspis minima, had accidentally been introduced, and were rapidly killing off the junipers, which had no immunity to their toxicological effect.

* Three species of bilberry are associated with the junipers.

The junipers are divided into several sections, though ( particularly among the scale-leaved species ) which species belong to which sections is still far from clear, with research still on-going.

These are to be replaced by native species, especially junipers in the chinampa areas.

This species often grows in mixed in stands with several other pines and / or junipers, in Arizona most often with Apache Pine and Alligator Juniper, but also grows in pure stands.

The site contains enough water to support live oaks ( a specimen is visible in the image to the right ) and junipers, species which survive from the last ice age.

Native grasses thrive in many parts of the monument despite competition from western junipers, medusahead rye, Dalmatian toadflax, cheatgrass, and other invasive species.

Major species found in the region include dwarf rhododendrons ( Rhododendron anthopogon, R. setosum ) and junipers.

The sparse woodlands of widely scattered western junipers and lodgepole pines are interrupted by patches of montaine chaparral species such as Pinemat Manzanita, Huckleberry Oak, and Mountain Pride Penstemon clinging to the expanses of barren rock.

Bio-life is characteristic of its three climate areas: conifers above 1200 m, plateau with grass and junipers ; numerous endemic species ( like Munika Pine ).

The fungus does not cause serious damage to junipers, but apple and pear trees can suffer serious loss of fruit production due to the effects of the fungus.

Provisionally, all the other junipers are included here, though they form a paraphyletic group.

*' Cole's Prostrate ' - a groundcover form that can also be used in bonsai as an alternative to the prostrate junipers, it slowly grows to only 30 cm tall with a 1. 3 m spread, with the central stems eventually becoming visible.

The gardens include: an aquatic collection ; butterfly garden and 2, 880 square foot ( 270 m² ) butterfly house featuring pansy exhibits during the winter ; greenhouse for tropical plants ; juniper collection with more than 30 types of junipers ; peony collection of 104 cultivars ; pinetum ; rock garden with sedum and sempervivum ; rose garden with more than 350 rose plants ; sensory garden ; Shakespearean garden ; woodlands with azaleas, dogwoods, elm, hackberry, honey locust, mulberry, osage orange, and redbuds ; and Xeriscape demonstration garden.

The shoots are fairly thick compared to most junipers, 1. 5 – 2 mm diameter.

The shoots are fairly thick compared to most junipers, between 1. 5 and 2 millimeters ( 0. 059-0. 079 in.

A study of mistletoe in junipers concluded that more juniper berries sprout in stands where mistletoe is present, as the mistletoe attracts berry-eating birds which also eat juniper berries.

Western junipers, which have extensive root systems, thrive in the dry climate ; in the absence of periodic fires they tend to displace grasses and sagebrush and to create relatively barren landscapes.

Extensive horizontal mesas are capped by sedimentary formations and support woodlands of junipers, pinon, and ponderosa pines, each favoring different elevations.

The severity of Cedar-apple rust disease can be managed by removal of basidiospore producing galls from junipers or the application of protective fungicides to junipers.

Underwater archaeology of the caldera basin to the north shows that the area was once densely forested with junipers when it was above sea level.

As that industry died out in the 19th century, however, the junipers rapidly recovered their numbers.

* The common junipers grow at elevations above the rhododendrons.

Since juniper prefers a more alkaline soil, it is sometimes possible to locate the margins of the ancient sea from a distance by looking for the distinctive light green color of junipers growing on the more alkaline oceanic dolomite deposits between the island hills.

Here the Ponderosa Pine forest transitions into the high desert, characterized by arid land, junipers, sagebrush, and bitter-brush.

A little higher, junipers are common.

The needle-leaves of junipers are hard and sharp, making the juvenile foliage very prickly to handle.

Juniperus: Needle-leaf junipers.

Sabina: Scale-leaf junipers.

Some junipers are susceptible to Gymnosporangium rust disease, and can be a serious problem for those people growing apple trees, the alternate host of the disease.

Many Coccidiomorpha have an intermediate host as well as a primary host, and the evolution of hosts proceeded in different ways and at different times in these groups.

Many of the most common primary pathogens of humans only infect humans, however many serious diseases are caused by organisms acquired from the environment or which infect non-human hosts.

Their primary hosts are vertebrates ; Leishmania commonly infects hyraxes, canids, rodents, and humans.

Heteroecious rust fungi require two unrelated hosts to complete their life cycle, with the primary host being infected by aeciospores and the alternate host being infected with basidiospores.

The " Velma V. Morrison Center for the Performing Arts " has 2, 000 seats in its primary performance hall, and hosts a wide variety of fine arts performances, including the Broadway in Boise series, concerts and other events.

Jennings Medical Clinic hosts 2 physicians and 2 mid-level providers, alongside qualified support staff, for routine primary care practice.

Sankt Pölten hosts a primary base of the Lower Austrian state sports school.

St. Jakobi, the Lutheran primary school at Lyndoch, hosts the Barossa Airshow annually as its fundraiser.

Secondary hosts are usually only used if there is a severe lack of available primary hosts.

It contains 2 primary schools, one secondary school and one college which hosts students from the surrounding communities, and provides access to the only mainland bay.

It hosts an Area Support Unit ( ASU ) of the Canadian Forces, which functions as a primary recruit and officer training establishment.

X-Play's primary set consisted of a single couch, coffee table and television ( with working game consoles ) positioned in the middle of the large studio floor, but hosts Sessler and Webb would migrate around various areas of the studio, normally not even going to their actual set until the end of the program.

It had three primary hosts over the years: Jules Asner ( 1997 – 1999 ), Brooke Burke ( 1999 – 2002 ), and Cindy Taylor ( 2002 – 2003 ).

Redbay and Swampbay are the primary host plants for members of the Papilio troilus ilioneus strain, while spicebush and sassafras as the primary hosts for Papilio troilus troilus.

Although theoretical scientific research is the Institute's primary focus, it hosts a number of complex systems summer schools, internships, and other educational programs throughout the year.

Alloway hosts a primary school, library, post office, general store, church, pharmacy, and gift shop.

It hosts meetings and is the primary forum for communicating the party's message to members.

The network's primary studio is located in the CBC Regional Broadcast Centre in Vancouver, although Craig Norris hosts from Toronto, and guest hosts typically host from a CBC studio in their home city.

The day consists of giving essential information to new students and their families, but its primary objective is to build relationships: relationships between the new students and other new students, between the new students and their upper division student hosts, between new students and administration and faculty, and between the students ' families and the school.

Mark Steines and Nancy O ' Dell took on the roles of primary hosts of the show once Hart left.

Although rats, mice, and moles are important primary hosts, a wide range of other mammals including dogs, deer, rabbits, hedgehogs, cows, sheep, raccoons, opossums, skunks, and certain marine mammals are able to carry and transmit the disease as secondary hosts.