While Merlot seemed to thrive in clay and limestone based soils ( such as those of the Right Bank regions of the Gironde estuary ), Cabernet Sauvignon seemed to perform better in the gravel based soil of the Médoc region on the Left Bank.

The soil composition of Chile's vineyards varies from the clay dominated landscapes of Colchagua, which is thus heavily planted with the clay-loving Merlot, to the mixture of loam, limestone and sand found in other regions.

The well-drained soil consists mainly of deep gravel beds over a limestone sub-strata, and it is planted predominantly with red wine grape varieties ( 73 % Cabernet Sauvignon, 15 % Merlot, 10 % Cabernet Franc and 2 % Petit Verdot ).

Heading closer to the city of Sancerre the soil picks up more gravel mixed with the limestone and tends to produce more light bodied wines with delicate perfumes.

Broadly speaking, Pinot noir tends to be planted in areas with high proportion of marl while Chardonnay is most often found in vineyards that are dominated by limestone.

The bottom of the Lower Lincolnshire limestone has some of the characteristics of the underlying Lower Estuarine Series, in that it tends to contain more than usual amounts of sand.

Karst topography and caves develop in limestone rocks due to their solubility in dilute acidic groundwater.

In the nearby Les Perrieres vineyard, the topsoil is only around 12 inches ( 30 centimeters ) above the limestone and the wine from that region is much more powerful, minerally and tight, needing longer in the bottle to develop fully.

Soil composition is primarily sand and clay rather than limestone, so very few sinkholes develop ; however deep, large diameter sinkholes do occur.

Planted with soils higher in sand, limestone, iron, phosphorus and potassium, the wines of Serralunga Valley tend to be austere and powerful and require significant aging ( at least 12 – 15 years ) to develop.

As it percolates down through cracks in the limestone it opens up fissures and channels, often of considerable depth, so that whole systems of underground drainage develop.

A low base level is a prerequisite for the formation of karst topography, a network of sinkholes and caverns that can develop as slightly acidic groundwater enlarges joints ( by solution ) in limestone rock.

The presence of the line allowed Wirksworth's limestone business to develop, the carriage of which was its mainstay until the middle of the 20th century.

It is less soluble than limestone in weakly acidic groundwater, but it can still develop solution features over time.

The proximity of Red Mountain's ore to nearby sources of coal and limestone was the impetus to develop and promote the Birmingham District as an industrial site.

There is also a large amount of mineral wealth in the county, including lead, barytes, limestone, coal and iron, which helped the area develop the industrial revolution west of Clee Hill and, later, in the Ironbridge Gorge area.

Some are no more than a widening of a stream valley ; others, such as the Konya Ovasi, are large basins of inland drainage or are the result of limestone erosion.

In areas where resistant strata ( sedimentary rock layers ), such as sandstone or limestone, overlie more easily eroded strata such as shale, rock overhangs formed.

Kelleys Island was depicted by the Chicago Tribune as having charms that were " more subtle " than Put-in-Bay, and offers amenities such as beach lounging, hiking, biking, and " marveling at deep glacial grooves left in limestone.

Geologists use the term " marble " to refer to metamorphosed limestone ; however stonemasons use the term more broadly to encompass unmetamorphosed limestone.

Because the plateau of Jebel Akhdar is porous limestone, rainfall seeps quickly through it, and the vegetation, which might be expected to be more lush, is meager.

Its fossil remains have been found primarily in the Solnhofen limestone of Bavaria, Germany, dated to the late Jurassic Period ( early Tithonian ), about 150. 8-148. 5 million years ago, though more fragmentary remains have been identified from elsewhere in Europe and in Africa.

Aside from recent deposits along river valleys, only two small fragments of Jurassic ( 140 to 190 million years ago ) sediment occur in Puttalam District, while a more extensive belt of Miocene ( 5 to 20 million years ago ) limestone is found along the northwest coast, overlain in many areas by Pleistocene ( 1 million years ago ) deposits.

Fine-grained aquifers, such as sandstones, are more apt to filter out pollutants from the surface than are rocks with cracks and crevices, such as limestone or other rocks fractured by seismic activity.

Oolite is more a limestone than a sandstone, but is made of sand-sized carbonate ooids, and is common in saline beaches with gentle wave action.

Stalactites can also form on concrete, and on plumbing where there is a slow leak and limestone ( or other minerals ) in the water supply, although they form much more rapidly there than in the natural cave environment ( description and experiments see literature ).

Some are no more than a widening of a stream valley ; others, such as the Konya Ovasi, are large basins of inland drainage or are the result of limestone erosion.

The eight main islands and more than 299 smaller islands have a total land area of, primarily of low, flat limestone with extensive marshes and mangrove swamps and of beach front.

Nearby is the limestone Ebbor Gorge, a Site of Special Scientific Interest ( SSSI ) and a more tranquil spot than the busy Wookey Hole, which is itself an SSSI for both biological and geological reasons.

The outlying regions, falling under the more basic " Petit Chablis " appellation, are planted on portlandian limestone which produces wines with less finesse.

Lapis lazuli is found in limestone in the Kokcha River valley of Badakhshan province in northeastern Afghanistan, where the Sar-e-Sang mine deposits have been worked for more than 6, 000 years.

The whole island, composed as it is of various limestone formations, presents great diversity of surface, and views from more elevated spots are magnificent.

Marlstone is an indurated rock of about the same composition as marl, more correctly called an earthy or impure argillaceous limestone.

This limestone canyon, also called the ' Grand Canyon of Verdon ', 20 kilometres in length and more than 300 metres deep, is a popular climbing and sight-seeing area.

In-situ bolts and pitons are more acceptable on limestone and some crags are almost exclusively bolted.

It resists heavy frosts and grows on all types of soils and can grow well in limestone areas and even salty or saline, this makes it more abundant near the sea.

Other buildings include a temple dedicated to Caesar ; a hippodrome rebuilt in the 2nd century as a more conventional theater ; the Tiberieum, which has a limestone block with a dedicatory inscription.

As one travels south and gets closer to the southern border, one begins to notice limestone outcroppings become more numerous and much closer to the surface.

Chenin blanc planted in soils with a high silex content will produce wines with distinctive minerally notes, while limestone based soils will encourage wines with sharp acidity.

Generally discarded material, ostraca were cheap, readily available and therefore frequently used for writings of an ephemeral nature such as messages, prescriptions, receipts, students exercises and notes: pottery shards, limestone flakes, thin fragments of other stone types, etc., but limestone sherds, being flaky and of a lighter color, were most common.

The limestone phase of the building is referred to as Pro-Parthenon I while the marble phase of the building as Pro-Parthenon II.

The eastern part of the Pyrenees consists largely of granite and gneissose rocks, while in the western part the granite peaks are flanked by layers of limestone.

In carbonate rocks such as limestone or chalk, chert or flint concretions are common, while terrestrial sandstones can have iron concretions.

Broward County is composed of Oolite limestone while western Broward is composed mostly of Bryozoa.

Although the sculpture on the portals at Chartres is generally of a high standard, the various carved elements inside, such as the capitals and string courses, are relatively poorly finished ( when compared for example with those at Reims or Soissons ) – the reason is simply that the portals were carved from the finest Parisian limestone, or ' ' calcaire ' ', while the internal capitals were carved from the local Berchere stone that is hard to work and can be brittle.

Granites, slates, lavas, limestone, iron ores, quartz veins, auriferous gravels, remnants of dead fire-rivers and dead water-rivers are developed here side by side within a radius of a few miles, and placed invitingly open before the student like a book, while the people and the region beyond the camp furnish mines of study of never-failing interest and variety.

One half of the site was decayed limestone while the other half was soft rock.

Early settlers to the area discovered that while there was a shortage of timber, limestone was plentiful, and therefore it was commonly used as a building material.

The hillsides are steep, layered with rock and limestone while the valleys still hold soil deposited here from the receding glaciers.

The geologic formations in the southeastern part of the city are mostly limestone, while those to the north and west consist mostly of siltstone and shale.

There were always problems with water supply, as no reservoirs were built, while the summit section near the tunnel ran through porous limestone, and there were constant difficulties with leakage.

Many of the older buildings in the town are of the local greensand, while others built from the grey Chilmark limestone, much of which was salvaged from the demolished Shaftesbury Abbey, and have thatched roofs.

The northern part of the prefecture features granite and metamorphic rocks, while the southern area features limestone, which is the foundation for the Tsukumi cement industry, and several limestone caves.

Stierlin argues that the missing left eye of the bust would have been a sign of disrespect in ancient Egypt, that no scientific records of the bust appear until 11 years after its supposed discovery, and while the paint pigments are ancient, the inner limestone core has never been dated.

The need for limestone increased with the growth of roads, while the demand for coal grew with the diminishing supply of timber.

In a blast furnace, fuel, ore, and flux ( limestone ) are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while air ( sometimes with oxygen enrichment ) is blown into the lower section of the furnace, so that the chemical reactions take place throughout the furnace as the material moves downward.

A listed limestone village pump was erected in 1899 in memory of F. A. Freshney who died from wounds inflicted while fighting in South Africa.

In November 1990, an ornate limestone ossuary was found while paving a road in the Peace Forest south of the Abu Tor neighborhood of Jerusalem.

The eastern side has a soil rich in clay, which was once used for brick making, while the western side is stonier and limestone strata, once quarried, can be seen at the Beaconsfield Golf Course.

The exterior is faced with Indiana limestone, while the interior features African Mahogany, Italian marble, terrazzo, gold-plated doorknobs, a silver and gold plated ceiling, ornamental bronze, hand wrought iron and three commissioned busts of George Washington.

Different provenances ( seed sources by geographic area ) or varieties are adapted to different soil types: Austrian and Pyrenees origins grow well on a wide range of soil types, Corsican origins grows poorly on limestone, while Turkish and Crimean origins grow well on limestone.