Such studies are often used to determine the genes implicated in a disorder: one might compare microarray data from cancerous epithelial cells to data from non-cancerous cells to determine the transcripts that are up-regulated and down-regulated in a particular population of cancer cells.

Some DNA-or RNA-binding enzymes can recognize specific base pairing patterns that identify particular regulatory regions of genes.

Hence, gene therapy can address only some genes that cause a particular disease.

While past conservation efforts were aimed at protecting particular species and habitats, the Convention recognizes that ecosystems, species and genes must be used for the benefit of humans.

The idea that a few people have about the gene being the target of selection is completely impractical ; a gene is never visible to natural selection, and in the genotype, it is always in the context with other genes, and the interaction with those other genes make a particular gene either more favorable or less favorable.

Because the vast majority of genes are encoded with exactly the same code ( see the RNA codon table ), this particular code is often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though in fact some variant codes have evolved.

There are genetic features that do not directly cause IBM but that appear to predispose a person to getting IBM-having this particular combination of genes increases one's susceptibility to getting IBM.

Some 67 % of IBM patients have a particular combination of human leukocyte antigen genes in a section of the 8. 1 ancestral haplotype in the center of the MHC class II region.

" He says " the makeup of a gene pool a human population's total reservoir of alternative genes causally affects the probability of any particular ideology being adopted.

" Blackmore meets such criticism by stating that memes compare with genes in this respect: that while a gene has no particular size, nor can we ascribe every phenotypic feature directly to a particular gene, it has value because it encapsulates that key unit of inherited expression subject to evolutionary pressures.

Here, domains act as modules, each with a particular and independent function, that can be mixed together to produce genes encoding new proteins with novel properties.

Here, domains act as modules, each with a particular and independent function, that can be mixed together to produce genes encoding new proteins with novel properties.

The work shows that the transcription start site for genes expressed in a particular tissue, are nucleosome depleted while, the same set of genes in other tissue where they are not expressed, are nucleosome bound.

Plasmids serve as important tools in genetics and biotechnology labs, where they are commonly used to multiply ( make many copies of ) or express particular genes.

The gene to be replicated is inserted into copies of a plasmid containing genes that make cells resistant to particular antibiotics and a multiple cloning site ( MCS, or polylinker ), which is a short region containing several commonly used restriction sites allowing the easy insertion of DNA fragments at this location.

In particular, the protecting genes are expressed ( used to make a protein ) and the expressed protein breaks down the antibiotics.

The presence of p53 response elements in or around genes ( promoters, upstream sequences, introns ) is a powerful predictor of regulation and activation of a particular gene by p53.

Inherent in sociobiological reasoning is the idea that certain genes or gene combinations that influence particular behavioral traits can be inherited from generation to generation.

Second, Southern blotting can also be used to identify methylated sites in particular genes.

Organ-scale differentiation, in particular the terminal ( irreversible ) differentiation present in animals, requires the individual cell ( and the genes contained within it ) to " sacrifice " their ability to reproduce, so that the colony is not disrupted.

Unlike oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes generally follow the " two-hit hypothesis ", which implies that both alleles that code for a particular protein must be affected before an effect is manifested.

Polymorphisms ( normal variations ) in particular genes have been linked with an increased risk of severe dengue complications.

Arithmetic coding achieves compression rates close to the best possible for a particular statistical model, which is given by the information entropy, whereas Huffman compression is simpler and faster but produces poor results for models that deal with symbol probabilities close to 1.

Examples include the genes coding for the proteins known as TNFα, mannan-binding lectin, CTLA4, TGFβ, DC-SIGN, and particular forms of human leukocyte antigen.

Some RFID cards, in particular EPC UHF Gen 2 RF cards, use a variant called " Miller sub-carrier coding ".

Promoters facilitate the transcription of a particular gene and are typically upstream of the coding region.

The programming style used in a particular program may be derived from the coding conventions of a company or other computing organization, as well as the preferences of the author of the code.

In particular, no source coding scheme can be better than the entropy of the source.

Short coding motifs, which appear to lack secondary structure, include those that label proteins for delivery to particular parts of a cell, or mark them for phosphorylation.

If the CompactPCI card operates on a particular VIO voltage the card shall have the respective coloured coding key.

In dummy coding, the reference group is assigned a value of 0 for each code variable, the group you are interested in comparing to the reference group is assigned a value of 1 for its specified code variable, while all other groups are assigned 0 for that particular code variable.

It is hypothesized that using an ICF Core Set will increase the inter-rater reliability when coding clinical cases as only the relevant categories for a particular patient will be utilized.

In particular, it can change its own coding rates based on the speaker's volume or pitch ; a louder or higher-pitched voice requires a higher rate.

In particular, genetic deregulations affecting genes coding for DPD, UGT1A1, TPMT, CDA and Cyp2D6 are now considered as critical issues for patients treated with 5-FU / capecitabine, irinotecan, mercaptopurine / azathioprine, gemcitabine / capecitabine / AraC and tamoxifen, respectively.

However, the DNA library coding for a particular library of binding proteins is genetically fused to a spacer sequence lacking a stop codon.

In addition, the coding allows for one-way connections on a map, meaning a particular " country " may be able to attack another, but not the other way around, which allows for unique strategies.

Neurons coding a particular movement reduce their responses with time of exposure to a constantly moving stimulus ; this is neural adaptation.

# Phenylketonuria ( PKU ) is a human genetic condition caused by mutations to a gene coding for a particular liver enzyme.

While the nonlinearity of neural color coding, as evidenced by the classical understanding of the Abney Effect and its use of white light to particular wavelengths of light, has been thoroughly studied in the past, a new method was undertaken by researchers at the University of Nevada.

If a work is divided into several large segments, a last-minute drawing of random numbers may determine the order of the segments for any particular performance.

The strongest appeal of the Copernican formulation consisted in just this: ideally, the justification for dealing with special problems in particular ways is completely set out in the basic ' rules ' of the theory.

Each will decide on his own course somewhere between these two extreme cases according to the sense of responsibility which is determined for him by the particular circumstances of his own life.

In particular, Governor Nelson Rockefeller has expressed as cogently and clearly as anyone the case for a resumption of atmospheric tests.

Second, we can make assistance for particular projects conditional on the consistency of such projects with the program.

It would seem, then, that movable property and equipment is not taxed as a whole but that certain types are taxed in towns where this is bound to be expedient for that particular kind of personal property.

The Armed Forces Epidemiological Board agreed to submit each month a report for one of its 12 commissions, so that each commission will report once a year on some phase of its work calculated to be of particular interest and value to medical officers of the Armed Forces.

Determine for each State ( except the Virgin Islands, Guam and Puerto Rico, and, prior to 1962, Alaska and Hawaii ) that percentage which bears the same ratio to 50% as the particular State's average per capita income bears to the average per capita income of the U. S..

If the resulting difference for the particular State is less or more than these extremes, the State's allotment percentage must be raised or lowered to the appropriate extreme.

Determine the particular State's unadjusted allotment for the particular fiscal year.

Determine for each State ( except the Virgin Islands, Guam, Puerto Rico, and, prior to 1962, Alaska and Hawaii ), that percentage which bears the same ration to 40% as the particular State's average per capita income bears to the average per capita income of the United States.

If the resulting difference for the particular State is less or more than these extremes, the State's Federal share must be raised or lowered to the appropriate extreme.

Petitioner was not entitled to have the hearing officer's notes and report, especially since he failed to show any particular need for them and he did have a copy of the Department of Justice's recommendation to the appeal board.

Petitioner was not entitled, either in the administrative hearing at the Department of Justice or at his trial, to inspect the original report of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, since he was furnished a resume of it, did not challenge its accuracy, and showed no particular need for the original report.

In addition, petitioner has failed to show any particular need for the report and notes.

The 20-to-1 ratio for cochannel interference embodies one of the fundamental limiting principles which we must always take into account in AM assignments and allocations -- that signals from a particular station are potential sources of objectionable interference over an area much greater than that within which they provide useful service.

For this reason, the more uncertain skywave service was denominated `` secondary '' in our rules, as compared to the steadier, more reliable groundwave `` primary service '', and, for both skywave service and skywave interference, signal strength is expressed in terms of percentage of time a particular signal-intensity level is exceeded -- 50 percent of the time for skywave service, 10 percent of the time for skywave interference.

Perhaps the outstanding standard bearer of Mr. Brown's tradition for accuracy was Mr. Oscar J. Beale, whose mechanical genius closely paralleled that of Mr. Brown, and whose particular forte was the development of the exceedingly accurate measuring machinery that enabled Brown & Sharpe to manufacture gages, and therefore its products, with an accuracy exceeding anything then available elsewhere in the world.

Our instructions assume you are building this particular frame, which is for a junction.

It is, I am reliably given to understand, the technical argot for those who engage in your particular branch of the boost ; ;

With due consideration for the limits of precision in assessing, expected rate of change in ossification of girls age 2 years, and the known variations in rate of ossification of these children as described in our preceding paper in the Supplement, each arrow with a `` shaft length '' of four months or less was selected as indicating `` same schedule '' at Onset and Completion, for this particular epiphysis.