The primary causes of the sudden decline of the Blue Crane are human population growth, the conversion of grasslands into commercial tree plantations, and poisoning: deliberate ( to protect crops ) or accidental ( baits intended for other species, and as a side-effect of crop dusting ).

Such predictions were called into question by 1995 data that show that within regions of Southeast Asia much of the original forest has been converted to monospecific plantations, but that potentially endangered species are few and tree flora remains widespread and stable.

The forest floor, however, is far from a biological desert, as is often the case in tree plantations.

The next governor, Isaac Pyke ( 1731 – 1738 ), had a tyrannical reputation but successfully extended tree plantations, improved fortifications and transformed the garrison and militia into a reliable force for the first time.

Calabrian olive tree plantations.

The practice of establishing tree plantations in the British Isles was promoted by John Evelyn, though it had already acquired some popularity.

Forests or tree plantations, those whose primary purpose is the extraction of forest products, are planned and managed utilizing a mix of ecological and agroecological principles.

Along the years, most but not all chestnut tree plantations were Castanea sativa stock, which is still the dominant species.

The town features plantations open to the public, a historic downtown, a large farmer's market, and a 320 year old oak tree at the corner of Monroe and Crawford streets.

The local economy runs mostly on agriculture ( fruit plantations and tree nurseries ) and some factories.

The term tree farm is also used to refer to plantations and to tree nurseries.

The replacement of natural forest with tree plantations has also caused social problems.

Plantings of para rubber, the tree Hevea brasiliensis, are usually called plantations.

The land is cleared for human development, cattle ranching, agriculture, logging, and exotic tree plantations.

Interplanting walnut plantations with a nitrogen fixing plant, such as Elaeagnus × ebbingei or Elaeagnus umbellata, and various Alnus species, results in a 30 % increase in tree height and girth ( Hemery 2001 ).

They also commonly use new and clear-felled conifer plantations until the new tree crop is about 5 – 6 years old and a metre or two tall.

To the east is Broadmoor Bottom, an expanse of heathland together with fir tree plantations.

In modern times, Phuket's economy rests on two pillars: rubber tree plantations ( making Thailand the biggest producer of rubber in the world ) and tourism, with a thriving diving industry attracting thousands of divers each year.

The habitat consist of forest, including rainforest, litoral forest, deciduos forest, spiny bush-forest and tree plantations.

In the Netherlands and some other parts of Europe, black locust is one of the most rot-resistant local trees, and projects have started to limit the use of tropical wood by promoting this tree and creating plantations.

In Malawi, the macadamia tree was first introduced in tea plantations as wind shields in the low tea fields and the tea pickers used to roast the seeds in this style as a fatty snack.

On these islands are mainly coconut tree plantations.

After germination of imported seeds in the heated glasshouses of Kew, seedlings of the rubber tree of Brazil were shipped successfully in Wardian cases to Ceylon ( Sri Lanka ) and the new British territories in Malaya to start the rubber plantations.

Due to popular and increasing demands for Chile ’ s forestry products, the government is currently focusing on increasing the already vast acreage of Chile ’ s Pine and Eucalyptus plantations as well as opening new industrial plants.

* note: an additional 7, 742 km of track is used by sugar plantations ; about 65 % of this track is standard gauge ; the rest is narrow gauge ( 2003 )

Deforestation occurs for many reasons: trees are cut down to be used or sold as fuel ( sometimes in the form of charcoal ) or timber, while cleared land is used as pasture for livestock, plantations of commodities, and settlements.

Today Java's old colonial era plantations provide just a fraction of the coffee grown on the island, although it is primarily the higher valued Arabica variety .< noinclude ></ noinclude >

The largest recent increase in Merlot plantations has occurred in the south of France, such as Languedoc-Roussillon, where it is often made as a varietal Vin de Pays wine.

The rainforest is subject to deforestation as a result of growing commercial demand for tropical timber ; forest clearance, especially in coastal areas, for plantations ; pollution from mining projects.

Tea plantations and factories continue to be rehabilitated, and coffee, always a smallholder's crop, is being more seriously rehabilitated and tended as the farmers ' sense of security returns.

In those FARC-EP controlled territories that do produce coca, it is generally grown by peasants on small plots ; in paramilitary or government controlled areas, coca is generally grown on large plantations.

Other sources of income include coconut plantations, tin mining, and tourism, which is particularly lucrative on Phuket Island.

East of Samsun, the area around Trabzon is world-renowned for the production of hazelnuts, and farther east the Rize region has numerous tea plantations.

Pitt had roused us from this ignoble lethargy ... The admirers of Mr Pitt extol the reverberation he gave to our councils, the despondence he banished, the spirit he infused, the conquests he made, the security he affixed to our trade and plantations, the humiliation of France, the glory of Britain carried under his administration to a pitch at which it never had arrived — and all this is exactly true.

Rubber is generally cultivated in large plantations.

The economic life period of rubber trees in plantations is around 32 years – up to 7 years of immature phase and about 25 years of productive phase.

Crop is Barbados ' biggest festival, having had its early beginnings on the sugar cane plantations during the colonial period.

Commercial pines are grown in plantations for timber that is denser, more resinous, and therefore more durable than spruce ( Picea ).

The city is surrounded by a green belt of thousands of hectares of olive plantations, which from the 19th century have partly replaced the mixed woodlands of oak and other Mediterranean trees as well as the maquis shrubland.

: For my part, I was never an admirer of Uncle Tom, nor of his type of goodness ; but I believe that there were lots of old Negroes as foolishly good as he ; the proof of which is that they knowingly stayed and worked on the plantations that furnished sinews for the army which was fighting to keep them enslaved .”

This mite infests coconut plantations, and is devastating: it can destroy up to 90 % of coconut production.

< http :// dictionaryofforestry. org / dict / term / forestry ></ ref > Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands.