Fundamental physical laws such as the conservation of mass, the conservation of momentum, and the conservation of energy may be applied to such models to derive differential equations describing the behavior of such objects, and some information about the particular material studied is added through a constitutive relation.

DSR models are possibly related to loop quantum gravity in 2 + 1 dimensions ( two space, one time ), and it has been conjectured that a relation also exists in 3 + 1 dimensions.

Surprisingly, the models of relation algebra include the axiomatic set theory ZFC and Peano arithmetic ;

observational learning can occur in relation to three models:

* June 1-The term covalence in relation to chemical bonding models is first used by Irving Langmuir.

Mathematical models such as BCM Theory, which depends also on intracellular calcium in relation to NMDA receptor voltage gates, have been developed since the 1980s and modify the traditional a priori Hebbian learning model with both biological and experimental justification.

Because the history of scientific change is extremely complicated, and because there is a tendency to project " winners " and " losers " onto the past in relation to our current scientific consensus, it is very difficult to come up with accurate and rigorous models for scientific change.

* " Emergent Development " may also refer to the assessment of a developing person in relation to an object specified by the assessor, such as cognitive complexity, ego complexity, subject-object relations, hierarchical task performance, or other researched developmental assessment models in adult development.

In the mid 1990s, in the study of non-equilibrium dynamics of spin glass models, a generalization of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem was discovered that holds for asymptotic non-stationary states, where the temperature appearing in the equilibrium relation is substituted by an effective temperature with a non-trivial dependence on the time scales.

This relation is proposed to hold in glassy systems beyond the models for which it was initially found.

The original version of classical ( and intuitionistic ) logic of Paul Lorenzen and Kuno Lorenz were not defined in relation to models but with the help of winning strategies over formal dialogues ( P. Lorenzen, K. Lorenz 1978, S. Rahman and L. Keiff 2005 ).

A widely used class of econometric models popularized by Tinbergen and later Wold are autoregressive models, in which the stochastic process satisfies some relation between current and past values.

Interest rate parity can be deemed a qualitative model in this sense: though it generally fails to fit exchange rate data as well as higher-powered statistical forecasting models, it offers an intuitive interpretation of the exchange rate and its relation to foreign and domestic interest and inflation rates.

La Connaissance de la vie is an extended study of the specificity of biology as a science, the historical and conceptual significance of vitalism, and the possibility of conceiving organisms not on the basis of mechanical and technical models that would reduce the organism to a machine, but rather on the basis of the organism's relation to the milieu in which it lives, its successful survival in this milieu, and its status as something greater than " the sum of its parts.

Some models of the same vehicle can be classified as either FR or FMR depending on the length of the installed engine ( e. g. 4-cylinder vs. 6-cylinder ) and its centre of mass in relation to the front axle.

The attachment models of young children are typically assessed in relation to particular figures, such as parents or other caregivers.

Statistical analyses of multivariate data often involve exploratory studies of the way in which the variables change in relation to one another and this may be followed up by explicit statistical models involving the covariance matrix of the variables.

It is also worthwhile to note that physics is nothing but a modeling of reality, and seeing causal relationships governing repeatable observed phenomena, and much of mathematics, especially in relation to the growth of the calculus, has been developed precisely for the goal of developing these models in a rigorous fashion.

There are several competing models which attempt to account for our theory of mind ; the most notable in relation to mirror neurons is simulation theory.

On the other hand, revision based on a preference relation is a revision scheme, because and do not allow determining the result of revision if the family of preference orderings between models is not given.

For example, a preference relation can be represented by a sequence of formulae whose models are increasingly preferred.

Explicitly storing the relation as a set of pairs of models is instead not a compact representation of preference because the space required is exponential in the number of propositional letters.

He has been among the first economists to deal with: a ) empirical models about the relation between the economy and politics, especially politico-economic cycles ; b ) new concepts of federalism ( Functional, Overlapping, Competing Jurisdictions, FOCJ ); c ) crowding-out and intrinsic motivation ; d ) orders and awards.

* legislation against abuses within the system of inheritance, specifically with relation to the epikleros ( i. e. a female who had no brothers to inherit her father's property and who was traditionally required to marry her nearest paternal relative in order to produce an heir to her father's estate ).

Z ++ is an object-oriented extension to the Z specification language, allowing for the definition of classes, and the relation of classes through inheritance, association or aggregation.

Subtyping should not be confused with the notion of ( class or object ) inheritance from object-oriented languages ; subtyping is a relation between types ( interfaces in object-oriented parlance ) whereas inheritance is a relation between implementations stemming from a language feature that allows new objects to be created from existing ones.

The Lex Papia Poppaea extended and modified these laws in relation to intermarriage between social classes and inheritance.

Epistasis is often studied in relation to Quantitative Trait Loci ( QTL ) and polygenic inheritance.

Method inheritance enriches this application of mereology by providing for passing procedural information down the part-whole relation, thereby making method inheritance a naturally arising aspect of mereology.

The consequences of illegitimacy was predominantly in relation to rights of inheritance to the putative father's estate as well as being entitled to bear the father's name or title.

These include reliefs and exemptions in relation to income tax, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, stamp duty land tax and value added tax.

The behaviour of the two junior Lords Appellant, Bolingbroke and Mowbray, probably influenced Richard's decision in 1399 to exile them both, and to revoke the permission he had given them to sue for any inheritance which fell due, as it did in relation to Mowbray's grandmother and, more significantly, of Bolingbroke's father, John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster.

It deals with cases of fraud in relation to direct taxes ( income tax, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, corporation tax ) and indirect taxes ( mainly VAT-notably multi-million pound Missing Trader Intra-Community (" carousel ") frauds ), tax credits, drug smuggling, and money laundering, cases involving United Nations trade sanctions, conflict diamonds and CITES.

The argument involving the royal bloodline involves an inheritance or relation to David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn, the son of King Robert II of Scotland, which was necessary to his legal claim for the Earldom of Strathearn.

" The black race of Africa are inferior to the white man in point of intellect – better calculated in physical structure to undergo drudgery and hardship – standing, as they do, many degrees lower in the scale of gradation that expresses the relative relation between God and all that he has created than the white man.

Epic: a long narrative poem in elevated style presenting characters of high position in adventures forming an organic whole through their relation to a central heroic figure and through their development of episodes important to the history of a nation or race.

Points races assign value to specific laps throughout a race and riders position in relation to the field, generally the leading rider and occasionally the second place rider will be awarded points.

Attempting to debug a race condition by adding debugging code to the application is likely to change the speed of one thread in relation to another and could cause the problem to disappear.

In postmodern literary criticism it has also been discussed in relation to race issues in fiction.

* Hobbits: The signature race of Tolkien, these diminutive people are a distant relation to men.

Though the relation between delinquency and race is complex and may be explained by other contextual risk variables ( see, for example, Holmes et al.

Long surfaced again in 1955-1956, when he scored an easy victory over a field that included New Orleans Mayor deLesseps Story " Chep " Morrison, Sr. ( no relation to James H. Morrison but a law partner of Hale Boggs ), state highway director Fred Preaus of Farmerville, the choice of outgoing Governor Robert Kennon, former state police superintendent Francis Grevemberg, and businessman James M. McLemore of Alexandria, making his second race for governor on a strictly segregationist platform.

After leaving the Tuskegee Institute, Park joined the University of Chicago where he developed a theory of assimilation, as it pertained to immigrants in the United States, known as the “ race relation cycle ”.

White separatists claim that their desire to remove themselves from racially integrated society and to secede based on race removes the possibility of subjugating other racial and ethnic groups, and thus has no relation to white supremacy.

Diplomacy can also affect this and even an alliance with one race might affect the relation of another race.

The alien threat in the game is presented by a new race of organic, extradimensional aliens that initially seem to have no relation to the aliens of the previous two games, though later missions set in the aliens ' home dimension reveal they have enslaved Sectoid survivors.

Montague Francis Ashley-Montagu ( born Israel Ehrenberg on June 28, 1905, London, England-died November 26, 1999, Princeton, New Jersey, United States ) was a British-American anthropologist and humanist, of Jewish ancestry, who popularized topics such as race and gender and their relation to politics and development.

In 1843, Brown ran a competitive race against Democratic incumbent Aaron V. Brown ( no relation ) for the 6th District congressional seat, but was defeated.

The placement of Scott, both in relation to Amundsen and the lunar south pole, relates to the Antarctic explorers Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott, and their race to be the first humans to reach the south pole of the Earth.

In historical archaeology the linkage between gender, race, and class has been increasingly explored, but other aspects of identity, notably sexuality, have been examined as well in relation to gender.

" Smith writes that race places lesbians of color in a different relation to men as white lesbians, as " white women with class privilege don't share oppression with white men.

The section provides neighbourhoods with an alternative response to reduce the incidents of crime & disorder, using an intelligence-led approach, a tactical option in relation to public order & major incidents, as well as high visibility patrolling at football matches, rugby matches, race meetings and other special events.

Receiving the support of one faction of the Democratic Party in the 1860 gubernatorial election, this Jackson finished third in a race won by Claiborne Fox Jackson ( no relation ).