Then in 1875, apparently in response to the nationalizing influence of the Civil War, Congress first gave the lower federal courts general authority -- concurrently with state tribunals -- to decide cases involving federal-right questions.

Among the time-domain filters we here consider, there are two general classes of filter transfer functions that can approximate a desired frequency response.

Thorndike was one of the first to say that individual differences in cognitive tasks were due to how many stimulus response patterns a person had rather than a general intellectual ability.

* 1941 – February Strike: In occupied Amsterdam, a general strike is declared in response to increasing anti-Jewish measures instituted by the Nazis.

This action was taken in response to an appeal obtained from the governor general and to a request for assistance from the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States, without consulting the island's head of state, Queen Elizabeth II, Commonwealth institutions or other usual diplomatic channels ( as had been done in Anguilla ).

The simplest of these models may be linear models, but it is common to deploy non-linear components to represent some general aspects of a catchment's response without going deeply into the real physical processes involved.

Custom status codes can be used since, if the user agent encounters a code it does not recognize, it can use the first digit of the code to determine the general class of the response.

Braid extended Carpenter's theory to encompass the influence of the mind upon the body more generally, beyond the muscular system, and therefore referred to the " ideo-dynamic " response and coined the term " psycho-physiology " to refer to the study of general mind / body interaction.

In general, practical engines are always compromised by trade-offs between different properties such as efficiency, weight, power, heat, response, exhaust emissions, or noise.

In general, the A-boxes bind to Pdx1 factors, E-boxes bind to NeuroD, C-boxes bind to MafA, and cAMP response elements to CREB.

Learning theories often inform instructional theory, and three general theoretical stances take part in this influence: behaviorism ( learning as response acquisition ), cognitivism ( learning as knowledge acquisition ), and constructivism ( learning as knowledge construction ).

In April 2012, UN secretary general Ban Ki-Moon, in response to moves by Israel to legalise Israeli outposts, reiterated that all settlement activity is illegal, and " runs contrary to Israel's obligations under the Road Map and repeated Quartet calls for the parties to refrain from provocations.

He followed this with The Poverty of Philosophy ( 1847 ), a response to the French anarcho-socialist Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's The Philosophy of Poverty and a critique of French socialist thought in general.

The latter measure was applied after the so-called general strike from 1 September to 3 September 1942, which paralyzed the administration, agriculture, industry and education as response to the declaration of forced conscription by the German administration on 30 August 1942.

The Daily Mirror was the only major newspaper to back Foot and Labour at the 1983 general election, urging its readers to vote Labour and " Stop the waste of our nation, for your job your children and your future " in response to the mass unemployment that had resulted from Conservative prime minister Margaret Thatcher's monetarist economic policies to reduce inflation.

:# If a general medical condition or another mental disorder is present, the fear in Criterion A ( Exposure to the social or performance situation almost invariably provokes an immediate anxiety response ) is unrelated to it, e. g., the fear is not of Stuttering, trembling in Parkinson's disease, or exhibiting abnormal eating behavior in Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa.

In September 1830, under the guidance of General José Domingo Espinar, the local military commander who rebelled against the nation's central government in response to his being transferred to another command, Panama separated from the Republic of Colombia and requested that general Simón Bolívar take direct command of the Isthmus Department.

The general response was " as the Westminster Review put it, that Gosse's theory was ' too monstrous for belief.

A more modern response to this criticism of concepts without sense-perception is the claim that the universality of its qualities is an unavoidable given because one only experiences an object by means of general concepts.

Franks was the U. S. general leading the attack on the Taliban in Afghanistan in response to the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and The Pentagon in 2001.

Franks was the U. S. general leading the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan and the overthrow of the Taliban in government in response to the September 11 attacks.

It was adopted as a response to the abuse of the writ of assistance, which is a type of general search warrant, in the American Revolution.

Several authors have proposed that symptoms of ADHD arise from a primary deficit in a specific executive function ( EF ) domain such as working memory, response inhibition or a more general weakness in executive control.

Tubman condemned Lincoln's response and his general unwillingness to consider ending slavery in the U. S., for both moral and practical reasons.

The ultimate end is meeting a requirements set typically provided in the time-domain called the Step response, or at times in the frequency domain called the Open-Loop response.

Tito's response on 17 May suggested that the matter be settled at the meeting of the Cominform to be held that June.

President Bill Clinton, the moderator in a town meeting discussing the topic " Race In America ", in response to a participant argument that the issue was not affirmative action but " racial preferences " asked the participant a loaded question: " Do you favor the United States Army abolishing the affirmative-action program that produced Colin Powell?

In response to calls by the Central Asian and other union republics for admission, another meeting was held in Alma-Ata, on 21 December, to form an expanded CIS.

In September 1939, in response to the German Invasion of Poland, French forces invaded the Saarland in a half-hearted offensive, occupying some villages and meeting little resistance, before withdrawing.

In response, SETI advocates note, among other things, that the Drake Equation was never a hypothesis, and so never intended to be testable, nor to be " solved "; it was merely a clever representation of the agenda for the world's first scientific SETI meeting in 1961, and it serves as a tool in formulating testable hypotheses.

In response, Philippe wrote " Your venerable conceitedness may know, that we are nobody's vassal in temporal matters ," and called for a meeting of the Estates General, a council of the lords of France, who had supported his position.

Benjamin Franklin had put forth the idea of such a meeting the year before but was unable to convince the colonies of its necessity until the British placed a blockade at the Port of Boston in response to the Boston Tea Party in 1773.

General Eisenhower called a meeting of all senior Allied commanders on the Western Front to a headquarters near Verdun, France, on the morning of December 19 to plan strategy and a response to the German assault.

In response to Raeder's defence of pre-emptive war against Norway, the British prosecutor David Maxwell Fyfe read out the minutes of a meeting between Raeder and Hitler on 26 March 1940, which read: " British landing in Norway is not considered imminent-Raeder suggests action by us at the next new moon-to which Hitler agrees.

" When confronted with the minutes of the 26 March 1940 meeting by Maxwell Fyfe, Raeder had no response.

In response to Palme's remarks in a meeting with the US ambassador to Sweden ahead of the Socialist International Meeting in Helsingor in January 1976, Kissinger asked the US ambassador to "(...) convey my personal appreciation to Palme for his frank presentation (...).

The Daily Star, the leading English language paper in Lebanon, in response to a planned IHR meeting in the country called the IHR " loathsome pseudo-historians " and an " international hate group ," and reported " as one former PLO official has put it, ' with friends like that, we don't need enemies '.

The 2004 meeting also saw the convening of the General Assembly of the Global Anti-War Movement, an idea that originated from the Asian Social Forum in November 2003, and broadly coalesced in response to the invasion of Iraq by the United States in 2003.

In both sources, Gerðr agrees to meet Freyr at a fixed time at the location of Barri and, after Skírnir returns with Gerðr's response, Freyr laments that the meeting could not occur sooner.

Prompted by Eddie Cantor's insistence, at that meeting, that any response to that producer's agreement help all actors, not just the already established ones, it took only three weeks for SAG membership to go from around 80 members to more than 4, 000.

In response to this, Baldwin Township officials called an emergency meeting to file a petition to have Baldwin Township incorporated into a borough, as it is much more difficult to secede from a borough than from a township.

An emergency meeting of the town residents was held on the evening of August 19, 1943, to discuss the town's response to the problem.

He received sufficient positive response for a meeting of interested enthusiasts to be held on 11 October 1950 at the Imperial Hotel in Birmingham.

In response the Unionists had a meeting on 27 July at Blenheim Palace, the birthplace of Winston Churchill, one of Asquith's ministers.

Before a vote is taken at a Council meeting, though, all proposals are circulated in writing to the heads of departments, who commission the senior career officials of their department – the heads of the Federal Offices – to prepare a written response to offer criticism and suggestions.

Supervisor McCarthy has forwarded all inquiries to the Town Attorney Joe Ermeti, who delayed response to the Muslim community until October 14, 2010-the day of Sidney's town meeting.

When meeting someone, he would ask where they were from, and no matter their response, he would reply with, " Oh, that's God's country!