The Church of England ( which until the 20th century included the Church in Wales ) initially separated from the Roman Catholic Church in 1538 in the reign of King Henry VIII, reunited in 1555 under Queen Mary I and then separated again in 1570 under Queen Elizabeth I ( the Roman Catholic Church excommunicated Elizabeth I in 1570 in response to the Act of Supremacy 1559 ).

Some historians define and minimize the Arian conflict as the exclusive construct of Arius and a handful of rogue bishops engaging in heresy ; but others recognize Arius as a defender of ' original ' Christianity, or as providing a conservative response against the politicization of Christianity seeking union with the Roman Empire.

The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent, in response to the Protestant Reformation, that the arts should communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement.

Perhaps in response to Hamilcar's raids, Rome did build another fleet paid for with donations from wealthy citizens and it was that fleet which rendered the Carthaginian success in Sicily futile, as the stalemate Hamilcar produced in Sicily became irrelevant following the Roman naval victory at the Battle of the Aegates Islands in 241 BC, where the new Roman fleet under consul Gaius Lutatius Catulus was victorious over an undermanned and hastily built Carthaginian fleet.

In response, the Iceni, joined by the Trinovantes, destroyed the Roman colony at Camulodunum ( Colchester ) and routed the part of the IXth Legion that was sent to relieve it.

As a response to Meroe's incursions into Upper Egypt, a Roman army moved south and razed Napata in 23 BC.

In response to the invasion of Roman Hispania of 409 by the Vandals, Alans and Suevi, Honorius, the emperor in the West, enlisted the aid of the Visigoths to regain control of the territory.

* In response to Meroe's incursions into Upper Egypt, the Roman legions move south and raze Napata.

In response, the Roman senate invokes the senatus consultum ultimum.

The series was originally published between 1867 and 1873 by the Presbyterian publishing house T. & T. Clark in Edinburgh under the title Ante-Nicene Christian Library, as a response to the Oxford movement's Library of the Fathers which was perceived as too Roman Catholic.

* May 20 – Cola di Rienzo, a Roman commoner, declares himself Emperor of Rome in response to years of baronic power-struggles.

On 20 May Cola di Rienzo, a Roman commoner, declared himself Emperor of Rome in front of a huge crowd in response to what had been several years of power struggles among the upper-class barony.

The most authoritative response to moral relativism from the Roman Catholic perspective can be found in Veritatis Splendor, an encyclical by Pope John Paul II.

* August 22 or August 26 – Julius Caesar commands the first Roman invasion of Britain, likely a reconnaissance-in-force expedition, in response to the Britons giving military aid to his Gallic enemies.

* In response to the illegal exercise of citizen rights by foreigners, the Roman Senate passed the Lex Papia, which expelled all foreigners from Rome.

In response to Catiline's behavior, the Senate issued a senatus consultum ultimum, a kind of declaration of martial law invoked whenever the Senate and the Roman Republic were in imminent danger from treason or sedition.

In response, Cardinal John Henry Newman's Tract 90 attempted to show that the Articles could be interpreted in a way less hostile to Roman Catholic doctrine.

In response, the Roman Senate sends the praetor Atilius with a navy, as well as an embassy headed by Titus Quinctius Flamininus.

In response, Paul destroyed the Roman altar in the palace of Placidia and exiled or imprisoned the papal nuncios.

In response to Bolesław ’ s aggressive foreign policy, German king and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V undertook a punitive expedition against Poland in 1109.

During the 1550s, Henry II became concerned about the threat of an English or Holy Roman Empire attack on Paris, and strengthened the defences of the Bastille in response.

In response to the threat, the Roman Senate decide to send an army to help the allied city, under the command of consul Lucius Cornelius Maluginensis.

In response, the American Episcopal Church and the Anglican Church of Canada answered that the actions had been undertaken after lengthy scriptural and theological reflection, legally in accordance with their own canons and constitutions and after extensive consultation with the provinces of the Communion.

When in AD 451, Emperor Marcianus attempted to heal divisions in the Church, the response of Pope Dioscorus – the Pope of Alexandria who was later exiled – was that the emperor should not intervene in the affairs of the Church.

Damasus ' response repudiated Maximus summarily and advised Theodosius to summon a Council of Bishops for the purpose of settling various Church issues such as the schism in Antioch and the consecration of a proper bishop for the see of Constantinople.

According to the Church Fathers, the Bishops of Asia Minor requested John, in his old age, to write a gospel in response to Cerinthus, the Ebionites and other Hebrew groups which they deemed heretical.

In 1877, in response to a public petition, Queen Victoria issued the second royal charter, which granted city status to the borough and Cathedral status to the former Abbey Church.

In January 1604, King James VI of Scotland and I of England convened the Hampton Court Conference where a new English version was conceived in response to the perceived problems of the earlier translations as detected by the Puritans, a faction within the Church of England.

In the United States, today ’ s United Methodist Church continues to embody Methodist traditions in their response to social needs through the General Board of Church and Society and the General Board of Global Ministries.

His response to the Queen Elizabeth I of England assuming governance of the Church of England included support of the imprisoned Mary, Queen of Scots, and her supporters in their attempts to take over England " ex turpissima muliebris libidinis servitute ".

That confession was written by the Dutch Reformed Mission Church in South Africa in response to apartheid.

Scholars from the Free Methodist Church of North America had a varied response from it " constitutes no threat " to " most accurate ever.

Headed by Sidney Gottlieb, the MKUltra project was started on the order of CIA director Allen Welsh Dulles on April 13, 1953 .< ref > Church Committee ; p. 390 " MKUltra was approved by the DCI < nowiki > of Central Intelligence on April 13, 1953 "</ ref > Its remit was to develop mind-controlling drugs for use against the Soviet bloc, largely in response to alleged Soviet, Chinese, and North Korean use of mind control techniques on U. S. prisoners of war in Korea.

In response to this onslaught, Arnauld articulated a distinction as to how far the Church could bind the mind of a Catholic.

In response to this organized, military lawlessness, the " Rheinischer Bund ," or Rhine League was formed by and from the nobility, knights, and lords of the Church, all of whom held large stakes in the restoration of law and order to the Rhine.

In 1639, in response to Charles ' attempts to reform the Scottish Church, civil war broke out between the King's forces and the Presbyterian Covenanters.

The early Church Father and theologian Origen ( c. 182 – 251 ) produced a learned argument about cubits, in response to a critic who doubted that the ark could contain all the animals in the world.

" In response, Davis re-iterated that there is no Church policy of disconnection.

Brueys refused, in the belief that his squadron could provide essential support to the French army on shore, and called his captains aboard his 120-gun flagship Orient to discuss their response should Nelson discover the fleet in its anchorage.

In response to this measure, women in many areas began circulating anti-oath pamphlets and refused to attend masses held by priests who had sworn oaths of loyalty to the Republic.

In response, many anarchists refused Marxist-type organisation, seeking to dissolve or undermine power and hierarchy by way of loose political-cultural groupings, or by championing organisation by a single, similtaneously economic and political administrative unit ( Ruhle, Syndicalism ).

In response to growing demands for multi-party democracy, the Traoré regime allowed some limited political liberalization, but refused to usher in a full-fledged democratic system.

They commenced proceedings in the High Court in 1982, in response to the Queensland Amendment Act 1982 establishing a system of making land grants on trust for Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders, which the Murray Islanders refused to accept.

His papacy was dominated by his response to the Quinisext Council, whose canons he refused to accept.

In response, Charles Emmanuel refused to allow his siege equipment to be used against Mantua.

Another legend claims that following the Navigation Acts ( an ordinance by Oliver Cromwell requiring all foreign fleets in the North Sea or the Channel to dip their flag in salute ) the Wilhelmus was sung ( or rather, shouted ) by the sailors on the Dutch flagship Brederode in response to the first warning shot fired by an English fleet under Robert Blake, when their captain Maarten Tromp refused to lower his flag.

In response to the proclamation, Father Barona refused to take the oath of allegiance to what he saw as the " bogus republic of Mexico " despite the fact that he, along with all but two of the other Spanish missionaries, had previously sworn to the Independence of Mexico.

In response Clemenceau refused to be put forward for the vote in the National Assembly because he did not want to win by a small majority but by a near-unanimous vote.

Sack said that he attempted to publish a response in a letter to the editor of The New Republic but the magazine refused it.

Congress refused membership in the League of Nations, and in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia, the gradually more restrictive Neutrality Acts were passed, which were intended to prevent the U. S. from supporting either side in a war.

Aegidius refused to recognize Ricimer's new figurehead, Separated from Ricimer and Severus in Northern Gaul by the Visigoths and Burgunds, Aegidius was safe from any direct response they might make.

In response to the RMT declaring a 48-hour strike on 10 June 2009, Crow wrote in The Guardian Comment is free section the purpose of the move: " On London Underground, bosses are threatening to tear up an agreement aimed at safeguarding jobs, and have refused to rule out compulsory redundancies.

Among the report's findings were the revelation that the vast majority of allegations made in the diocese were not reported to the Garda, as required by the Church's 1996 guidelines ; that the Bishop of the Diocese, John Magee, and others had withheld full cooperation with the Government's investigation and had deliberately misrepresented his own response to the allegations ; and that the Vatican itself had both refused to cooperate in the investigation and counseled the Diocese that the 1996 guidelines were not binding.

In response, Kazemi's son, Stephen Hachemi, refused to allow the remaining photos to be displayed at the exhibition and told Radio-Canada that dismantling the exhibition shows lack of respect and they should either display all or none of the photos.

Entitled " Black Scourge in Europe: Sexual Horror Let Loose by France on the Rhine ", it insinuated gross hypersexuality on black people in general, but Lansbury refused to print McKay's response.

Iranians in the capital of Tehran refused to smoke tobacco and this collective response spread to neighboring provinces.

Zuazo refused to take extra-constitutional powers ( as previous military governments had done in similar crises ) and concentrated on preserving the democracy instead, shortening his term by one year in response to his unpopularity and the crisis racking his country.

Upon receiving Poinsett's response, Jesup summoned the chiefs to his camp, but they refused his invitation.

During the December 2010 snowfall on 6 December, Stevenson, on Newsnight Scotland, called the response to people being trapped on the main Scottish Motorway Network for more than 10 hours, as first class, and refused to apologise, claiming the amount of snow was un-forecast.

The Labour Party refused to support the non-payment campaign, especially amongst MPs-" Law makers must not be law breakers " was Labour leader Neil Kinnock's response.

Sarmiento refused, only to receive a response from his father that he was coming to collect him.

Akayev refused to resign, but pledged not to use force to end the protests, which he attributed to foreign interests seeking to provoke a large-scale clamp-down in response.