The terms asphalt and bitumen are often used interchangeably to mean both natural and manufactured forms of the substance.

S Haldane's book, The Causes of Evolution, reestablished natural selection as the premier mechanism of evolution by explaining it in terms of the mathematical consequences of Mendelian genetics.

She argued that these terms denigrated the proper and natural function of sexuality, and that such language was inappropriate for female characters such as Madame Raison.

Perhaps the most natural way is expressed in terms of the columns of the matrix.

Moore did not consider goodness and rightness to be natural properties, i. e., they cannot be defined in terms of any natural properties.

Because ethology is considered a topic of biology, ethologists have been concerned particularly with the evolution of behaviour and the understanding of behaviour in terms of the theory of natural selection.

It is often common to simply express mass in terms of " eV " as a unit of mass, effectively using a system of natural units with c set to 1 ( hence, E = m ).

The Euler – Maclaurin formula provides expressions for the difference between the sum and the integral in terms of the higher derivatives ƒ < sup >( k )</ sup > at the end points of the interval m and n. Explicitly, for any natural number p, we have

It is also the most common in terms of natural occurrence, as it can often be found in soot.

In the classical interpretation, probability was defined in terms of the principle of indifference, based on the natural symmetry of a problem, so, e. g. the probabilities of dice games arise from the natural symmetric 6-sidedness of the cube.

The row products of the terms discarding zeros in the matrix above, are the natural numbers, 1, 2, 3 ...

Much human behavior is considered to be ultimately explainable in terms of natural selection.

Growth came at a high cost in terms of weak and corrupt institutions, severe public indebtedness through mismanagement of the financial sector, the rapid depletion of Indonesia ’ s natural resources, and a culture of favors and corruption in the business elite.

" By default, American individualists had no difficulty accepting the concepts that " one man employ another " or that " he direct him ," in his labor but rather demanded that " all natural opportunities requisite to the production of wealth be accessible to all on equal terms and that monopolies arising from special privileges created by law be abolished.

The example pertains to singular terms, but has been extended to cover kind terms as well such as natural kinds ( e. g., ' water ') and for kinds of artifacts ( e. g., ' espresso maker ').

Much of Kyrgyzstan depends entirely on Uzbekistan for natural gas ; on several occasions, Karimov has achieved political ends by shutting pipelines or by adjusting terms of delivery.

In these terms, the Gödel sentence states that no natural number exists with a certain, strange property.

It modern terms this is called quarter sawn timber and has the least natural shrinkage of any cut section of wood.

Since counter-clockwise may be defined in terms of up, forward, and right, this experiment unambiguously differentiates left from right using only natural elements: If they were reversed, or the atoms spun clockwise, the radiation would follow the spin axis instead of being opposite to it.

The understanding of natural languages reveals much about not only how language works ( in terms of syntax, semantics, phonetics, phonology, etc.

In linguistic terms, natural language only applies to a language that has developed naturally, and the study of natural language primarily involves native ( first language ) speakers.

Culturally, many urban Australians have had very generalised terms for the otherwise complex range of environments that exist within the inland and tropical regions of the continent.

The relatively small central area dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources, and is the cultural and political center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century when it incorporated its northern and southern regions.

In most English-speaking countries outside North America, the most common word for this is biscuit ; in many regions both terms are used, while in others the two words have different meanings.

Arbitrary electromagnetic waves can always be expressed by Fourier analysis in terms of sinusoidal monochromatic waves, which in turn can each be classified into these regions of the EMR spectrum.

After some consolidation, six companies controlled monopolies of their regions, subject to close control by the government in terms of fares, finances, and even minute technical details.

Most geographers, including those of the Iraqi government, discuss the country's geography in terms of four main zones or regions: the desert in the west and southwest ; the rolling upland between the upper Tigris and Euphrates rivers ( in Arabic the Dijlis and Furat, respectively ); the highlands in the north and northeast ; and the alluvial plain through which the Tigris and Euphrates flow.

Synthetic polymers may consist of both crystalline and amorphous regions ; the degree of crystallinity may be expressed in terms of a weight fraction or volume fraction of crystalline material.

The UN, after approval by the Security Council, sends peacekeepers to regions where armed conflict has recently ceased or paused to enforce the terms of peace agreements and to discourage combatants from resuming hostilities.

The terms are used in the United States and Canada to describe the flight of people from rural areas in the Great Plains and Midwest regions, and to a lesser extent rural areas of the northeast and southeast.

On the one hand, agricultural funds the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union ( CAP ) is spread across more countries ( the Eastern Europe countries have a significant agricultural sector ), on the other, the structural and cohesion funds have declined inevitably due to the Spanish economic success ( since their income has progressed strongly in absolute terms ) and due to the incorporation of less developed countries, lowers the average income per capita ( or GDP per capita ), so that Spanish regions relatively less developed, have come to be in the European average or even above it.

It describes time-varying flows in terms of states of suitably small local regions within a global region that is smoothly spatially inhomogeneous, rather than considering flows as time-invariant long-term-average rates of cyclic processes.

For a thermodynamic account of a process in terms of the entropies of small local regions, the definition of entropy should be such as to ensure that the second law of thermodynamics applies in each small local region.

Members are elected for four-year terms under an additional members system, where 40 AMs represent geographical constituencies elected by the plurality system, and 20 AMs from five electoral regions using the d ' Hondt method of proportional representation.

Most observers describe Venezuela in terms of four fairly well-defined regions: the Maracaibo lowlands in the northwest, the northern mountains extending in a broad east-west arc from the Colombian border along the Caribbean Sea, the wide Orinoco plains ( llanos ) in central Venezuela, and rank highly dissected Guiana highlands in the southeast.

Other terms such as " secondary school " or " secondary college " are used in different nations or regions ( see below: Usage by country ).

Recent analysis of crater density and distribution has suggested that in geological terms, Triton's surface is extremely young, with regions varying from 50 million years old to just 6 million years old.

The initiative aimed at bringing the principles of fair trade to the retail sector by selling almost exclusively goods produced under fair trade terms in " underdeveloped regions ".

In astrophysics some regions have science-specific terms such as galactic clusters.

As a way of describing spatial areas, the concept of regions is important and widely used among the many branches of geography, each of which can describe areas in regional terms.

Germany was a late starter in terms of the numbers of trials, compared to other regions of Europe.

The catchphrase many outside of Australia associate with the country itself " put another shrimp on the barbie " is in cooking terms ( opposed to the welcoming hospitality context ), largely a misnomer in metropolitan regions.

With an unemployment rate of only 5 % ( compared to 7 % in the region Rhône-Alpes and 8 % in France ), a close-meshed tissue of 11, 500 small and medium enterprises ( SMEs ) and a fast growing, export-oriented economy ( main clients: Germany, Italy and Spain ) the department of Ain is in economic terms one of the most dynamic regions of France.

The terms Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic and Bronze Age which are used to describe early societies in most other regions are not used to describe societies of the Pre-Columbian era.

In these regions, there is no identity implication, but still they must choose one of the two terms.