The widely accepted notion that the security of the system should depend on the key alone has been explicitly formulated by Auguste Kerckhoffs ( in the 1880s ) and Claude Shannon ( in the 1940s ); the statements are known as Kerckhoffs ' principle and Shannon's Maxim respectively.

These fields of study were essentially created by Claude Shannon, who published fundamental papers on the topic in the late 1940s and early 1950s.

In the 1940s – 1950s, Ellis Kolchin, Armand Borel and Claude Chevalley realised that many foundational results concerning Lie groups can be developed completely algebraically, giving rise to the theory of algebraic groups defined over an arbitrary field.

* Claude Passeau, an All-Star pitcher in Major League Baseball during the 1930s and 1940s

The final discovery was by Claude Shannon in the 1940s who recognized and proved the theoretical significance of the one-time pad system.

* in the 1940s, Claude Shannon put it bluntly ; " the enemy knows the system ".

Artists signed to American Decca in the 1930s and 1940s included Louis Armstrong, Charlie Kunz, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Jane Froman, The Boswell Sisters, Billie Holiday, The Andrews Sisters, Ted Lewis, Judy Garland, The Mills Brothers, Billy Cotton, Guy Lombardo, Chick Webb, Louis Jordan ( the No. 1 R & B artist of the 1940s ), Bob Crosby, Bill Kenny & The Ink Spots, Dorsey Brothers ( and subsequently Jimmy Dorsey after the brothers split ), Connee Boswell and Jack Hylton, Victor Young, Earl Hines, Claude Hopkins, and Sister Rosetta Tharpe, the original ' soul sister ' of recorded music.

The Swan Silvertones were an American gospel music group that achieved popularity in the 1940s and 1950s while led by Claude Jeter.

During the late 1930s and early 1940s, Canadian composer Claude Champagne had put together a large report on music education that was sponsored by the Quebec government.

Later, during the 1920s through the 1940s, the noted global host Claude H. Bennett, managed the rebuilt and greatly enlarged Philadelphia hotel.

He performed with Benny Carter, Teddy Wilson, Fletcher Henderson, and Claude Hopkins in the 1940s ; after World War II he started working regularly with Latin bands in New York City, including the bands of Perez Prado, Marcelino Guerra, Ricardo Ray ( on whose catchy, hook-laden album " Jala, Jala Boogaloo, Volume II ", he played exquisitely ( but uncredited ), particularly on the track " Mr. Trumpet Man "), Machito, and others.

Engine failures were considered fairly routine events on piston-engined airliners in the 1940s, so the crew elected to continue the flight to Dallas, and Captain Claude announced to the passengers that they would switch to another airplane upon arrival.

In 1940s Mexico, an ex-minister, Reverend T. Lawrence Shannon, has been locked out of his church after characterizing the Occidental image of God as a " senile delinquent ", during one of his sermons.

By the late 1940s it was known that the properties of atomic nucleus could not be explained by the then-current models ( such as the liquid drop model developed by Niels Bohr amongst others ).

The title was used mainly in developed countries from the 1880s to 1940s during the electrification of industry, but is still used in some developing countries.

New types of chromatography developed during the 1930s and 1940s made the technique useful for many separation processes.

Chromatography technique developed substantially as a result of the work of Archer John Porter Martin and Richard Laurence Millington Synge during the 1940s and 1950s.

The next significant advance in computer memory came with acoustic delay line memory, developed by J. Presper Eckert in the early 1940s.

* Richard Bellman ( 1920 – 1984 ), developed dynamic programming since the 1940s.

In the 1940s, a new style of dance music called rhythm and blues developed, incorporating elements of the earlier styles of blues and swing.

The design of GPS is based partly on similar ground-based radio-navigation systems, such as LORAN and the Decca Navigator developed in the early 1940s, and used during World War II.

During the 1940s The Living Theatre, Theatre of the Absurd, and the Downtown Theater movement all took root there, and it developed a reputation as a place where aspiring playwrights and emerging voices could showcase their work.

After zirconium was chosen as material for nuclear reactor programs in the 1940s, a separation method had to be developed.

Modern theatrical improvisation is generally accepted to have taken form in the improvisational acting exercises developed by Viola Spolin in the 1940s, 50s and 60s, now known as Theater Games.

In the 1940s and ' 50s the company established its pharmaceutical business and developed a number of key products including

As the music has developed and spread around the world it has drawn on many different national, regional and local musical cultures giving rise, since its early 20th century American beginnings, to many distinctive styles: New Orleans jazz dating from the early 1910s, big band swing, Kansas City jazz and Gypsy jazz from the 1930s and 1940s, bebop from the mid-1940s and on down through West Coast jazz, cool jazz, avant-garde jazz, Afro-Cuban jazz, modal jazz, free jazz, Latin jazz in various forms, soul jazz, jazz fusion and jazz rock, smooth jazz, jazz-funk, punk jazz, acid jazz, ethno jazz, jazz rap, cyber jazz, Indo jazz, M-Base, nu jazz, urban jazz and other ways of playing the music.

Though less common, X-ray microscopy has also been developed since the late 1940s.

Originally contrasted with " pure " electronic music ( based solely on the production and manipulation of electronically produced sounds rather than recorded sounds ), the theoretical basis of the style was developed by Pierre Schaeffer, beginning in the early 1940s.

The UZI submachine gun upon which the Micro-Uzi is based was developed in Israel by Uziel Gal in the late 1940s.

North Melbourne were cellar dwellers for its first twenty-five years of VFL membership, but by the late 1940s had developed a strong list and significant supporter base.

The modern concept of oral history was developed in the 1940s by Allan Nevins and his associates at Columbia University.

Shortly thereafter, design engineer Ralph Robertson further developed the amplifiers, and by the 1940s at least four different Rickenbacker models were made available.

The movement developed from the late 1920s to 1940s, and it established a rabbinical college in 1968.

Reconstructionism was developed by Rabbi Mordecai Kaplan ( 1881 – 1983 ) and his son-in-law, Rabbi Ira Eisenstein ( 1906 – 2001 ), over a period of time spanning from the late 1920s to the 1940s.

In the 1940s Cyril Pullin developed the Powerwheel, a wheel with a rotating one-cylinder engine, clutch and drum brake inside the hub, but it never entered production.

Concerning popular music, Ananda Samarakoon developed the reflective and poignant Sarala gee style with his work in the late 1930s / early 1940s.

In other words, the setting also provided a context for Barker's constructed languages which were developed in parallel from the mid-to-late 1940s, long before the mass-market publication of his works in roleplaying game and book form.

While the term " sociobiology " can be traced to the 1940s, the concept didn't gain major recognition until 1975 with the publication of Edward O. Wilson's book, Sociobiology: The New Synthesis.

With the development of the modern evolutionary synthesis in the 1930s and 1940s, Darwin's concept of evolutionary adaptation through natural selection became central to modern evolutionary theory, now the unifying concept of the life sciences.

The concept was originally discovered in the 1940s by Stanislaw Ulam and John von Neumann while they were contemporaries at Los Alamos National Laboratory.

" Mitchell's arguments did not gain traction with legislators, and it was not until the late 1940s that the concept of the United States Air Force Academy began to take shape.

Swiftly spun off into their own title in Oct / Nov 1960, the Justice League would become the backbone of the DC Universe, and thanks to the concept of the multiverse, regularly engage in annual " team-up " s with their 1940s counter-parts, the Justice Society in tales written by Fox.

The concept of clave as a form of music theory with its accompanying terminology, was fully developed during the big band era of the 1940s, when dance bands in Havana and New York City were enlarged.

According to Bobby Sanabria, the 3-2, 2-3 concept and terminology was developed in New York City during the 1940s by Cuban-born Mario Bauzá, when he was music director of Machito's Afro-Cubans.

" In the early 1940s the concept of " tree-farming " on private land was promoted by the National Lumber Manufacturers Association in an organized campaign to engage timberland owners in conservative timber production.

The concept was first suggested by Farrington Daniels in the 1940s, but commercial development did not take place until the 1960s in the German AVR reactor by Rudolf Schulten.

Roach's most significant innovations came in the 1940s, when he and jazz drummer Kenny Clarke devised a new concept of musical time.

The concept of multiculturalism was preceded by the concept of cultural pluralism, which was first developed in the 1910s and 1920s, and became widely popular during the 1940s.

The concept of cultural pluralism was popularized in the 1940s by John Dewey.

In Canada, the Radburn concept was used in Winnipeg, Manitoba in the late 1940s and early 1950s in three communities: Wildwood Park in Fort Garry, consisting of ten bays ( loop streets ), Norwood Flats in St. Boniface, consisting of four bays, and Gaboury Place, a single bay in St. Boniface – totalling several hundred single family houses, all facing sidewalks and green spaces and backing onto short bays.

Christopher Allen supported this definition and traced the core ideas of this concept back through Computer Supported Cooperative or Collaborative Work ( CSCW ) in the 1990s, Groupware in the 1970s and 1980s, to Englebart ’ s " augmentation " ( 1960s ) and Bush ’ s " Memex " ( 1940s ).

It is so powerful that, prior to the 1940s, it was thought that aircraft engines would not be powerful enough to overcome the drag, which led to the concept of a sound barrier.

The contemporary concept of clave with its accompanying terminology reached its full development in Cuban popular music during the 1940s.

The idea of an indoor shopping center with a hotel was envisioned in the 1940s by oilman Glenn H. McCarthy where a second phase was to include the Shamrock Hotel ; this concept was scrapped right after the Hilton Hotel franchise took over the Shamrock in 1955.

Media hype in the late 1940s and early 1950s following the Arnold sighting brought the concept of flying saucers to the public audience.

The concept of using vibration to free stuck objects from a wellbore originated in the 1940s, and probably stemmed from the 1930s use of vibration to drive piling in the Soviet Union.

The office of the future is a concept dating from the 1940s.

The concept is due to Ehresmann and Hopf in the 1940s.