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In the 1970s, squatting in West German cities led to " a self-confident urban counterculture with its own infrastructure of newspapers, self-managed collectives and housing cooperatives, feminist groups, and so on, which was prepared to intervene in local and broader politics ".
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1970s and squatting
Lacking even modest government-directed land reforms, illegal squatting became the primary means for poor people to gain land throughout the early 1970s.
The concept of " propaganda of the deed " received renewed attention in the 1970s – 1980s, especially among " urban guerrilleros " and the Italian autonomist movement, which had a large part in the creation of the squatting and Social Center movement.
1970s and West
WSC came after an era during which the duopoly of Australian and English dominance dissipated ; the Ashes had long been seen as a cricket world championship but the rise of the West Indies in the late 1970s challenged that view.
Carl Meinhof was the great-uncle ( the brother of the grandfather ) of Ulrike Meinhof, a founding member of the German Red Army Faction ( RAF ), a left-wing militant group, which operated in West Germany in 1970s and 1980s.
It is generally considered to be pejorative, originating in West German political debate of the late 1960s and 1970s.
Under the Hallstein Doctrine, the FRG did not have any diplomatic relations with countries in Eastern Europe until the early 1970s, when Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik led to increased dialogue and treaties like the Treaty of Warsaw, where West Germany accepted the Oder-Neisse line as German-Polish border, and the Basic Treaty, where West and East Germany accepted each other as sovereign entities.
With the upgrading of the West Coast Demerara / East Bank Essequibo and the East Coast Demerara / West Coast Berbice roadways, the Government decided in mid 1970s to cease operating the railway services, which were being run at a loss.
The first Jain temple to be built outside India was constructed and consecrated in the 1960s in Mombasa, Kenya by the local Gujarati Jain community, although Jainism in the West mostly came about after the Oswal and Jain diaspora spread to the West in the late 1970s and 1980s.
In the 1970s and 1980s it was thought that leg spin would disappear from the game due to the success of West Indian and later Australian teams exclusively using fast bowlers.
In British oval racing, the term Production car racing has been used as an alternative for hot rods, as run in the West Country during the late 1960s to the mid 1970s, and a Production car world championship race was held twice in the 1970s, won by Spence Morgan in 1974 and Ralph Sanders in 1975, both driving Ford Anglias.
His Hong Kong and Hollywood-produced films elevated the traditional Hong Kong martial arts film to a new level of popularity and acclaim, sparking a surge of interest in Chinese martial arts in the West in the 1970s.
By the 1970s the economies of the rest of Western Europe, particularly that of West Germany were prosperous and growing rapidly, while the Swedish economy stagnated.
This is generally seen as a sign that Kohl pursued Ostpolitik, a policy of détente between East and West that had been begun by the SPD-led governments ( and strongly opposed by Kohl's own CDU ) during the 1970s.
In West Germany, the search for democratic traditions in German history also lead to a more diversified picture of him in the 1970s.
He was a protégé of Ben-Gurion and Dayan and an early supporter of the West Bank settlers during the 1970s.
While still opposed, like all mainstream Israeli leaders in the 1970s and early 1980s, to talks with the PLO, he distanced himself from settlers and spoke of the need for " territorial compromise " over the West Bank and Gaza.
Writers such as Hermann Hesse and Jack Kerouac, in the West, and the hippie generation of the late 1960s and early 1970s led to a re-discovery of Buddhism.
When oil began to gush in West Texas in the early 20th century, and again in the late 1970s, Fort Worth was at the center of the wheeling and dealing.
In the 1970s, Denver's onstage appearance included long blond hair, embroidered shirts emblazoned with images commonly associated with the American West ( created by designer & appliqué artist Anna Zapp ), and " granny " glasses.
Mel Brooks ' 1974 film Blazing Saddles, set in the Wild West in 1874, contains many blatant anachronisms from the 1970s, including a stylish Gucci costume for the sheriff, an automobile, a scene at Grauman's Chinese Theater, and frequent references to Hedy Lamarr ( 1914 – 2000 ).
Since the 1970s, West Colfax Avenue through west Denver, Northeast Lakewood, Edgewater has had a high reputation and population of Mexican Americans as well as other Latino immigrants.
The remaining pre-war population was treated as Germanized Poles and a policy of re-Polonization was pursued throughout the country Most of these " Autochthones " chose to emigrate to West Germany from the 1950s through 1970s ( between 1970 and 1988 55, 227 persons from Warmia and Masuria moved to Western Germany ).
1970s and German
The idea that the German army operated on a " blitzkrieg doctrine " was vigorously attacked in the late 1970s by Matthew Cooper.
The same year, he made a cameo appearance in the German film Christiane F., a real-life story of teenage drug addiction in 1970s Berlin.
In addition, a distinction is sometimes drawn between the avantgarde " Young German Cinema " of the 1960s and the more accessible " New German Cinema " of the 1970s.
by Wolfgang Becker, Head-On by Fatih Akin, and Downfall by Oliver Hirschbiegel have arguably managed to recapture the provocative and innovative nature of 1970s New German cinema.
During the 1960s and 1970s German mathematician Heinrich Heesch developed methods of using computers to search for a proof.
Italian is the least spoken among the major three official languages of Switzerland ( the others being German and French ), and the language has seen a modest decline since the 1970s.
The majority ( over 100 thousand ) gradually left and after the improvement of German-Polish relations by the German Ostpolitik of the 1970s 55, 227 persons from Warmia and Masuria moved to Western Germany in between 1971 and 1988, today approximately between 5, 000 and 6, 000 Masurians still live in the area, about 50 percent of them members of the German minority in Poland, the remaining half is ethnic Polish.
The industry grew during German rule and peaked in the 1970s under the People's Republic of Poland.
The character Uli Kunkel was in the German electronic band Autobahn, a homage to the 1970s band Kraftwerk.
Examples include the German synthpop group Kraftwerk, Stevie Wonder (" Send One Your Love ", " A Seed's a Star ") and jazz / fusion keyboardist Herbie Hancock during his late 1970s period.
In the 1960s and 1970s she enjoyed considerable success as a singer of German chansons, which she often co-wrote.
It was not until the 1970s and 1980s that there was some mainstream exploration of the theme, with Holocaust survivors writing their memoirs, plays such as Bent, and more historical research and documentaries being published about the Nazis ' homophobia and their destruction of the German gay-rights movement.
Although they were first discovered in 1883 by the German zoologist, Franz Eilhard Schulze ( 1840-1921 ) and since the 1970s more systematically analyzed by the German protozoologist, Karl Gottlieb Grell ( 1912-1994 ), a common name does not yet exist for the taxon ; the scientific name literally means " flat animals ".
The boom of Italian cinema, which gave Bertolucci his start, slowed in the 1970s as directors were forced to co-produce their films with several of the American, Swedish, French, and German companies and actors due to the effects of the global economic recession on the Italian film industry.
* Nektar, a 1970s English / German progressive rock band based in Germany
* Neue Deutsche Welle, the German New Wave music movement in the late 1970s and early 1980s
The band continued releasing records into the 1980s, then re-grouped in 1983 in order to exploit the German market for 1970s nostalgia.
The congress highlighted the importance of policies that had been introduced or stressed at the two previous congresses and that had dominated East German life during the 1970s.
1970s and cities
Some music historians argue that Chicanos of Los Angeles in the late 1970s might have independently co-founded punk rock along with the already-acknowledged founders from British-European sources when introduced to the US in major cities.
During the 1970s and ‘ 80s rural poverty did decline, particularly in the Malayan Peninsula, but critics of the government ’ s policy contend that this was mainly due to the growth of overall national prosperity ( due in large part to the discovery of important oil and gas reserves ) and migration of rural people to the cities rather than to state intervention.
Big industrial cities such as Coventry, Birmingham, Manchester as well as parts of Newcastle and Nottingham also have large diaspora populations due to the Industrial Revolution and, in the case of the first two, the strength of the motor industry in the 1960s and 1970s.
Karachi especially after the 1970s has emerged as one of the largest Pashtun cities in the world with its Pashtun population estimated to be around five to seven million which is more than Peshawar, Kabul or Kandahar easily.
By the mid 1970s, Sweden experienced a recession that struck especially hard on the industrial sector ; shipyards and manufacturing industries were hard hit, which led to high unemployment in many cities of Scania.
A majority of the population of Mauritania depends on agriculture and livestock for a livelihood, even though most of the nomads and many subsistence farmers were forced into the cities by recurrent droughts in the 1970s and 1980s.
Outside of cities, the first major paved roads were constructed from the northern town of Arlit to the Benin border in the 1970s and 1980s.
Before the late 1970s and early 1980s, it was common for many smaller cities to have their own operators.
In the 1970s and early 1980s, as many listeners abandoned AM music formats for the high fidelity sound of the FM radio dial, the Talk Radio format began to catch on in more large cities.
Great progress was made in the late 1970s and 1980, when Grötschel, Padberg, Rinaldi and others managed to exactly solve instances with up to 2392 cities, using cutting planes and branch-and-bound.
* Gotham City ( the home of Batman ) and Metropolis ( the home of Superman ) have sometimes been presented as twin cities, mainly in 1970s and 1980s stories by DC Comics.
Robert Remini pointed out that while other cities were in fiscal crisis in the 1960s and 1970s, " Chicago always had a double-A bond rating.
By the mid 1970s, as other cities became increasingly choked in traffic and air pollution, Melbourne was convinced that its decision to retain its trams was the correct one, even though patronage had been declining since the 1950s in the face of increasing use of cars and the shift to the outer suburbs, beyond the tram network's limits.
In the late 1970s, these " young intellectuals " were finally allowed to return to their home cities.
During the 1970s and 1980s, urban decay was often associated with central areas of cities in North America and Europe.
Transportation and community planners began to promote the idea of compact cities and communities in the early 1970s.
Multiculturalism has been official policy in several Western nations since the 1970s, for reasons that varied from country to country, including the fact that many of the great cities of the Western world are increasingly made of a mosaic of cultures.
More Malays however have moved into the cities since the 1970s, and the proportion of the non-Malays have been decreasing continually, especially the Chinese, due in large part to lower birth-rate and emigration as a result of institutionalized discrimination.
As with many other American cities, center city population declined in the 1970s and 80s as families followed newly constructed highways to move to newer housing in nearby suburbs.
In the 1970s, a call went out for " third " television stations in several major cities in Canada.
Numerous middle-class and wealthy white people continued moving from cities to suburbs during the 1970s and later, in part to escape certain integrated school systems, but also as part of a suburbanization of the society, caused by movement of jobs to suburbs, continuing state and Federal support for expansion of highways, and changes in the economy.
Trams in Australia historically serviced many Australian towns and several cities formerly operated tram networks, however the majority of these were shut down before the 1970s.
In the end, TV news brought an end to most afternoon papers, but up until the 1970s, Chicago had a competitive journalistic scene unmatched by most other American cities, five daily newspapers and four wire services in competition, and none more competitive than Chicago's American.
Some cities such as Kansas City, Missouri, had used mostly American elms in planting its city streets and had had some of the finest shaded residential streets in the nation, until the disease almost obliterated these plantings in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
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