In Britain, the rise to prominence of the Young British Artists ( YBAs ) after the 1988 Freeze show, curated by Damien Hirst, and subsequent promotion of the group by the Saatchi Gallery during the 1990s, generated a media backlash, where the phrase " conceptual art " came to be a term of derision applied to much contemporary art.

As more Beaujolais producers tried to capitalize on the " Nouveau craze ", production of regular Beaujolais dropped and an eventual backlash occurred in the late 1990s and early 21st century.

As new jack swing became more popular in the early 1990s, there was backlash from comparatively " harder " acts in hip-hop ( particularly gangsta rap ), who felt that Brown and the NJS scene had sold them out, capitalizing on the early popularity of rap but watering down its core message.

Third-wave feminism began in the early 1990s, arising as a response to perceived failures of the second wave and to address the backlash against initiatives and movements created by the second wave.

Through the 1990s, mainstream movie and television actors have been more willing to portray homosexuality, as the threat of any backlash against their careers has lessened and society's acceptance of gay and lesbian people has increased.

Versions of the SITES " Spectre " M4 submachine gun specifically made for the civilian market have been around since the middle 1980s and up to the late 1990s, their production suffering a major backlash when the US Assault Weapons Ban prohibited the import and sale of them on the American market, the biggest and most lucrative for this kind of item.

Former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani initiated a campaign against the sale of box-cutter knives to young people in the 1990s.

The government also borrowed against future Compact disbursements in the early 1990s, yielding an external debt of $ 111 million in 1997 ( over 50 % of GDP ).

In several papers in the 1990s and 2000s he struck up other positions against the mainstream, questioning the link between UV-B and melanoma rates, and that between CFCs and stratospheric ozone loss.

Victims of their campaign against the Egyptian state in the 1990s included the head of the counter-terrorism police ( Major General Raouf Khayrat ), a parliamentary speaker ( Rifaat al-Mahgoub ), dozens of European tourists and Egyptian bystanders, and over 100 Egyptian police.

In the late 1990s, the government took action against Sunni Muslim extremists in the north who had attacked its soldiers, and it continues to move against groups such as Asbat al-Ansar, which has been accused of being partnered with Osama bin Laden's al-Qaida network.

Studies in the 1980s confirmed the autoimmune nature, and research in the 1990s demonstrated the link with antibodies against P / Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels.

In the 1980s and 1990s the Unification Church of the United States undertook an extensive public relations campaign against the use of the word by the news media, including hiring civil rights activist Ralph Abernathy to equate it with the word " nigger ".

The Nick Carter-Killmaster series of spy novels, initiated by Michael Avallone and Valerie Moolman, but authored anonymously, ran to over 260 separate books between 1964 and the early 1990s and invariably pitted American, Soviet and Chinese spies against each other.

Former New York City mayor Rudolph Giuliani made a crackdown on vandalism a centerpiece of his anti-crime agenda in the 1990s, asserting that a strong campaign against nonviolent " quality of life " crimes such as vandalism would bring about a corresponding decrease in violent crime.

* Political correctness in the 1980s and increasingly in the following 1990s, was a trend of behaviour, in western societies, designed to fit the mores of those opposed to forms of prejudice against certain minority groups.

This key business product competed against Cisco's AS5200 access server line in the mid 1990s as the explosion of the Internet led to service provider investment in dialup access server equipment.

The 1990s belonged to Michelle Gould ( née Gilman ) whose drive serve was a huge weapon against her opponents.

The movement developed as a reaction against various musical and cultural trends in the late 1980s and early 1990s, particularly the grunge phenomenon from the United States.

In the 1990s, based upon its monitoring of creationist efforts, it issued warnings of high levels of official anti-evolutionism and a " sharp surge upwards " in creationist attacks on evolution, including attempts to downgrade evolution from " fact " to " theory " ( see evolution as theory and fact ) or present the " evidence against evolution " ( see objections to evolution ).

There is no law against prisoner organ donation ; however, the transplant community has discouraged use of prisoner's organs since the early 1990s due to concern over prisons ' high-risk environment for infectious diseases.

In the early 1990s an image of Miffy holding an adjustable spanner coyly behind her back appeared on flyers produced by people taking direct action against the UK government's road building program.

In the 1990s and 2000s ( decade ) a small number of ex-NKVD agents living in the Baltic states were convicted of crimes against the local population.

The state and army Islamist resistance in the late 1990s, but local and sporadic fighting persists in 2009, along with occasional bomb attacks against government targets in major cities.

The DRS and its counter-espionage branch, DCE, assumed a leading role in the fight against the Islamist insurgency of the 1990s through a number of its own special forces units, as well as by establishing joint task force commands which assumed control over specialized military and police units.

* Los Pepes was a shadowy group formed in Colombia during the 1990s that committed acts of vigilantism against drug lord Pablo Escobar and his associates within the Medellin Cartel.

Described by Mark Bowden in his investigative work Killing Pablo, the sicarios played a key role in the wave of violence against police and authorities during the early 1990s campaign by the government to capture and extradite fugitive drug lord Pablo Escobar and other partners in the Medellin cocaine cartel.

During the 1980s and early 1990s, when the 68000 was widely used in desktop computers, it mainly competed against Intel's x86 architecture, which to this day — other than a small minority of Transmeta VLIW processors — remains the only architecture used in IBM Compatible PCs.

By the early 1990s, BBC director John Birt decided that departments were to charge each other and bid against each other for services and to cut those which couldn't make enough revenue to cover their costs.

In the 1990s, initiatives were taken at an international level ( in particular by the European Community, the Council of Europe, the OECD ) to put a ban on corruption: in 1996, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, for instance, adopted a comprehensive Programme of Action against Corruption and, subsequently, issued a series of anti-corruption standard-setting instruments:

A second generation of utilitarian bioethicists, including Julian Savulescu, Jacob M. Appel and Thaddeus Mason Pope, advanced these arguments further in the 1990s and 2000s.

A number of companies wanted to license the COCONET GUI but Coconut Computing chose not to, and as a result, a competing approach called Remote Imaging Protocol ( RIP ) emerged and was promoted by Telegrafix in the early to mid 1990s but it never became widespread.

In the 1980s and early 1990s, numerous media reports emerged that plans were underway to do a biopic based upon Haley's life, with Beau Bridges, Jeff Bridges and John Ritter all at one point being mentioned as actors in line to play Haley ( according to Goldmine Magazine, Ritter attempted to buy the film rights to Sound and Glory ).

As the economy of the Soviet Union fell into a decline during the 1990s, the People's Republic of China has emerged as a new a key partner for Cuba's foreign relations and the guardian of socialist countries around the world.

Drum and bass () ( also written as drum ' n ' bass and commonly abbreviated to D & B, D + B or DnB ) is a type of electronic music which emerged in the mid 1990s.

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, EVM emerged as a project management methodology to be understood and used by managers and executives, not just EVM specialists.

Several freestyle acts emerged from the metropolitan Philadelphia, PA area in the early 1990s.

Allegations emerged of drug trafficking reaching into the upper echelons of government, as it had done under the military regimes of the 1980s and early 1990s ( illegal drug trade in Haiti ).

In the 1990s major, prize winning, Scottish novels, often overtly political, that emerged from this movement included Irvine Welsh's Trainspotting ( 1993 ), Warner's Morvern Callar ( 1995 ), Gray ’ s Poor Things ( 1992 ) and Kelman ’ s How Late It Was, How Late ( 1994 ).

Other biotechnical applications have emerged since the 1990s.

On the East Coast, Latin artists such as the Beatnuts emerged in the early 1990s, with New Jersey native Chino XL earning recognition for his lyricism and equal controversy for his subject matter.

From a historical perspective the three-tier architecture concept emerged in the 1990s from observations of distributed systems ( e. g., web applications ) where the client, middle ware and data tiers ran on physically separate platforms.

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, as new Acid styles emerged, the TB-303 was often overdriven, producing a harsher liquid acid-like sound.

* In-yer-face theatre – a term for drama that emerged in Great Britain in the 1990s to describe work by young playwrights who present vulgar, shocking, and confrontational material on stage as a means of involving and affecting their audiences.

Even as popularity dwindled, the fighting game genre continued to evolve ; several strong 3D fighting games also emerged in the late 1990s.

* Smartphones, which combine mobile phones with the features of personal digital assistants and portable media players, first emerged in the 1990s but did not become very popular until late in the 2000s.

During the 1990s, Southeast Asia emerged as the fastest growing economy in the world.

Britpop emerged from the British independent music scene of the early 1990s and was characterised by bands influenced by British guitar pop music of the 1960s and 1970s.

It emerged from the work of activist and political theorist Michael Albert and that of radical economist Robin Hahnel, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s.

In the latter 1990s, a number of performers and dance groups emerged to create Neo-burlesque, a revival of the classic American burlesque striptease of the early half of the 20th century.

In the 1990s, " Deaf College Bowl " for university teams with hearing-impaired students emerged.

Marcy Playground emerged in the late 1990s.

Balanced budgets did not actually emerge until the late 1990s when budget surpluses ( not accounting for liabilities to the Social Security Trust Fund ) emerged.

In the 1990s, a minority scientific opinion emerged proposing that caviomorphs, such as guinea pigs, chinchillas, and degus, are not rodents and should be reclassified as a separate order of mammals ( similar to lagomorphs ).

The 1990s was the decade when Internet and e-commerce technologies emerged.

Whilst the genre emerged towards the late-1980s, it was not until the 1990s that progressive metal achieved commercial success.