The main Madchester bands dominated the UK Indie Charts during late 1989 and much of 1990.

Outside the UK, the success of Madchester was limited, although some releases gained recognition in specialist charts around the world.

The immediate influence of Madchester was in inspiring the wider baggy movement in the UK, with bands from various parts of the country producing music in the early 1990s heavily influenced by the main Madchester players.

The attraction of the city was such that, at the height of Madchester in 1990, the University of Manchester was the most sought-after destination for university applicants in the UK, a position shared year-on-year by Oxford and Cambridge in the normal course of things.

Levitation's music and attitude challenged an early 1990s UK alternative music scene dominated by shoegazing and Madchester.

* Ep 431 ( 2003-10-05 ) Madchester Part 1-featuring: The Charlatans ( UK band ) & Joy Division & The Smiths & New Order & Happy Mondays & The Stone Roses

* Ep 432 ( 2003-10-12 ) Madchester Part 2-featuring: 808 State & Happy Mondays & The Stone Roses & Inspiral Carpets & James ( band ) & The Charlatans ( UK band ) & The Farm ( band ) & Blur ( band )

After a struggle for success and recognition throughout the 1980s, James finally achieved commercial success in the early 1990s with the rise of the Madchester music scene, and their single " Sit Down " reaching number 2 in the UK Singles Chart.

The UK punk scene of the late 1970s introduced bands that glorified their working-class heritage: Sham 69 had a hit song " The Cockney Kids are Innocent ".

The most successful of the first wave was Maximum Speed, which successfully captured the frenetic world of a mod revival scene that was propelling bands like Secret Affair, Purple Hearts and The Chords into the UK charts.

In the UK, there were also fanzines that covered the local music scene in a particular town or city.

However, in the last couple of years the British graffiti scene has been struck by self-titled ' art terrorist ' Banksy, who has revolutionized the style of UK graffiti ( bringing to the forefront stencils to aid the speed of painting ) as well as the content ; making his work largely satirical of the sociological state of cities, or the political climate of war, often using monkeys and rats as motifs.

* Ketamine is used in the UK as " field anaesthesia ", for instance at a road traffic incidents or similar situations where an operation must be conducted at the scene or when there is not enough time to move to an operating room, while preferring other anesthetics where conditions allow their use.

The scene appears to have taken the gothic name from an article published in UK rock weekly Sounds: " The face of Punk Gothique ", written by Steve Keaton and published in February 1981.

He became involved with the emerging UK acid house scene, after organizing Madhouse at The Fridge, Brixton in 1988-which was the subject of a piece by Peel in The Observer.

In July, the Ramones crossed the Atlantic for two London shows that helped spark the nascent UK punk scene and affected its musical style —" instantly nearly every band speeded up ".

If the Sex Pistols ' breakup the previous year had marked the end of the original UK punk scene and its promise of cultural transformation, for many the death of Vicious signified that it had been doomed from the start.

In the original UK DVD release, the scene in which Connery throws a knife through a sentry's throat and says " you must never hesitate " to Cage was cut, although this scene was shown on British television.

Trip hop may have originated in the mid-1980s in Bristol, UK, during a time when American hip hop started to gain increasing popularity there along with the then exploding popularity of the house music and dance scene.

The UK hip-hop scene tended to sample more deeply from Jamaican influences, due to the larger Caribbean ancestry of the British black population, and the existing mass British popularity of reggae, dancehall and dub in the 1980s.

Scoring some 23 UK top 40 singles and 17 UK top 40 albums to date in a career spanning four decades, the Stranglers are the longest-surviving and most " continuously successful " band to have originated in the UK punk scene of the mid to late 1970s.

While their aggressive, no-compromise attitude identified them as one of the instigators of the UK punk rock scene that followed, their idiosyncratic approach rarely followed any single musical genre and the group went on to explore a variety of musical styles, from New Wave, art rock and gothic rock through to the sophisticated pop of some of their 1980s output.

Inspired by the burgeoning UK punk scene, Wire are often cited as one of the more important rock groups of the 1970s and 1980s.

Breakbeat hardcore ( aka oldskool rave hardcore ) is a derivative of acid house and techno music, of the late 1980s and early 1990s, that combines four-on-the-floor rhythms with breakbeats, and is associated with the UK rave scene.

It was the first city in the UK to install street signs bearing the rainbow coloured Pride flag to identify its gay quarter on Stanley Street, Cumberland Street, Temple Lane, Eberle Street and Temple Street, and was also the scene of many significant moments in the history of the gay rights movement ( see LGBT culture in Liverpool ).

One of the first homegrown soundsystems in the UK, The Wild Bunch became dominant on the Bristol club scene in the mid-1980s.

Heavily influenced by the UK rock scene, particularly The Clash, The Jam and Dr. Feelgood, Chao and other musicians formed the Spanish / English rockabilly group Hot Pants in the mid-1980s.

Another related off-shoot is the UK travelling crusty scene, with bands such as Back To The Planet and Radical Dance Faction playing reggae / dance-tinged punk.

Wiiija became loosely associated with the early UK riot grrrl scene as a result of releases by Huggy Bear and Blood Sausage, as well as the Some Hearts Paid To Lie EP which featured Comet Gain, Skinned Teen, Linus and Pussycat Trash.

However, perhaps the first organised attempt to conserve cultural patrimony was the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings in the UK, influenced by the writings of John Ruskin the society was founded by William Morris and Philip Webb in 1877.

Architects who have been strongly influenced by the anthroposophic style include Imre Makovecz in Hungary, Hans Scharoun and Joachim Eble in Germany, Erik Asmussen in Sweden, Kenji Imai in Japan, Thomas Rau, Anton Alberts and Max van Huut in Holland, Christopher Day and Camphill Architects in the UK, Thompson and Rose in America, Denis Bowman in Canada, and Walter Burley Griffin and Gregory Burgess in Australia.

Some research carried out at the University of Kent, UK suggests people may be influenced by conspiracy theories without being aware that their attitudes have changed.

The replacement Cinematograph Films Act 1938 provided incentives for UK companies to make fewer films of higher quality and, influenced by world politics, encouraged American investment and imports.

* Derek Gregory ( born 1951 ), famous for writing on the Israeli, U. S. and UK actions in the Middle East after 9 / 11, influenced by Edward Said and has contributed work on imagined geographies.

Asian Dub Foundation are not huge mainstream stars, but their politically charged rap and punk rock influenced sound has a multi-racial audience in their native UK.

The New Wave of British Heavy Metal influenced the UK 82 style of bands like Discharge, and hardcore punk was a primary influence on thrash metal bands such as Metallica and Slayer.

In the UK, the Labour Party was influenced by the British social reformer William Beveridge, who had identified five " Giant Evils " afflicting the working class of the pre-war period: " want " ( poverty ), disease, " ignorance " ( lack of access to education ), " squalor " ( poor housing ), and " idleness " ( unemployment ).

In Europe and particularly the UK, the terms ' Compact City ' or ' urban intensification ' have often been used to describe similar concepts, which have influenced government planning policies in the UK, the Netherlands and several other European countries.

For example, bus services in the UK outside London are provided by both the public and private sectors in a deregulated economic environment ( where no-one specifies which services are to be provided, so the provision of services is influenced by the market ), whereas bus services within London are provided by the private sector in a regulated economic environment ( where the public sector specifies the services to be provided and the private sector competes for the right to supply those services-i. e.

Jamaican deejay toasting also influenced various types of dance music, such as jungle music and UK garage.

Love have also influenced many 1960s inspired Top 40 UK acts, including The Stone Roses, The Bluetones, Shack, The Stands, Primal Scream and Ricky, whose mini-album, You Set The Scene was named after a song on Forever Changes.

Many artists in various genres of electronic music ( such as house, drum n bass, UK garage, and downtempo ) are heavily influenced by soul, and have produced many soul-inspired compositions.

In the UK alone, there are believed to be over 470 different types of sausages ; some made to traditional regional recipes such as those from Cumberland or Lincolnshire, and increasingly to modern recipes which combine fruit such as apples or apricots with the meat, or are influenced by other European styles such as the Toulouse or Chorizo.

The genre was originally influenced by developments in electronic dance music ( EDM ) such as Detroit Techno and various breakbeat styles that were emerging in the UK at that time.

More recently, trans-atlantic relations between the US and the UK have been markedly influenced by Pembroke alumni.

Almost two years later, Jackson recorded the UK No. 14 album Body and Soul, also heavily influenced by pop and jazz standards and salsa, showcasing the US No. 15 hit single " You Can't Get What You Want ( Till You Know What You Want )".

" Smith soon became influenced by the emergence of the UK punk scene of 1977, and has cited The Sex Pistols, The Stranglers, Elvis Costello, The Buzzcocks and Siouxsie and the Banshees as important influences on his own music from this period.

In November, 1982 the Motown influenced electro pop single " Mirror Man " reached No. 2 in the UK chart, just missing another Christmas No. 1, which was taken by a novelty record by Renée and Renato.

The style of the parties in many places has been influenced by the rave scene in the UK, with sound systems playing dance music.

There are many organic gardening and self-sufficiency movements within the UK who continue to this day to claim that The Good Life was inspirational and influenced their own lifestyle changes.

In the UK, the Jesus Army was among the groups most influenced by the Jesus movement, embracing ( former ) hippies, bikers and drug addicts, among others.