In the US and some other countries, because of legal and tax restrictions on alcohol consumption, ethanol destined for other uses often contains additives that make it unpalatable ( such as denatonium benzoate ) or poisonous ( such as methanol ).

* 1861 – American Civil War: in order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 ( 3 % of all incomes over US $ 800 ; rescinded in 1872 ).

However, in October 2004, the Cuban government announced an end to this policy: from November US dollars would no longer be legal tender in Cuba, but would instead be exchanged for convertible pesos ( since April 2005 at the exchange rate of $ 1. 08 ) with a 10 % tax payable to the state on the exchange of US dollars cash — though not on other forms of exchange.

Following Gibraltar's signing of 12 additional Tax Information Exchange Agreements ( TIEAs ), as of October 2009, with jurisdictions including the UK, US and Germany, to sum 13, Gibraltar is currently listed in the OECD " white list ", and is considered a jurisdiction that has substantially implemented the tax standard.

* Mapping to income tax schedules and TXF export for import into tax prep software ( US )

Limited partnerships are principally used for hedge funds aimed at US-based investors who pay tax, as the investors will receive relatively favorable tax treatment in the US.

Offshore corporate funds are used for non-US investors, which would otherwise be subject to more complex tax issues by investing in a tax-transparent entity such as a partnership, and US entities that do not pay tax such as state, corporate, private and union pension funds, which would otherwise be subject to unrelated business income tax in the United States.

In many countries, such as the US and the UK, the tax law provides that the interest on this cash value is not taxable under certain circumstances.

* 1932 – The Revenue Act of 1932 is enacted, creating the first gas tax in the United States, at a rate of 1 cent per US gallon ( 1 / 4 ¢/ L ) sold.

US tax code definitions: http :// codes. lp. findlaw. com / uscode / 26 / E / 52 / A / 5702

In 2007 the US State of Michigan included phrenology in a list of personal services subject to sales tax.

In response, the government launched a US $ 5. 6 billion economic stimulus package ( 3 % of its GDP ), provided financial incentives for businesses, and introduced tax breaks.

There were only two conditions to acquire a lot: 1-a token tax of 5 shillings ( 5 sols ) per arpent of land should be paid every year ($ 0. 03 per per year in 2005 US dollars ); 2-a house should be built on the lot according to the plans and models established by the Surintendant des Bâtiments du Roi ( architect in chief of the royal demesne ).

* February 25 – Oregon places a one cent per US gallon ( 0. 26 ¢/ liter ) tax on gasoline, becoming the first U. S. state to levy a gasoline tax.

** American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government issues the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 ( 3 % of all incomes over US $ 800 ; rescinded in 1872 ).

* June 6 – The Revenue Act of 1932 is enacted, creating the first gas tax in the United States at 1 cent per US gallon ( 0. 26 ¢/ L ) sold.

The US economic contraction in 1937, the last gasp of the Great Depression, is blamed on tightening of monetary policy by the Federal Reserve resulting in a higher cost of capital and weaker securities markets, a reduced net government contribution to income, the undistributed profits tax, and higher labor costs.

The US top marginal income tax rate went from 25 % to 63 % in 1932 and to 79 % in 1936 while the bottom rate increased over 10 fold from. 375 % in 1929 to 4 % in 1932 Successful attacks on partially backed currencies which forced many countries off the gold standard and reduced confidence in the financial system, and a financial system, further damaged by the bank panics of the 1930s were also factors, as was inclement weather such as the drought resulting in the US Dust Bowl.

The war had begun with a Mexican slaughter of American soldiers in territory disputed by Mexico and the US ; Polk insisted that Mexican soldiers had " invaded our territory and shed the blood of our fellow-citizens on our own soil ".

The Christian Science Monitor reports that " Counterinsurgency efforts focus on better grasping and meeting local needs " in Afghanistan, under the Human Terrain System ( HTS ) program ; in addition, HTS teams are working with the US military in Iraq.

In 2009, the American Anthropological Association's Commission on the Engagement of Anthropology with the US Security and Intelligence Communities released its final report concluding, in part, that, " When ethnographic investigation is determined by military missions, not subject to external review, where data collection occurs in the context of war, integrated into the goals of counterinsurgency, and in a potentially coercive environment – all characteristic factors of the HTS concept and its application – it can no longer be considered a legitimate professional exercise of anthropology.

US House Resolution 106 was introduced on January 30, 2007 later referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs.

In 1874, Mackenzie negotiated a new free trade agreement with the United States, eliminating the high protective tariffs on Canadian goods in US markets.

In 2005 the World Bank defined extreme poverty as living on less than US $ 1. 25 a day.

This meant living on the equivalent of US $ 1. 25 a day, in the US, buying US goods.

In 2011, this means surviving on the equivalent to US $ 1. 50, A $ 2 or £ 1 per day.

Alfred William Lawson ( March 24, 1869 – November 29, 1954 ) was a professional baseball player, manager and league promoter from 1887 through 1916 and went on to play a pioneering role in the US aircraft industry, publishing two early aviation trade journals.

They were originally buried where they died, but were later moved on the orders of the US military government to the cemeteries of their previous homes.

The US Chamber of Commerce argued that the costs of the ADA would be " enormous " and have " a disastrous impact on many small businesses struggling to survive ".

So named due to its resemblance to a traditional agricultural plough ( or more specifically two ploughshares ), many manufacturers produce a plough-style design, all based on or direct copies of the original CQR ( Secure ), a 1933 design patented in the UK ( US patent in 1934 ) by mathematician Geoffrey Ingram Taylor.

Based on his industry experience on Air Force missile projects, Mueller realized some skilled managers could be found among high-ranking officers in the US Air Force, so he got Webb's permission to recruit General Samuel C. Phillips, who gained a reputation for his effective management of the Minuteman program, as OMSF program controller.

* US Presidents on US postage stamps

* 1975 – General Cao Van Vien, chief of the South Vietnamese military, departs for the US as the North Vietnamese Army closed in on victory.

Most of the US midwest is on square mile grids for surveying purposes.

* Ranald MacDonald, first man to teach the English language in Japan and one of the interpreters between the Tokugawa shogunate and Commodore Perry when the latter made his trips to Japan on behalf of the US government in the early 1850s

In 1941, interviews on American radio and favorable articles in US magazines, including a piece by Jack Alexander in The Saturday Evening Post, led to increased book sales and membership.

Plans were also made for a new retractable-roof ballpark, Bank One Ballpark, nicknamed the BOB, ( renamed in 2005 to Chase Field ) to be built in an industrial / warehouse district on the southeast edge of downtown Phoenix, one block from the Suns ' America West Arena ( now US Airways Center ).

Belief in conspiracy theories has become a topic of interest for sociologists, psychologists and experts in folklore since at least the 1960s, when the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy eventually provoked an unprecedented public response directed against the official version of the case as expounded in the Report of the Warren Commission.

Cuba, located just from the US city of Key West, was of interest to the doctrine's founders, as they warned European forces to leave " America for the Americans ".

The historic under-commitment by the US within France's sphere of interest in the Indian Ocean looks set to continue after a November 2009 meeting between heads of state.

The multi-million dollar lawsuit was eventually resolved in 2001 for US $ 6. 6 million ($ 8 million after interest was added ) in favor of the plaintiff.

It was in the national interest of the US to preserve West Pakistan ....", Kissinger maintained.

Some US officials became especially concerned when Chinese interest in Galileo was reported.

* Rob Coppinger, Secret files reveal US interest in UK HOTOL spaceplane, Flight International, 23 February 2009.

US interest in hydraulic rams picked up around 1840, as further patents were issued and domestic companies started offering rams for sale.

In some funds, particularly in the US, some of these functions are performed by the investment manager, a practice that gives rise to a potential conflict of interest inherent in having the investment manager both determine the NAV and benefit from its increase through performance fees.

The Chinese architectural community at the time also showed little interest in the building, as they tended to celebrate postmodern architects from the US like Michael Graves.

ABC took an interest in the pilot and asked Chrysalis / Lakeside to produce the series for US audiences.

There have even been reports of US interest in establishing a non-permanent military base in the archipelago. The US maintains friendly ties with STP.

Support for the coalition brought economic dividends: Qatar canceled further repayment of all principal and interest on outstanding loans, and Saudi Arabia offered Somalia a US $ 70 million grant and promised to sell it oil at below prevailing international market prices.

The terrorist attacks against the US on 11 September 2001, and the subsequent War on Terror, reawakened interest in the peoples and politics of the world beyond its borders.

The US Federal Reserve cuts the prime interest rate by half a percent to three percent.

In the US and United Kingdom, from 1945 to 1980 negative real interest rates have cost lenders an estimated 3-4 % of GDP per year on average.

The US national security interest in significantly growing transmission capacity drove passage of the 2005 energy act giving the Department of Energy the authority to approve transmission if states refuse to act.

Ben Bernanke, Princeton professor and current chairman of the US Federal Reserve, has argued that monetary policy could respond to zero interest rate conditions by direct expansion of the money supply.

For fiscal year 2012, its appropriation was US $ 445. 2 million, including $ 1M in interest earned ).

Interest waned as the US Air Force lost interest in the manned mission, and major development ended during the Space Shuttle design process when it became clear that the highly shaped fuselages made it difficult to fit fuel tankage.

The debut of the SpeedVision television network brought a resurgence of interest in sports car racing in the US, with the network originally showing a large amount of sports car racing and sports car related programming.

Wilson's approach of maintaining close relations with the US while pursuing an independent line on Vietnam has attracted new interest in the light of the different approach taken by the Blair government vis-a-vis Britain's participation in the Iraq War ( 2003 ).