Despite its rare use, Italian orthography allows the circumflex accent ( î ) too, in two cases: it can be found in old literary context ( roughly up to 19th century ) to signal a syncope ( fêro → fecero, they did ), or in modern Italian to signal the contraction of ″- ii ″ due to the plural ending-i whereas the root ends with another-i ; e. g., s. demonio, p. demonii → demonî ; in this case the circumflex also signals that the word intended is not demoni, plural of " demone " by shifting the accent ( demònî, " devils "; dèmoni, " demons ").

Often, slashes are used to signal broad or phonemic transcription ; thus, is less specific than, and could refer to, either or depending on the context and language.

A demultiplexer is, in this context, a device taking a single input signal that carries many channels and separates those over multiple output signals.

* In the context of computer networks, the signal is generally a data packet, and the RTT is also known as the ping time.

In signal processing it is usually the context ( discrete or continuous time ) that distinguishes the Kronecker and Dirac " functions ".

In the context of resonators, Q is defined in terms of the ratio of the energy stored in the resonator to the energy supplied by a generator, per cycle, to keep signal amplitude constant, at a frequency ( the resonant frequency ), f < sub > r </ sub >, where the stored energy is constant with time:

Moreover, data obtained in a natural context has lower signal quality, due to surroundings noise and distance of the subjects from the microphone.

In the context of signal processing, arbitrary binary data streams are not considered as signals, but only analog and digital signals that are representations of analog physical quantities.

Janik and Slater ( 2000 ) have stated that learning can modify the emission of vocalizations in one of two ways: ( 1 ) by influencing the context in which a particular signal is used and / or ( 2 ) by altering the acoustic structure of the call itself.

In the context of LCD screens, it is used to describe when a screen samples the input signal, and the frame is held there without redrawing it.

We signal our agreement or approbation of a previously uttered assertion or confirm some commonly held belief or imply that what we are asserting is likely to be accepted by others in the same context.

* signal ↔ context of insertion

This formulation was first described by Eugene Wigner in 1932 in the context of quantum mechanics and, later, reformulated as a general TFR by Ville in 1948 to form what is now known as the Wigner – Ville distribution, as it was shown in that Wigner's formula needed to use the anaytic signal defined in Ville's paper to be useful as a representation and for a practical analysis.

In this context, JNK-dependent phosphorylation of JIP1 ( and possibly JIP2 ) provides a signal for JIPs to release the JIP-bound and inactive upstream pathway components, thus driving a strong local positive feedback loop.

In the context of a communication system that sends binary messages from the transmitter to the receiver across a noisy channel, a matched filter can be used to detect the transmitted pulses in the noisy received signal.

Whenever an electronic device transmits digital ( and sometimes analogue ) data to another electronic device, there must be a certain rhythm established between the two devices, i. e., the receiving device must have some way of knowing, within the context of the fluctuating signal that it's receiving, where each unit of data begins and where it ends.

The signal, in this context, can be either the call itself, the intensity of a call, its variation style, repetition, etc.

In the context of aftertaste, the combination of both receptor-dependent and receptor-independent processes have been proposed to explain the signal transduction mechanisms for foods with distinct aftertastes, particularly those that are bitter.

Using callbacks on signals, libevent makes it easy to write secure signal handlers as none of the user supplied signal handling code runs in the signal's context.

A recent study argues that human cleverness is simply selected within the context of sexual selection as an honest signal of genetic resistance against parasites and pathogens.

This type of compositing interface allows great flexibility, including the ability to modify the parameters of an earlier image processing step " in context " ( while viewing the final composite ).

Ways to reduce such context / restore latency include having relatively few registers in their central processing units ( undesirable because it slows down most non-interrupt processing substantially ), or at least having the hardware not save them all ( this fails if the software then needs to compensate by saving the rest " manually ").

According to this model, recency is a result of the final items ’ processing context being similar to the processing context of the other items and the distinctive position of the final items versus items in the middle of the list.

In the end distractor task, the processing context of the final items is no longer similar to the processing context of the other list items.

However, when distractor tasks are placed before and after each item, the recency effect returns, because all the list items once again have similar processing context.

An example of top down processing: Even though the second letter in each word is ambiguous, top down processing allows for easy disambiguation based on the context.

In multiprocessing, the processors can be used to execute a single sequence of instructions in multiple contexts ( single-instruction, multiple-data or SIMD, often used in vector processing ), multiple sequences of instructions in a single context ( multiple-instruction, single-data or MISD, used for redundancy in fail-safe systems and sometimes applied to describe pipelined processors or hyper-threading ), or multiple sequences of instructions in multiple contexts ( multiple-instruction, multiple-data or MIMD ).

Hence the need for a BOM arises in the context of text interchange, rather than in normal text processing within a closed environment.

Sometimes operators that have a similar purpose, especially in the context of list processing, are pronounced " cons ".

; Answer extraction: Answer extraction depends on the complexity of the question, on the answer type provided by question processing, on the actual data where the answer is searched, on the search method and on the question focus and context.

Heuristic and systematic information processing within and beyond the persuasion context.

Dysfunctions of cognitive processing of context and abnormalities that PTSD patients suffer from can affect hindsight thinking such as in combat soldiers perceiving they could have altered outcomes of events in war.

The Prefrontal Cortex ( PFC ) and dopamine ( DA ) systems are parts of the brain that can be responsible for the impairment in cognitive control processing of context information.

In the context of image processing, the dual transform is commonly called backprojection as it takes a function defined on each line in the plane and ' smears ' or projects it back over the line to produce an image.

The set of all binomial distributions is called the family of binomial distributions, but in general discussions this expression is often shortened to `` the binomial distribution '', or even `` the binomial '' when the context is clear.

Equivalents could be assigned to the paradigm either at the time it is added to the dictionary or after the word has been studied in context.

What is new in the context is likely to be made more prominent than what is not.

Thus in a context in which there has been discussion of snow but mention of local conditions is new, dominant stress will probably be on here in it rarely snows here, but in a context in which there has been discussion of local weather but no mention of snow, dominant stress will probably be on snows.

The personal pronouns and substitute one are normally unstressed because they refer to what is prominent in the immediate context.

If both George and a piece of information George does not have are prominent in the context, but the idea of telling George is new, then dominant stress will probably be on tell in why not tell George??

But when what is new in a particular context is also fairly obvious, there is normally only light stress or no stress at all.

Here again, in the written language it is possible to help the reader get his stresses right by using underlining or italics, but much of the time there is simply reliance on his understanding in the light of context.

It is clear that patterns of stress sometimes show construction unambiguously in the spoken language where without the help of context it would be ambiguous in the written.

In the Steiners have busy lives without visiting relatives only context can indicate whether visiting relatives is equivalent in meaning to paying visits to relatives or to relatives who are visiting them, and in I looked up the number and I looked up the chimney only the meanings of number and chimney make it clear that up is syntactically a second complement in the first sentence and a preposition followed by its object in the second.

Yet in the contemporary context this is precisely what one must not do.

In the context of larger ethical discussions on moral action and judgment, Buddhism is characterized by the belief that negative ( unhappy ) consequences of our actions derive not from punishment or correction based on moral judgment, but from the law of karma, which functions like a natural law of cause and effect.

In 2009, the American Anthropological Association's Commission on the Engagement of Anthropology with the US Security and Intelligence Communities released its final report concluding, in part, that, " When ethnographic investigation is determined by military missions, not subject to external review, where data collection occurs in the context of war, integrated into the goals of counterinsurgency, and in a potentially coercive environment – all characteristic factors of the HTS concept and its application – it can no longer be considered a legitimate professional exercise of anthropology.

In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean, or simply the mean or average when the context is clear, is the central tendency of a collection of numbers taken as the sum of the numbers divided by the size of the collection.

Power analysis is often applied in the context of ANOVA in order to assess the probability of successfully rejecting the null hypothesis if we assume a certain ANOVA design, effect size in the population, sample size and significance level.