A singly reinforced beam is one in which the concrete element is only reinforced near the tensile face and the reinforcement, called tension steel, is designed to resist the tension.

An under-reinforced beam is one in which the tension capacity of the tensile reinforcement is smaller than the combined compression capacity of the concrete and the compression steel ( under-reinforced at tensile face ).

An over-reinforced beam is one in which the tension capacity of the tension steel is greater than the combined compression capacity of the concrete and the compression steel ( over-reinforced at tensile face ).

Despite this tension and the city's decline in the face of barbarian invasions, Arles remained a great religious centre and host of church councils ( see Council of Arles ), the rival of Vienne, for hundreds of years.

In 1861, a few months before the start of the Civil War, Camp Cooper was abandoned by federal troops in the face of building political tension between north and south.

Also, high tech tension tools exist which sit over the lock face allowing the user to see a display of the amount of torque applied.

President Kibaki's first term was about reviving and turning round the Kenyan economy after years of economic mis-management during the Moi years-a feat that was largely attained in the face of great challenges, including the President's ill health at the time, and political tension culminating in the break-up of the NARC coalition. The introduction of free primary education, was a great milestone.

The bridges were subject to constant wear and tear as they required repeated flexing when being set and removed from the face, so would frequently break or lose their tension.

In closed cell foams, the yield strength is increased if the material is under tension because of the membrane that spans the face of the cells.

To this, King affirmed that he and his fellow demonstrators were using nonviolent direct action in order to cause tension that would force the wider community to face the issue head on.

The figure is estimated to be from the 9th century due to stylistic evidence, including the overly wide lap and the lack of tension in the depiction of the robes and face of the Buddha.

However, some backstrokers face the problem of splash on their faces due to surface tension that clings to their arms as they exit the water.

Badger's brief term as Secretary was marked by efforts to strengthen the Navy in the face of tension with Great Britain, the establishment of the Home Squadron and continued interest in steamships.

* 1958: Arkansas Gazette, " for demonstrating the highest qualities of civic leadership, journalistic responsibility and moral courage in the face of great public tension during the school integration crisis of 1957.

"... the ability to constructively face the tensions of opposing models, and instead of choosing one at the expense of the other, generating a creative resolution of the tension in the form of a new model that contains elements of the individual models, but is superior to each.

The Fantastique is often linked to a particular ambiance, a sort of tension in the face of the impossible.

Political parties often face tension between the holders of marginal seats and safe seats.

War alone keys up all human energies to their maximum tension and sets the seal of nobility on those peoples who have the courage to face it.

The dropouts or track ends face rearwards to facilitate chain tension adjustment.

Like most intercity school systems, the district has had to face its own share of controversy dealing with problems concerning racial tension, student population assignments, and administrative scandal ; such incidences include a student boycott in 1966 and using " racial tie-breakers " which led to a 2007 supreme court case.

Critical reception was mostly mixed, Allmusic noted that " his faraway vocal choirs and manipulated sound effects have the ability to evoke the unsettled tension that once tinged Lacuna Coil's dark electronic experiments ... unfortunately these atmospheres deflate in the face of guitar-heavy modern rock appliques ," and giving the album a 2. 5 out of 5.

The teeth on a coping saw blade should normally face the handle ( i. e., " backwards " as compared with most other Western saws ); the action of pulling the coping saw allows the frame to remain in tension ( and thus reduces blade breakages ).

A sebaceous cyst on the left side of his nose caused him to be mocked by some of his contemporaries, and he sat for photographs and portraits with the right side of his face most prominent.

Only he and Bedr were left to face the unknown.

After he inadvertently insulted a woman while working the door at a Brooklyn night club, Capone was attacked by her brother Frank Gallucio ; and his face was slashed three times on the left side.

When photographed, Capone hid the scarred left side of his face saying the injuries were war wounds.

Crossing the Aniene and turning to the right, the path rises along the left face off the ravine and soon reaches the site of Nero's villa and of the huge mole which formed the lower end of the middle lake ; across the valley were ruins of the Roman baths, of which a few great arches and detached masses of wall still stand.

The undealt cards, if any, are left face down in the middle of the table, forming the stock ( also called the talon, widow, skat or kitty depending on the game and region ).

After his soul had left the tabernacle of the body, his face still continued ruddy, and brightened in a wonderful way by his vision of the angels, and that to such a degree that he had the appearance, not so much of one dead, as of one alive and sleeping.

A sword scar wound on the left side of his face is present in his self-portrait and sculptures and corresponds to some of the buccal branches of the facial nerve.

In 1968, he studied glass in Venice on a Fulbright Fellowship and received a Master of Fine Arts at the Rhode Island School of Design. In 1971, with the support of John Hauberg and Anne Gould Hauberg, Chihuly founded the Pilchuck Glass School near Stanwood, Washington. About the Pilchuck Glass School from their websiteIn 1976, while Chihuly was in England, he was involved in a head-on car accident during which he flew through the windshield. Glass Houses: Dale Chihuly Files a Lawsuit That Raises Big Questions ... About Dale Chihuly, a February 2006 article from The Stranger His face was severely cut by glass and he was blinded in his left eye.

Both hands-two dancers face each other and give hands right to left and left to right.

Circular hey-dancers face partners or along the line and pass right and left alternating a stated number of changes.

Hands across-right or left hands are given to corners, and dancers move in the direction they face.

To make a strike at the ball with a left to right swing the player must present the flat of the ' face ' of the stick to the ball by ' reversing ' the stick head, i. e. by turning the handle through approximately 180 °( while a reverse edge hit would turn the stick head through approximately 90 ° from the position of an upright forehand stoke with the ' face ' of the stick head.

Washington contracted smallpox during the trip, which left his face slightly scarred, but immunized him against future exposures to the dreaded disease.

After Irving Stowe died in 1975, Phyllis Cormack left from Vancouver to face Soviet whalers on the coast of California.

Turn the left ( non-working ) hook to face away at all times ; turn the right ( working ) hook toward you up whilst knitting ( plain stitch ) and away whilst purling.

The men seem young, as the player on the left has no facial hair and his face is unlined.

After Rosenbaum left the show, Lex made few appearances ( with his face obscured ) or had his presence felt by way of clones, or constant mentions of his intertwined destiny with Clark.

* the left side of the face, used for measuring manifold vacuum, is calibrated in centimetres of mercury on its inner scale and inches of mercury on its outer scale.

The Smiley | smiley face in the top left corner is a bitmap image.

" And so God scattered them upon the face of the Earth, and confused their languages, and they left off building the city, which was called Babel " because God there confounded the language of all the Earth ".

The viola, just like the violin, is placed on top of the left-hand shoulder between the the shoulder and the left side of the face ( chin ).

The watch crown ( icontrol ) can be used to move the defender left to right and the fire control is the Start / Split button on the lower side of the face of the watch at 6 o ' clock