For example, the positrons produced in natural radioactive decay quickly annihilate themselves with electrons, producing pairs of gamma rays, a process exploited in positron emission tomography.

The Auger emission process was discovered in 1922 by Lise Meitner, an Austrian-Swedish physicist, as a side effect in her competitive search for the nuclear beta electrons with the British physicist Charles Drummond Ellis.

A similar process happened at about 1 second for electrons and positrons.

Lewis theory explains that an acid is a substance which is capable of accepting a pair of electrons from another substance during the process of bond formation, while a base is a substance which can provide a pair of electrons to form a new bond.

However, once the applied electric field approaches the breakdown value, free electrons become sufficiently accelerated by the electric field to create additional free electrons by colliding, and ionizing, neutral gas atoms or molecules in a process called avalanche breakdown.

The breakdown process forms a plasma that contains enough mobile electrons and positive ions to make it an electrical conductor.

The reverse process in which electrons are released in redox reactions and can be used as electrical energy is possible and is used in the batteries.

With sufficient compression, electrons are forced into nuclei in the process of electron capture, relieving the pressure.

) During the collapse, neutrons are formed by the capture of electrons by protons in the process of electron capture, leading to the emission of neutrinos .< sup >, pp. 1046 – 1047 .</ sup > The decrease in gravitational potential energy of the collapsing core releases a large amount of energy which is on the order of 10 < sup > 46 </ sup > joules ( 100 foes ).

The electrons in these tubes moved in a slow diffusion process, never gaining much speed, so these tubes didn't produce cathode rays.

A cathode made of a wire filament heated red hot by a separate current passing through it would release electrons into the tube by a process called thermionic emission.

Random thermal collisions of gas atoms may result in a few free electrons and positively-charged gas ions, in a process called impact ionizaton.

Acceleration of these free electrons in a strong electric field causes them to gain energy, and when they impact other atoms, the energy causes release of new free electrons and ions ( ionization ), which fuels the same process.

At the higher end of the ultraviolet range, the energy of photons becomes large enough to impart enough energy to electrons to cause them to be liberated from the atom, in a process called photoionisation.

Ionizing electromagnetic radiation creates high-speed electrons in a material and breaks chemical bonds, but after these electrons collide many times with other atoms in the material eventually most of the energy is downgraded to thermal energy ; this whole process happens in a tiny fraction of a second.

Further gate-to-source voltage increase will attract even more electrons towards the gate which are able to create a conductive channel from source to drain ; this process is called inversion.

* Fermentation ( biochemistry ), a metabolic process whereby electrons released from nutrients are ultimately transferred to molecules obtained from the breakdown of those same nutrients

X-rays are generated by colliding accelerated electrons with a dense material ( target ) such as tantalum or tungsten in a process known as bremsstrahlung-conversion.

The citric acid cycle oxidizes the acetyl-CoA to carbon dioxide, and, in the process, produces reduced cofactors ( three molecules of NADH and one molecule of FADH < sub > 2 </ sub >) that are a source of electrons for the electron transport chain, and a molecule of GTP ( that is readily converted to an ATP ).

This process is efficient, but a small percentage of electrons may prematurely reduce oxygen, forming reactive oxygen species such as superoxide.

For example, in internal conversion decay, the energy from an excited nucleus may be used to eject one of the inner orbital electrons from the atom, in a process which produces high speed electrons, but is not beta decay, and ( unlike beta decay ) does not transmute one element to another.

Homi J. Bhabha derived an expression for the probability of scattering positrons by electrons, a process now known as Bhabha scattering.

It takes a spectrum of electrons ( or any charged particle ) generated by a separate process ( such as a power law distribution of electrons and positrons from a constant injection spectrum ) and converts this to the spectrum of photons generated by the input electrons / positrons.

Bhabha gained international prominence after deriving a correct expression for the probability of scattering positrons by electrons, a process now known as Bhabha scattering.

In its place is a passionate consciousness grasped and molded to feelings of positive or negative values even as the actions of one's life are determined by constellations of process in which one is caught.

Each year another grade is added to the process, until finally all 12 grades are integrated.

In still others which are barely on the threshold of the transition into modernity, the decade can bring significant progress in launching the slow process of developing their human resources and their basic services to the point where an expanded range of developmental activities is possible.

While there are now allegations of the withholding of `` favorable evidence developed at the hearing '' and a denial of a `` full and fair hearing '', no such claim was made by petitioner at any stage of the administrative process.

Although there is no question but that the process of washing fabrics involves a number of phenomena which are related together in an extremely complicated way and that these phenomena and their interrelations are not well understood at the present, this section attempts to present briefly an up-to-date picture of the physical chemistry of washing either fabrics or hard surfaces.

The washing process whereby soils are removed consists basically of applying mechanical action to loosen the dirt particles and dried matter in the presence of water which helps to float off the debris and acts, to some extent, as a dissolving and solvating agent.

At a third stage in the modernization process are such countries as India, Brazil, the Philippines, and Taiwan, which are ready and committed to move into the stage of self-sustaining growth.

In discussing the process of communication, Loomis defines it as `` the process by which information, decisions, and directives are transmitted among actors and the ways in which knowledge, opinions, and attitudes are formed, or modified by interaction ''.

In the process, he develops some very significant observations about problems of a sort that are often difficult.

In the new process impurities present in the solvent ( benzene ), the monomer, and in the reaction system which would cause deactivation of propagation centers, are rendered inactive prior to polymerization by gradual addition of initiator, a mixture of butyl-lithium and telomeric styryl-lithium, at a temperature low enough to suppress chain growth.

The typical appearance of these various mechanisms is illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, which are single frame enlargements of high speed movies taken during the course of the knife removal process.

The details of the removal process are shown schematically in Fig. 6.

The leveling process can be accomplished manually, and the results are as satisfactory as those obtained with automatic equipment.

The process consists in turning the platform manually until the outputs of both accelerometers are zero.

It was the conclusion of the first phase of a process of tragic recollection, and of refining the recollection, that will last as long as there are Jews.

These childhood experiences are sources of the self-certainty that the adolescent needs, for experimenting with many roles, and for the freedom to fail sometimes in the process of exploring and discovering her skills and abilities.

Alchemists developed a framework of theory, terminology, experimental process and basic laboratory techniques that are still recognizable today.

" Thus Boolos and Jeffrey are saying that an algorithm implies instructions for a process that " creates " output integers from an arbitrary " input " integer or integers that, in theory, can be chosen from 0 to infinity.

Algorithms are essential to the way computers process data.

In a process called ' anomalous secondary growth ', they are able to create new vascular bundles around which thickening growth occurs.