Whereas for certain other language families, such as the speakers of Indo-European, Uralic, and Austronesian, we are able to frame substantial hypotheses, in the case of the proposed Altaic family everything remains to be done.

" In the second case, it means " an hypothesis or set of hypotheses that have been verified by observation and experiment.

There are some hypotheses of specific adaptions for violence in humans under certain circumstances, including for homicide, but it is often unclear what behaviors may have been selected for and what may have been a byproduct, as in the case of collective violence.

While a few reputable mainstream scientists once investigated some of these theories as reasonable hypotheses, this is no longer the case, as continuing research has invalidated the alternative ideas.

This does not mean that the scientific skeptic is necessarily a scientist who conducts live experiments ( though this may be the case ), but that the skeptic generally accepts claims that are in his / her view likely to be true based on testable hypotheses and critical thinking.

Summers then concluded his discussion of the three hypotheses by saying: So my best guess, to provoke you, of what's behind all of this is that the largest phenomenon, by far, is the general clash between people's legitimate family desires and employers ' current desire for high power and high intensity, that in the special case of science and engineering, there are issues of intrinsic aptitude, and particularly of the variability of aptitude, and that those considerations are reinforced by what are in fact lesser factors involving socialization and continuing discrimination.

# The case study is most useful for generating hypotheses, whereas other methods are more suitable for hypotheses testing and theory building.

The popularity of case studies in testing hypotheses has developed only in recent decades.

While there is utility in weighting hypotheses and branching potential outcomes from them, reliance on scenario analysis without reporting some parameters of measurement accuracy ( standard errors, confidence intervals of estimates, metadata, standardization and coding, weighting for non-response, error in reportage, sample design, case counts, etc.

As to why this convergence has evolved, only tentative hypotheses have been advanced ; in any case due to the considerable size difference, ecological competition between the two species is rather slight.

While other methods of research — case study, interview, and naturalistic observation — are used by psychologists, the method of randomized experimentation remains the preferred method for testing hypotheses in scientific psychology.

The paper gave a historical summary of the UFO phenomenon, talked briefly about issues concerning extraterrestrial life and interstellar travel, presented a few case studies and discussed the phenomenological content of a UFO sighting, reviewed hypotheses, and concluded with a recommendation to organize a central UFO report-receiving agency and conducting more research on the phenomenon.

In the case of communication, an important discussion by John Krebs and Richard Dawkins established hypotheses for the evolution of such apparently altruistic or mutualistic communications as alarm calls and courtship signals to emerge under individual selection.

Some have mentioned a family of sailors named " Auber " and other hypotheses include French explorer Jean-François Roberval, who would have stayed on the island in 1542, to name it " Havre au Ber ," " ber " meaning in this case " berceau " ( cradle in English, while " havre " is French for harbour ).

In the case of Greek endings, the plurals sometimes follow the Greek rules: phenomenon, phenomena ; tetrahedron, tetrahedra ; crisis, crises ; hypothesis, hypotheses ; stigma, stigmata ; topos, topoi ; cyclops, cyclopes ; but often do not: colon, colons not * cola ( except for the very rare technical term of rhetoric ); pentathlon, pentathlons not * pentathla ; demon, demons not * demones ; climaxes, not * climaces.

This case is potentially physically interesting in the case that the shape of the universe is a multiply connected 3-manifold, since finding the angles of the eigenrotations of a candidate isometry for topological lensing is a way to falsify such hypotheses.

The argument, as presented in the summaries, fail two basic tests of scientific credibility: a control group ( in this case, other minority ethnic groups ), and a comparison with alternative hypotheses ( such as Thomas Sowell's convincing analysis of " middlemen minorities " such as the Jews, presented in his magisterial study of migration, race, conquest, and culture ).

In this book, Hjelmslev analysed the general category of case in detail, providing ample empirical material supporting his hypotheses.

This certainly would be praiseworthy in the case of clearly proved facts ; but caution must be used when there is rather question of hypotheses, having some sort of scientific foundation, in which the doctrine contained in Sacred Scripture or in Tradition is involved.

The claim, then, first is that children don't see sentences as complicated as this one enough to witness a case where the two hypotheses yield different results, and second that just based on the positive evidence of the simple sentences, children could not possibly decide between ( 1 ) and ( 2 ).

I granted this might be so, but found the result to be even more attention to form than was the case previously.

In the case of social decay, form is displaced simply by the process of dissolution with no form at the terminus of the process.

In the notation of the proof of Theorem 12, let us take a look at the special case in which the minimal polynomial for T is a product of first-degree polynomials, i.e., the case in which each Af is of the form Af.

In any case `` here in their judgment conditions require '' ( italics added ) they would `` form interim governmental authorities broadly representative of all democratic elements in the population and pledged to the earliest possible establishment through free elections of governments responsive to the will of the people ''.

In the rare case where a corporation's only substantial asset, or its most important one, is a claim for refund, perhaps its transfer should not be permitted, whether the reorganization takes the form of a statutory merger or of the acquisition of assets for stock.

These time scales are denoted in the form UTC ( NPL ) in the UTC form, where NPL in this case identifies the National Physical Laboratory, UK.

But humans can do something equally useful, in the case of certain enumerably infinite sets: They can give explicit instructions for determining the nth member of the set, for arbitrary finite n. Such instructions are to be given quite explicitly, in a form in which they could be followed by a computing machine, or by a human who is capable of carrying out only very elementary operations on symbols.

" " Dione " seems to be a feminine form of " Dios ", the genitive form case of Zeus, and could be taken to mean simply " the goddess " in a generic sense.

In that case, the pressures and the velocity are assumed to be time harmonic functions of the form

* 1939 – The United Kingdom and Poland form a military alliance in which the UK promises to defend Poland in case of invasion by a foreign power.

Tumor antigens can also be on the surface of the tumor in the form of, for example, a mutated receptor, in which case they will be recognized by B cells.

In any case, the value of art may determine the suitability of an art form.

Sources disagree, as may differing states ' laws, as to what category of plea the Alford plea falls under: Some sources state that the Alford guilty plea is a form of nolo contendere, where the defendant in the case states " no contest " to the factual matter of the case as given in the charges outlined by the prosecution.

Idealists are skeptics about the physical world, maintaining either: 1 ) that nothing exists outside the mind, or 2 ) that we would have no access to a mind-independent reality even if it may exist ; the latter case often takes the form of a denial of the idea that we can have unconceptualised experiences ( see Myth of the Given ).

In English, which has mostly lost the case system, the definite article and noun – " the car " – remain in the same form regardless of the grammatical role played by the words.

This is the form in the nominative case, used for the subject of a sentence.

Thus, an analog signal is one represented by a continuous stream of data, in this case along an electrical circuit in the form of voltage, current or charge changes ( compare with digital signals below ).

The form used in the Roman Rite included anointing of seven parts of the body while saying ( in Latin ): " Through this holy unction and His own most tender mercy may the Lord pardon thee whatever sins or faults thou hast committed deliquisti by sight hearing, smell, taste, touch, walking, carnal delectation ", the last phrase corresponding to the part of the body that was touched ; however, in the words of the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia, " the unction of the loins is generally, if not universally, omitted in English-speaking countries, and it is of course everywhere forbidden in case of women ".

The primary benefits over rifled barrels is reduced barrel wear, longer ranges that can be achieved ( due to the reduced loss of energy to friction and gas escaping around the projectile via the rifling ) and larger explosive cores for a given caliber artillery due to less metal needing to be used to form the case of the projectile because of less force applied to the shell from the non-rifled sides of the barrel of smooth bore guns.

The abbreviators found it to their own convenience and interest to use the abbreviated form, and especially was this the case at Rome.

A case is sometimes also made to regard Lutheranism in a similar way, considering the catholic character of its foundational documents ( the Augsburg Confession and other documents contained in the Book of Concord ) and its existence prior to the Anglican, Anabaptist, and Reformed churches, from which nearly all other Protestant denominations derive.

To extend this to the case of an abelian variety A, André Weil had to make more explicit the way of quantifying the size of a solution, by means of a height function – a concept that became foundational.

Indirectly resulting from his founding of the bank, Schacht was the plaintiff in a foundational case in German law on the " general right of personality ".

More specifically, Dependent Rational Animals tries to make a holistic case on the basis of our best current knowledge ( as opposed to an ahistorical, foundational claim ) that " human vulnerability and disability " are the " central features of human life " and that Thomistic " virtues of dependency " are needed for individual human beings to flourish in their passage from stages of infancy to adulthood and old age.

Viewed with a modern eye, many have argued that Carlill should be seen as redolent of another era, not a foundational case in the law of contract.

The foundational case off for native title in Australia is Mabo v Queensland ( No 2 ) ( 1992 ).

A simple special case of this construction ( considered in Poincaré's foundational paper ) is that of a torus bundle.