This process is efficient, but a small percentage of electrons may prematurely reduce oxygen, forming reactive oxygen species such as superoxide.

The initial step in this process involves the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen to produce superoxide anion, a free radical.

The generally accepted method of purification of process streams for monoclonal antibodies includes capture of the product target with Protein A, elution, acidification to inactivate potential Mammalian viruses, followed by cation exchange chromatography, and finally anion exchange chromatography.

The catalytic cracking process involves the presence of acid catalysts ( usually solid acids such as silica-alumina and zeolites ) which promote a heterolytic ( asymmetric ) breakage of bonds yielding pairs of ions of opposite charges, usually a carbocation and the very unstable hydride anion.

A concept of responsibility is in process of articulation and establishment.

An approach that has appealed to some choreographers is reminiscent of Charles Olson's statement of the process of projective verse: `` one perception must immediately and directly lead to a further perception ''.

According to Katherine Litz, `` the becoming, the process of realization, is the dance ''.

The process stipulates that the choreographer sense the quality of the initial movement he has discovered and that he feel the rightness of the quality that is to follow it.

She, too, is concerned with `` the becoming, the process of realization '', but she does not think in terms of subtle variations of spatial or temporal patterns.

In its place is a passionate consciousness grasped and molded to feelings of positive or negative values even as the actions of one's life are determined by constellations of process in which one is caught.

But it is a clumsy and wasteful process: it can produce negative results but not much that is positive.

In the case of social decay, form is displaced simply by the process of dissolution with no form at the terminus of the process.

Within institutions there is a marked decline of the process of persuasion and the substitution of a force-fear process which masquerades as the earlier one of persuasion.

The continuing modernization of these forces is a costly but necessary process.

Social process is always anchored in past predisposition ; ;

Britain in the nineteenth century is a textbook designed `` to give the sense of continuous growth, to show how economic led to social, and social to political change, how the political events reacted on the economic and social, and how new thoughts and new ideals accompanied or directed the whole complicated process ''.

Each year another grade is added to the process, until finally all 12 grades are integrated.

But it is in the process of so doing because it apparently gives priority to trying to downgrade John F. Kennedy.

In still others which are barely on the threshold of the transition into modernity, the decade can bring significant progress in launching the slow process of developing their human resources and their basic services to the point where an expanded range of developmental activities is possible.

Aid is a long-term process

It is an answer in its way, individual and highly dramatic, to the charge that the democratic process is necessarily vicious in its campaign characteristics.

But this we know: Here is a great life that in every area of American politics gives the American people occasion for pride and that has invested the democratic process with the most decent qualities of honor, decency, and self-respect.

It is but part of the whole process within the Department that goes into the making of the final recommendation to the appeal board.

It was recognized years ago that the transition from daytime to nighttime propagation conditions, and vice versa, is not an instantaneous process, but takes place over periods of time from roughly 2 hours before sunset until about 2 hours after sunset, and again from roughly 2 hours before sunrise until some 2 hours after sunrise.

Called the bloomery process, it produced very soft but ductile wrought iron and, by 800 BC, the technology had spread to Europe.

This corresponds to a speed of around 0. 05 c. There is surprisingly small variation around this energy, due to the heavy dependence of the half-life of this process on the energy produced ( see equations in the Geiger – Nuttall law ).

For example, the positrons produced in natural radioactive decay quickly annihilate themselves with electrons, producing pairs of gamma rays, a process exploited in positron emission tomography.

) Then X < sub > i </ sub > is the value ( or realization ) produced by a given run of the process at time i. Suppose that the process is further known to have defined values for mean μ < sub > i </ sub > and variance σ < sub > i </ sub >< sup > 2 </ sup > for all times i. Then the definition of the autocorrelation between times s and t is

By the Roman period brass was being deliberately produced from metallic copper and zinc minerals using the cementation process and variations on this method continued until the mid 19th century.

Brass was produced by the cementation process where copper and zinc ore are heated together until zinc vapor is produced which reacts with the copper.

* environmental: Toxic chemicals are sometimes produced in the process.

Later other cultures produced the process of lactic acid fermentation which allowed the fermentation and preservation of other forms of food.

* Burroughs produced the B1700 or " small systems " computers that were designed to be microprogrammed, with each process potentially getting its own virtual machine designed to be the best match to the programming language chosen for the program being run.

As with digital photocopiers and multifunction printers ( MFPs ), laser printers employ a xerographic printing process but differ from analog photocopiers in that the image is produced by the direct scanning of a laser beam across the printer's photoreceptor.

The second process includes the direct binding of chromium ( V ), produced by reduction in the cell, and chromium ( IV ) compounds to the DNA.

Estimates are that 90 % of all commercially produced chemical products involve catalysts at some stage in the process of their manufacture.

Diamonds can also be produced synthetically in a high-pressure high-temperature process which approximately simulates the conditions in the Earth mantle.

The cloning process that produced Dolly

The reprogramming process cells need to go through during cloning is not perfect and embryos produced by nuclear transfer often show abnormal development.

Inputs used in the production process include such primary factors of production as labour services, capital ( durable produced goods used in production, such as an existing factory ), and land ( including natural resources ).

In other words, this theory states that a true belief counts as knowledge only if it is produced by a reliable belief-forming process.

However, in plant tissues that carry on photosynthesis, carotenoids act to quench electronically excited chlorophyll produced by visible light in a process called non-photochemical quenching, in order to prevent reactions which would otherwise infere with photosynthesis at high light levels.

He also observed that the amount of metal deposited and the amount of oxygen produced during an electrolytic process depended on the distance between the electrodes.

Munch followed this advice and in the process produced several full-length portraits of high quality of friends and patrons — honest portrayals devoid of flattery.

Critics in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Karl von Baer and Wilhelm His, did not believe that living embryos reproduce the evolutionary process and produced embryo drawings of their own which emphasized the differences in early embryological development.

Lord and Lady Mountbatten with Muhammad Ali JinnahNotwithstanding the self-promotion of his own part in Indian independence — notably in the television series The Life and Times of Admiral of the Fleet Lord Mountbatten of Burma, produced by his son-in-law Lord Brabourne and Dominique Lapierre, and Larry Collins's Freedom at Midnight ( of which he was the main quoted source ) — his record is seen as very mixed ; one common view is that he hastened the independence process unduly and recklessly, foreseeing vast disruption and loss of life and not wanting this to occur on the British watch, but thereby actually causing it to occur, especially in Punjab and Bengal.