Barthes challenges the idea that a text can be attributed to any single author.

With this, the perspective of the author is removed from the text, and the limits formerly imposed by the idea of one authorial voice, one ultimate and universal meaning, are destroyed.

The psyche, culture, fanaticism of an author can be disregarded when interpreting a text, because the words are rich enough themselves with all of the traditions of language.

For a reader to assign the title of author upon any written work is to attribute certain standards upon the text which, for Foucault, are working in conjunction with the idea of " the author function ".

Expanding upon Foucault's position, Alexander Nehamas writes that Foucault suggests " an author [...] is whoever can be understood to have produced a particular text as we interpret it ", not necessarily who penned the text.

Instead, readers should allow a text to be interpreted in terms of the language as " author.

Some scholars have struggled to determine if either of these two versions is closer to the original text composed by the original author.

His last opera was a German language singspiel Die Neger, ( The Negroes ), a melodrama set in colonial Virginia with a text by Georg Friedrich Treitschke ( the author of the libretto for Beethoven's Fidelio ) performed in 1804 and was a complete failure.

In The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture, popular author and text critic Bart D. Ehrman argues that the Adoptionist Theology may date back almost to the time of Jesus and his view is shared by many other scholars.

It is important in one's reading of the text of Jeremiah that one remember that the recorder of these events ( i. e. the author of the text ) had neither the same audience nor, potentially, the same intent that Jeremiah had in performing these prophetic gestures.

The author of the work identifies himself in the text as " John " and says that he was on Patmos, an island in the Aegean, when he " heard a great voice " instructing him to write the book.

Charles Erdman ( 1866 – 1960 ) advocated apostolic authorship and wrote that only the Apostle John fits the image of the author derived from the text.

There are indications Joachim Meyer, author of the influential 16th century martial arts text Kunst des Fechten (" The Art of Fencing ") came from Basel.

There is no mention of Euclid in the earliest remaining copies of the Elements, and most of the copies say they are " from the edition of Theon " or the " lectures of Theon ", while the text considered to be primary, held by the Vatican, mentions no author.

The form, as opposed to the earlier letters of Paul, suggests that the author knew Paul's Epistle to the Ephesians or even that the Pauline epistles had already been collected and were circulating when the text was written.

Although the text identifies Peter as its author the language, dating, style, and structure of this letter has led many scholars to conclude that this letter is pseudonymous.

* Either / Or, an influential philosophical text by Søren Kierkegaard, purports to be a collection of texts discovered and edited by Kierkegaard's pseudonymous author Victor Eremita.

* a layer derived from earlier source materials, almost certainly transmitted to the vernacular author / translator in Latin ; and comprising, at the least, those extensive passages in the Gospel of Barnabas that closely parallel pericopes in the canonical gospels ; but whose underlying text appears markedly distinct from that of the late medieval Latin Vulgate ( as for instance in the alternative version of the Lord's Prayer in chapter 37, which includes a concluding doxology, contrary to the Vulgate text, but in accordance with the Diatessaron and many other early variant traditions );

Another text in which the heroine of the Gothic Novel encounters the Supernatural Explained is The Castle of Wolfenbach ( 1793 ) by Gothic author Eliza Parsons.

" Thus the purported author is James, brother of Jesus, whom the text claims to be a son of Joseph from a prior marriage.

# Reliability of the sources used, in terms of authorship, credibility of the author, and the authenticity or corruption of the text.

The daughters are mentioned a third time, in the Book of Joshua, where they are simply portrayed as being given land in the territory of Manasseh, to which their inheritance entitled them ; the text is unclear in regards to which part of Manasseh's territory they were granted land, except that it wasn't in Gilead.

Morpheus ' speech is usually portrayed as white text in black, wavy-edged speech bubbles bordered in white.

This first version was censored for being considered " subversive " because it portrayed Sebastian being deposed, its comments in favor of an Anglo-Spanish alliance and possible pro-Catholicism, which led to the final version changing to the story of Antiochus ( which led to historical inaccuracy in exaggerating his defeat at that phase in history to fit the earlier text ), turning Spaniards into Romans and the Catholic eremite into a Stoic philosopher.

In the extracanonical text the Apocalypse of Abraham ( c. 1stC AD ), Azazel is portrayed as an unclean bird who came down upon the sacrifice which Abraham prepared.

Dunsany's influence is evident on the surface of the text as well: wanderers, similar to the ones portrayed in The Cats of Ulthar, appear in Dunsany's earlier tale Idle Days on the Yann.

In a suffragette cartoon of 1912, John Bull is portrayed looking out of the window of a house over whose door the sign says " Franchise Villa ", while his wife knocks on the door, with the accompanying text:

The text is illustrated by comparative images of figures from history and the actors who portrayed them in film.

Though highly detailed and informative in themselves, the bas-reliefs are not accompanied by any sort of epigraphic text, and for that reason considerable uncertainty remains as to which historical events are portrayed and how, if at all, the different reliefs are related.

In the text, Er is portrayed as the brother of Onan and Shelah ; the Book of Chronicles lists an Er as being one of Shelah's sons.

Because the novel is mediated by a white woman and Imoinda is portrayed as having European features, the text “ uses slavery, rape, and dismemberment to foreground an economic competition for the black female body and to outline an implicit competition between black, white, and indigenous females ”.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the character as portrayed in the film discussed.

* This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the film portrayed.

These retouched borrowings are highly significant in this text, because the Arabic Alexander figure is portrayed as a propagator of Islamic monotheism.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the item portrayed.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the scene portrayed.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the scene portrayed.

But it is possible to regard Jesus himself as a magician in at least one popular event in the apocryphal infancy gospels, in which he is portrayed as using sufflation in order simultaneously to heal his brother of a snakebite and kill the snake ;< ref >< cite > Gospel of Thomas ,</ cite > Greek text, Rescension A, cap.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the scene portrayed.

James, Matthias is portrayed as a captive in a country of anthropophagi ( literally man-eaters, i. e. cannibals ) and is rescued by Andrew and Jesus ; it is no longer considered to be a portion of the text of Acta Andreae.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the character portrayed.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the scene portrayed.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the character portrayed.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the character portrayed.

# This image illustrates the text next to which it appears, which describes the fictional creature portrayed.