According to Steven H Silver, alternate history requires three things: 1 ) the story must have a point of divergence from the history of our world prior to the time at which the author is writing, 2 ) a change that would alter history as it is known, and 3 ) an examination of the ramifications of that change.

* Counter-Factual. net-site dedicated to alternate history as well as other topics, such as science fiction and creative writing.

( The Library of Alexandria in fact had an indirect cause in the creation of writing parchment — due to the library's critical need for papyrus, little was exported and thus an alternate source of copy material became essential.

Periods of writing and recording his music would alternate with tours demanding attention to his playing.

The site combined copious amounts of Python-esque writing ( by Michael Bywater ) with methods commonly associated with alternate reality games to generate interest in the site, and in the game, long after the initial site visit.

The books and movies that came out in quick succession anticipate current production methods of Hollywood, in two respects: First, the authors distributed the writing among themselves ; their " working method was to draw up the general plot between them and then go off and write alternate chapters independently of each other, meeting up to tie the two halves of the story together in the final chapter.

SPU offers an four-year alternate series of general education classes for honors students called University Scholars that revolves around a Great Books reading list and the writing of a lengthy senior dissertation.

He remained active in numerous other organizations as well, acting as Norway's delegate or alternate delegate to the League of Nations from its founding until 1938, writing reports and acting as a correspondent for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and participating in the Dutch sponsored Central Organisation for Durable Peace, amongst other activities.

Early English language anime publications frequently used the alternate spelling " Jion " when writing articles about Gundam.

He stopped writing after watching the September 11, 2001 attacks on television and " realized novel had become a story that took place in an alternate time track, in which Sept. 11 hadn't happened ".

In writing his novel, Martorell perhaps rewrote history to fit what he wanted it to be-which in a way makes it a precursor of the present-day genre of alternate history.

Two video heads were required, each writing alternate fields.

Critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic speculated that the alternate persona and elaborate marketing scheme backfired, writing, " When Brooks ' new persona and his album were revealed to the public, they were unforgiving-they didn't think he was playing a role, they simply thought he'd lost his mind.

There are, however, different writing theories that represent some letters or sounds differently ( e. g., the "* F " for " final V " in the chart below ), and each court reporter develops personalized " briefs " and alternate ways of writing things.

The general tone of the writing is less of an outright fantasy and more of an alternate history.

Much of the violin writing is purely virtuosic, but even the most showy passages alternate with the melodic.

As of 2008, Dragon * Con is a 4-day event comprising approximately 3500 hours of panels, seminars, demonstrations, and workshops, with over 30 specialized programming tracks that include writing, alternate history, art, anime, gaming, Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature, comic books, costuming, space science, online media, independent film, podcasting, Asian cinema and culture, robotics, filk, scientific skepticism, Star Trek, Star Wars, Stargate, X-Files, Joss Whedon creations, apocalyptic themes, Anne McCaffrey's Pern, Robert Jordan's Wheel of Time, J. R. R.

With the introduction of subtractive notation, XIV ( 14 ) no longer represents the same number as XVI but rather is an alternate way of writing XIIII.

Ellis also fleshed out the hard science fiction element behind the FF, namely writing that they gained their powers because the teleportation changed their " phase space condition " into something from an alternate universe ; in laymen's terms, there are multiple conceivable states of an object, a ' phase space ' of all the possible ways they could be.

It can be used for fictional histories of the real world that do not qualify as alternate history ( fictitious histories which diverge from real history before the time of writing ) or future history ( fictitious histories of the future which do not deviate from real history as of the time of writing ).

Holmes takes an instant interest in this, seeing something that Forrester has missed: it is quite clear to Holmes that the fragment of a note was written by two men, each writing alternate words.

" Black Day " is an acoustic, alternate version of " Black Celebration " sung by Martin Gore, and is co-written by him, Alan Wilder, and producer Daniel Miller-the only Depeche Mode song where Miller receives a writing credit.

However, as a practicing historian, he, himself, has left few clues to the amount of professional scholarship that he used when writing history.

He deplored the impact of German historiography on the writing of history, terming it a `` dismal monster ''.

So filled was Mel Chandler with the spirit of Garryowen that after Korea was over, he took on the job of writing the complete history of the regiment.

It was in use during the entire history of Hungary, albeit not as an official writing system.

In his writing he makes mention of a moment when Alexander's secondary naval commander, Onesicritus, was reading the Amazon passage of his Alexander history to King Lysimachus of Thrace who was on the original expedition: the king smiled at him and said " And where was I, then?

At Rome, he wrote in Latin a history of the Roman empire from the accession of Nerva ( 96 ) to the death of Valens at the Battle of Adrianople ( 378 ), in effect writing a continuation of the history of Tacitus.

Some scholars believe that the apologetic view of Luke ’ s work is overemphasized and that it should not be regarded as a “ major aim of the Lucan writings .” While Munck believes that purpose of Luke ’ s work is not that clear-cut and sympathizes with other claims, he believes that Luke ’ s work can function as an apology only in the sense that it “ presents a defense of Christianity and Paul ” and may serve to “ clarify the position of Christianity within Jewry and within the Roman Empire .” Pervo disagrees that Luke ’ s work is an apology and even that it could possibly be addressed to Rome because he believes that “ Luke and Acts speak to insiders, believers in Jesus .” Freedman believes that Luke is writing an apology but that his goal is “ not to defend the Christian movement as such but to defend God ’ s ways in history .”

It was the first motion picture to be shown at the White House. President Woodrow Wilson supposedly said the film was " like writing history with lightning.

In February 1705, Queen Anne, who had made Marlborough a Duke in 1702, granted him the Park of Woodstock and promised a sum of £ 240, 000 to build a suitable house as a gift from a grateful crown in recognition of his victory – a victory which British historian Sir Edward Shepherd Creasy considered one of the pivotal battles in history, writing – " Had it not been for Blenheim, all Europe might at this day suffer under the effect of French conquests resembling those of Alexander in extent and those of the Romans in durability.

It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for photography before it was converted to tabloid format in 1981.

" Historian and novelist C. S. Forester, writing in 1929, compared the Nile to the great naval actions in history and concluded that " it still only stands rivalled by Tsu-Shima as an example of the annihilation of one fleet by another of approximately equal material force ".

Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement of the scroll, the dominant form of book in the ancient world, has been termed the most important advance in the history of the book prior to the invention of printing.

The Chinese tradition since the Jin Dynasty ( 3rd century AD ) that emperors of one dynasty would sponsor the writing of the official history of the immediately preceding dynasty has been cited in favor of an ethnically inclusive interpretation of history.

Western scholars have reacted against the ethnic inclusiveness narrative in PRC-sponsored history by writing revisionist histories of China, that feature, according to James A. Millward, " a degree of ' partisanship ' for the indigenous underdogs of frontier history ".

These include psychometry ( establishing the history of an object ), slate writing ( common in Victorian times ), extras appearing in photographs ( seemingly no more ; possibly since the advent of compound camera lenses using plastic as well as quartz-glass ) and a long list of other curiosities.

The writing and publication history of the Nephew is likewise a bit mysterious.

Instructors in primary and secondary institutions are often called teachers, and they direct the education of students and might draw on many subjects like reading, writing, mathematics, science and history.

I knew that a conversation with the author would not settle such questions, because a man is not the same as his writing: in the last analysis, the questions had to be settled by the work itself.

The idea of the author as the sole meaning-maker of necessity changes to include the influences of the editor and the publisher in order to engage the audience in writing as a social act.

Wendell Berry is an author of several books, essays, and poems whose writing often illustrates his values which center around sustainable agriculture, healthy rural communities, and a connection to place.

The author, writing shortly after the Spanish Civil War began, retained considerable fondness for the ex-sovereign.

While the precise identity of the author is debated, the consensus is that this work was composed by a ( Koine ) Greek speaking Gentile writing for an audience of Gentile Christians.

Evidence for this is found in the prologue to the Gospel of Luke, wherein the author alludes to his sources by writing, " Many have undertaken to draw up an account of the things that have been fulfilled among us, just as they were handed down to us by those who from the first were eyewitnesses and servants of the word.

This is one of the oldest claims to the author ’ s purpose ( Walton ) and it states that Luke is writing to Rome in order to demonstrate that Christianity is not a political threat to Roman authority.

This claim to purpose states that the author was writing to equip the saints to handle trials that they may face and to encourage them to emulate Jesus and his disciples when faced with similar situations.

Adherents of this theory argue that even when the two versions diverge, they both have similarities in vocabulary and writing style — suggesting that the two shared a common author.

The first written reference is found in a book by the Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes, who is most famous for writing Don Quixote.

The first, termed Proto-Isaiah ( chapters 1 – 39 ), contains the words of the 8th-century BCE prophet with 7th-century BCE expansions ; the second, Deutero-Isaiah ( chapters 40 – 55 ), is the work of a 6th-century BCE author writing near the end of the Babylonian captivity ; and the third, the poetic Trito-Isaiah ( chapters 56 – 66 ), was composed in Jerusalem shortly after the return from exile, probably by multiple authors.

Berlin quotes a series of scholars who suggest that the author of Esther did not mean for the book to be considered as a historical writing, but intentionally wrote it to be a historical novella.

The theological views that led to its author ( s ) writing the Book of Lamentations emanated from the cultural and religious attitudes of the people of Judah in the 6th and 7th centuries BC and was probably also influenced by non-biblical sources which originated from the cultural and religious attitudes of Judah's neighbors of differing religions.

In the 1672 book " New England Rarities Discovered " author John Josselyn described cranberries, writing:

A dead chronicle is one where the author gathers his list of events up to the time of his writing, but does not record further events as they occur.

When his colleague Richard Courant wrote the now classic Methods of Mathematical Physics including some of Hilbert's ideas, he added Hilbert's name as author even though Hilbert had not directly contributed to the writing.

This could mean that the author is writing from Italy or that the author is writing to recipients in Italy, and that Italians present with the author are greeting those back home.

As the historian Socrates Scholasticus said, at the opening of his history that was designed as a continuation of Eusebius, " Also in writing the life of Constantine, this same author has but slightly treated of matters regarding Arius, being more intent on the rhetorical finish of his composition and the praises of the emperor, than on an accurate statement of facts.