Indonesian nationalism and movements supporting independence from Dutch colonialism, such as Budi Utomo, the Indonesian National Party ( PNI ), Sarekat Islam, and the Indonesian Communist Party ( PKI ), grew rapidly in the first half of the twentieth century.

It gave impetus to communism in the country, to militant nationalism, to Sukarno's ' guided democracy ', to political Islam, the origins of the Indonesian army and its role in Indonesian power, the country's constitutional arrangements, and the centralism of power in Indonesia.

The 20th century marked a rise and cultural and political nationalism, culminating in the demand for Indonesian independence.

In 1960, he declared his government to be based on Nasakom, a union of the three ideological strands present in Indonesian society: nasionalisme ( nationalism ), agama ( religions ), and komunisme ( communism ).

On the other hand, in Indonesia, when the country proclaimed its independence in 1945, Indonesian nationalism increased among its people, and this sentiment projected through the rejection of Dutch colonial culture and customs, including the flamboyant rice table.

Due to his liberal inclinations and sympathies towards Indonesian nationalism, many conservative Dutch distrusted his policies and he was never given the full title of Governor-General.

He was banned from writing during his imprisonment on the island of Buru, but still managed to compose-orally-his best-known series of work to date, the Buru Quartet, a series of four historical fiction novels chronicling the development of Indonesian nationalism and based in part on his own experiences growing up.

The previously first sila about nationalism become the third sila about Indonesian unity.

# Kebangsaan Indonesia ( Indonesian Nationality ), an emphasis on nationalism

The organization was closely affiliated with Communist Party of Indonesia ( PKI ), but was an independent organization concerned with a variety of socialist and feminist issues, including marriage law reform, labor rights, and Indonesian nationalism.

Wallace did extensive fieldwork, first in the Amazon River basin and then in the Malay Archipelago, where he identified the Wallace Line that divides the Indonesian archipelago into two distinct parts, one in which animals closely related to those of Australia are common, and one in which the species are largely of Asian origin.

The first fossils of Homo erectus were discovered by Dutch physician Eugene Dubois in 1891 on the Indonesian island of Java.

* 2004 – The first Indonesian presidential election is held.

** The North Kalimantan National Army revolts in Brunei, in the first stirrings of the Indonesian Confrontation.

Indonesian has 22, 800, 000 first language speakers in Indonesia, with a total of 23, 187, 680 speakers worldwide, with most other speakers coming from the Netherlands, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore and the United States.

Aboriginal Australians are believed to have first arrived on the Australian mainland by boat from the Indonesian archipelago between 40, 000 to 60, 000 years ago.

* The first Indonesian music performance in the United States was at the exposition.

The ecology of the Maluku Islands has fascinated naturalists for centuries ; Alfred Wallace's book, The Malay Archipelago was the first significant study of the area's natural history, and remains an important resource for studying Indonesian biodiversity.

The spread, although at first introduced through Arab Muslim traders, continued to saturate through the Indonesian people as local rulers and royalty began to adopt the religion, subsequently their subjects would mirror their conversion.

After attacks rose again in the first half of 2004, the Indonesian and Singaporean navies stepped up their patrols of the area in July 2004.

Bendera Pusaka, the first Indonesian flag, is raised on 17 August 1945.

Most of its residents are bilingual, with Indonesian as their first or second languages.

Java was the first place where Indonesian coffee was grown, starting in 1699.

IR8, the first widely implemented HYV rice to be developed by IRRI, was created through a cross between an Indonesian variety named “ Peta ” and a Chinese variety named “ Dee-geo-woo-gen .”

He was the first recruit for the Indonesian special forces, as well as its first commander.

The first generation of Indonesian Forces was only around a hundred soldiers or one company, headquartered in Bandung.

The first newspaper to openly publish the musical notation and lyric of " Indonesia Raya " — an act of defiance towards the Dutch authorities — was the Chinese Indonesian weekly Sin Po.

In 1928, youths from across Indonesia held the first Indonesian Youth Congress, an official meeting to push for the independence of the nation.

Supratman first performed Indonesia on the violin on 28 October 1928 during the Second Indonesian Youth Congress.

The rupiah, the Indonesian currency, took a sharp dive in value.

Much of Indonesian history took place on Java.

Officials involved in the AID program during Wolfowitz's tenure told The Washington Post that he " took a keen personal interest in development, including health care, agriculture and private sector expansion " and that " Wolfowitz canceled food assistance to the Indonesian government out of concern that Suharto's family, which had an ownership interest in the country's only flour mill, was indirectly benefiting.

Leftist political elements, led by resurgent Indonesian Communist Party ( PKI ) under Musso took advantage of public disaffections by launching rebellion in Madiun, East Java, on 18 September 1948.

In December 1948, the Dutch launched " Operation Crow ", which decimated much of the Indonesian fighting forces, and resulted in the capture of Sukarno and Hatta. For his part, Suharto took severe casualties in a humiliating defeat for Republican forces as the Dutch invaded the area of Yogyakarta.

However, General Nasution said that Suharto took great care in preparing the " General Offensive " ( Indonesian Serangan Umum ).

For some years he privately took up issues of allegations of atrocities and starvation with the Indonesian military leaders, but came to realise that he was being ignored.

After the territory was handed over to the United Nations, on 1 October 1962, the city became known by the Indonesian name Kota Baru, and retained the name when Indonesia took control, on 1 May 1963.

Shell continued operating in the area until Indonesian state-owned Pertamina took it over in 1965.

* When ST Telmedia ( STT Communications ), a Temasek-linked company ( TLC ), took a significant stake in Indonesian Indosat, workers went on strike to protest working for Singapore.

Even after his return to the Netherlands Sneevliet stayed interested in Indonesian developments and in 1933 he was condemned to five months imprisonment for his solidarity actions for the Dutch and Indonesian sailors who took part in the mutiny on " De Zeven Provinciën ", which was put down by an air bombardment in which twenty-three sailors were killed and which at the time aroused considerable passions in the Dutch public opinion.

Of the 236 members, only 204 took their oaths of office on 20 August, and only 170 voted in the election of the speaker, which was narrowly won by Sartono of the Indonesian National Party ( PNI ).

Although several Southeast Asian leaders such as Malaysia's Prime Minister blamed the Western-dominated International Monetary Fund for the economic problems, many Indonesians took to the streets and blamed Chinese Indonesians who dominated the Indonesian economy for their economic woes.

For centuries, the Indonesian vernacular architecture has shaped settlements in Indonesia which commonly took form of timber structures built on stilts dominated by large roof.

In 1965, the group took sides with the General Suharto-led army and was heavily involved in the mass killings of Indonesian communists.

On the morning of 16 August 1945, the Indonesian youths kidnapped both Hatta and Sukarno and took them to the town of Rengasdengklok where they continued trying to force Hatta and Sukarno to declare independence, but without success.

The first attack took place in 1970 at the Indonesian Ambassador's house at Wassenaar, during which a Dutch policeman was shot and killed.

An Indonesian road-builder who had contributed to the Ertsberg road took a bulldozer and drove it downhill sketching the path.

However, after the Challenger disaster the deployment of commercial satellites like the Indonesian Palapa B-3 planned for the STS-61-H mission was canceled, thus the mission never took place.

Interaction between the Dutch and native population mainly took place in Sri Lanka and the modern Indonesian Islands.

The DPR, especially members of the United Development Party ( PPP ) and the Indonesian Democratic Party took the petition seriously and asked Suharto to respond on the issue.

The following year, Anggun became the youngest Indonesian singer to found her own record company, Bali Cipta Records, and took total creative control over her works.