Isolationism is the policy or doctrine of isolating one's country from the affairs of other nations by declining to enter into alliances, foreign economic commitments, foreign trade, international agreements, etc., seeking to devote the entire efforts of one's country to its own advancement and remain at peace by avoiding foreign entanglements and responsibilities.

But foreign policy scholars such as Eric Nordlinger in his book Isolationism Reconfigured have argued that " A vision of Finlandization in America's absence runs up squarely against the European states ' long-standing Communist antipathies and wariness of Moscow's peaceful wiles, valued national traditions and strong democratic institutions, as well as their size and wherewithal.

" Isolationism " has always been a debated political topic.

Isolationism, like non-interventionism advises avoiding interference into other nation's internal affairs, but also emphasizes protectionism and restriction of international trade and travel.

* Libertarian Isolationism would abandon foreign alliances, dismantle most of its military, and return to a 19th-century pattern of decentralized government and an economy based on small businesses and small farms.

" Early Isolationism Revisited: Neutrality and Beyond in the 1790s.

* Doenecke, Justus D. " American Isolationism, 1939-1941 " Journal of Libertarian Studies, Summer / Fall 1982, 6 ( 3 ), pp. 201 – 216.

* Doenecke, Justus D. " Literature of Isolationism, 1972-1983: A Bibliographic Guide " Journal of Libertarian Studies, Spring 1983, 7 ( 1 ), pp. 157 – 184.

* Smith, Glen H. Langer of North Dakota: A Study in Isolationism, 1940-1959.

* Doenecke, Justus D. " American Isolationism, 1939-1941 " Journal of Libertarian Studies, Summer / Fall 1982, 6 ( 3 ), pp. 201 – 216.

* Doenecke, Justus D. " Literature of Isolationism, 1972-1983: A Bibliographic Guide " Journal of Libertarian Studies, Spring 1983, 7 ( 1 ), pp. 157 – 184.

Enoch Powell's sentiment on Britain as part of the wider world would be more in line with Salisbury's " Splendid Isolationism " than Thatcher's advocacy of the Special Relationship.

A paper on " Isolationism is not dead " ( Jstor. org ) quotes an anonymous editorial from a paper in the Pacific Northwest on the topic of the Bretton Woods and the Food Conferences upon which the US became the "' fall guy ', the one to carry the load ".

By mid-1916, after viewing the carnage in Europe, the United States saw itself poised on the edge of participation in World War I. Isolationism remained strong in San Francisco, not only among radicals such as the Industrial Workers of the World (" the Wobblies "), but also among mainstream labor leaders.

The Australian touring party had been severely weakened by a dispute between the board and players that caused Clem Hill, Victor Trumper, Warwick Armstrong, Tibby Cotter, Sammy Carter and Vernon Ransford to be omitted.

WSC affected all Test playing nations but it weakened Australia especially as the bulk of its players had signed up with Packer ; the Australian Cricket Board ( ACB ) would not select WSC-contracted players and an almost completely new Test team had to be formed.

In 1982 – 83 Australia had Greg Chappell back from WSC as captain, while the England team was weakened by the enforced omission of their South African tour rebels, particularly Graham Gooch and John Emburey.

Australia, now captained by Allan Border, had themselves been weakened by a rebel South African tour, the loss of Terry Alderman being a particular factor.

By the end of the reign of Naram-Sin's son, Shar-kali-sharri ( 2217 – 2193 BC ), the empire had weakened.

While Portuguese and Spanish activity in the region had weakened, the English had built fortified trading posts on tiny Ai and Run islands, ten to twenty kilometres from the main Banda Islands.

The war had severely weakened the Nationalists, while the Communists were strengthened by their popular land-reform policies, and by a rural population that supported and trusted them.

As Gorbachev had weakened the system of internal political repression, the ability of the USSR's central Moscow government to impose its will on the USSR's constituent republics had been largely undermined.

The wall behind the stone was a temporary addition to support the arch above it, which had been weakened after the damage in the 1808 fire ; the wall blocks the view of the rotunda, sits on top of the graves of four 12th century kings, and is no longer structurally necessary.

The suspicion was that the algorithm had been covertly weakened by the intelligence agency so that they — but no-one else — could easily read encrypted messages.

By the end of the 1980s, the economy had made a healthy recovery, which weakened in the 1990s due to a decrease in banana prices.

Washington considered the military intervention successful since it brought about regional stability, weakened Soviet influence, and intimidated the Egyptian and Syrian governments, whose anti-West political position had hardened after the Suez Crisis.

In the previous year, the Inca Manco had briefly recaptured the royal city and weakened the Spanish hold in the Sacred Valley.

The American and French Revolutions of the late eighteenth century further weakened the theory's appeal, and by the early twentieth century, it had been virtually abandoned.

Emily's health, like her sisters ', had been weakened by unsanitary conditions at home, the source of water being contaminated by runoff from the church's graveyard.

Chinese calligraphic influence had been weakened after the Heian period ; this text was an example of the different way it was evolving in Japan.

The weakened sailors had trouble fending off the tall and robust natives until a few shots from the Trinidad's big guns frightened them off the ship and they retreated into the surrounding jungle.

By this time, his eyesight had weakened enough for him actually to need corrective lenses ; before then, his eye-glasses had merely been a stage prop.

As Gorbachev had weakened the system of internal political repression, the ability of the USSR's central Moscow government to impose its will on the USSR's constituent republics had been largely undermined.

Kallinikos ' development of Greek fire came at a critical moment in the Byzantine Empire's history: weakened by its long wars with Sassanid Persia, the Byzantines had been unable to effectively resist the onslaught of the Muslim conquests.

As I dug in behind one of the bales we were using as protection, I grudgingly found myself agreeing with Oso's logic, especially when I imagined what would have happened to Missy if Old Knife's large party of screeching warriors had overrun our company.

Old Commodore Forsythe, who had once lost a fifty-dollar bet on whether he could get both motors started and turn on the running lights without accidentally turning on something else first.

and if a poll had been taken immediately following the dispatch of troops to Little Rock I believe the majority would have been for the Old South.

The first news stories had it that this blaze was started by a bolt of lightning, as though Miriam could call down fire from heaven like a prophet of the Old Testament.

Before Payne loomed the Old Clubhouse, Seward's home, where Key had once been killed.

of their first engagement at Falling Waters after Old Jack's First Brigade had destroyed all the rolling stock of the B & O Railroad.

The readers of the Providence Daily Post, however, learned that it was generally conceded that `` Old Brown '' had a fair trial.

Old Sam's sixty-five years had reduced his value to $150 ; ;

Old man Arthur had put down the suitcase to open the front door.

At one time I became disturbed in the faith in which I had grown up by the apparent inroads being made upon both Old and New Testaments by a `` Higher Criticism '' of the Bible, to refute which I felt the need of a better knowledge of Hebrew and of archaeology, for it seemed to me that to pull out some of the props of our faith was to weaken the entire structure.

In fact, the neat balance of these pairs, and their subtle equilibrium, would have had special meaning in the minds of the Old Chinese.

The only thing unusual about the Old Man had long since happened.

Once the Old Man had had a wife.

The Old Man's very soul could have left him and flown down that street, but he wouldn't have had anyone know it.

Old Mr. Thom himself had stopped at the service station for a grease job, Wally confessed, and couldn't get one because there were cars on the pits waiting to be repaired.

At Old Trafford, Australia won by just 3 runs after Victor Trumper had scored 104 on a " bad wicket ", reaching his hundred before lunch on the first day.

He applied this knowledge as preacher, concentrating especially on exegesis of the Old Testament, and his rhetorical abilities impressed Augustine of Hippo, who hitherto had thought poorly of Christian preachers.

One of them, Múnón, married Priam's daughter, Tróán, and had by her a son, Trór, to be pronounced Thor in Old Norse.

Albert was chosen as his successor early in 1511 in the hope that his relationship to his maternal uncle, Sigismund I the Old, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland, would facilitate a settlement of the disputes over eastern Prussia, which had been held by the Order under Polish suzerainty since the Second Peace of Thorn ( 1466 ).

The word is derived from the Greek ( antiphōna ) via Old English, a word which originally had the same meaning as antiphon.

The English word " amputation " was first applied to surgery in the 17th century, possibly first in Peter Lowe's A discourse of the Whole Art of Chirurgerie ( published in either 1597 or 1612 ); his work was derived from 16th century French texts and early English writers also used the words " extirpation " ( 16th century French texts tended to use extirper ), " disarticulation ", and " dismemberment " ( from the Old French desmembrer and a more common term before the 17th century for limb loss or removal ), or simply " cutting ", but by the end of the 17th century " amputation " had come to dominate as the accepted medical term.

The name probably derives from the Old English bēd, or prayer ; if Bede was given the name at his birth, then his family had probably always planned for him to enter the clergy.

According to the writer Timothy Dufort, by 1969, all Church of England bishops had acquired Old Catholic lines of apostolic succession recognised by the Holy See.

As a national revival occurred towards the end of the period of Ottoman rule ( mostly during the 19th century ), a modern Bulgarian literary language gradually emerged which drew heavily on Church Slavonic / Old Bulgarian ( and to some extent on literary Russian, which had preserved many lexical items from Church Slavonic ) and later reduced the number of Turkish and other Balkanic loans.