Koo argues that it was massive fiscal stimulus ( borrowing and spending by the government ) that offset this decline and enabled Japan to maintain its level of GDP.

Chartalists, like other Keynesians accept the paradox of thrift, which argues that identifying behavior of individual households and the nation as a whole commits the fallacy of composition ; while the paradox of thrift ( and thus deficit spending for fiscal stimulus ) is widely accepted in economics, the Chartalist form is not.

the main argument in favor of the LAD is the Argument from the Poverty of the stimulus, which argues that unless children have significant innate knowledge of grammar they would be unable to learn language as quickly as they do, given that they never have access to negative evidence and rarely received direct instruction in their first language.

In the ideal state, for instance, he argues that the young citizens should hear only the most carefully selected tales and stories.

Combellack argues further, and here he makes his main point, that once The Iliad and The Odyssey are thought formulaic poems composed for an audience accustomed to formulaic poetry, Homeric critics are deprived of an entire domain they previously found arable.

Anthony Steel, as the husband, is a jealous type who argues against her course and sues for divorce, labeling her action adulterous.

Peter Leeson argues that " the case for anarchy derives its strength from empirical evidence, not theory.

He argues that Hayek makes peculiar assumptions about demand curves for labor in his explanation of how a decrease in investment spending creates unemployment.

Ajax argues that because of his strength and the fighting he has done for the Greeks, including saving the ships from Hector, and driving him off with a massive rock, he deserves the armor.

The Exodus Rabbah argues that when the Pharaoh instructed midwives to throw male children into the Nile, Amram divorced Jochebed, who was three months pregnant with Moses at the time, arguing that there was no justification for the Israelite men to father children if they were just to be killed ; however, the text goes on to state that Miriam, his daughter, chided him for his lack of care for his wife's feelings, persuading him to recant and marry Jochebed again.

He argues that there must be some universal principle that must account for the various sorts of connections that exist between ideas.

" Townsend, turning to the sources behind the pseudo-Clementine writings, argues that the middle of the 2nd century is the terminus ad quem for the final composition.

Major Steven E. Walburn argues in a 1998 article in The Air Force Law Review that this form of guilty plea should be adopted for usage by the United States military.

The term suggests that its followers support protectionism and / or nationalism, which is not always the case-in fact, some supporters of anti-globalization are strong opponents of both nationalism and protectionism: for example, the No Border network argues for unrestricted migration and the abolition of all national border controls.

Heschel argues for the view of Hebrew prophets as receivers of the " Divine Pathos ," of the wrath and sorrow of God over his nation that has forsaken him.

Ecologist Robert Michael Pyle argues that most cultures have human-like giants in their folk history: " We have this need for some larger-than-life creature.

Bede was familiar with pagan authors such as Virgil, but it was not considered appropriate to teach biblical grammar from such texts, and in De schematibus ... Bede argues for the superiority of Christian texts in understanding Christian literature.

In his speech, Elihu argues for God's power, redemptive salvation, and absolute rightness in all his conduct.

J. B. Curtis in his 1979 paper " On Job's Response to Yahweh ", argues that Job's final responses to Yahweh are a total rejection of Yahweh rather than an expression of repentance, and translates Job 42: 6 as " Therefore I feel loathing contempt and revulsion ( toward you, O God ); and I am sorry for frail man.

Most commentators see Lamentations as reflecting the period immediately following the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 BC, though Provan argues for an interpretation that is ahistorical.

The party is keen to maintain its independent identity however, and argues that the need for a modern Liberal force in British politics has never been greater.

Thackston argues that the name cannot be taken from babr and instead must be derived from a word that has evolved out of the Indo-European word for beaver, pointing to the fact that the name is pronounced bāh-bor in both Persian and Turkic, similar to the Russian word for beaver ( бобр – bobr ).

Frieser argues that the OKW had intended to avoid the decisive battle concepts of its predecessors and planned for a long all out war of attrition.

It argues that " Western powers " aided Nazi rearmament and aggression, including that American bankers and industrialists provided capital for the growth of German war industries, while deliberately encouraging Hitler to expand eastward.

Jon D. Levenson argues that omnipotence doctrine fails to " give due regard to "' the formidability and resilience of the forces counteracting creation " ( such as the primordial state of chaos existing before creation ) and " leads to a neglect of the role of humanity in forming and stating the world order.

In her work on abjection, she structures subjectivity upon the abjection of the mother and argues that the way in which an individual excludes ( or abjects ) their mother as means of forming an identity is similar to the way in which societies are constructed.

In it he argues that, at the time of its first appearance in print, a broader fad existed in the United States of " comical misspellings " and of forming and employing acronyms, themselves based on colloquial speech patterns.

Weber ( 2006 ) argues that the Copperheads damaged the Union war effort by fighting the draft, encouraging desertion, and forming conspiracies, but other historians say the draft was in disrepute and that the Republicans greatly exaggerated the conspiracies for partisan reasons.

Weber ( 2006 ) argues that the Copperheads damaged the Union war effort by fighting the draft, encouraging desertion, and forming conspiracies.

Benoist argues that heredity is dominant in forming an intellectual elite.

Hannigan argues that, ultimately, for sound and music to best support and enhance the games playing experience, the games industry should cease to rely on the film model in forming the soundtrack of games and attempt to bring sound and music closer together in function.

Part three argues that the unit for economic analysis should be the collectivity, not the individual, as, " collectivities are more consequential in forming the choices of individuals than the individuals themselves " ( p. 181 ).

Blessed Unrest, How the Largest Movement in the World Came into Being and Why No One Saw It Coming published by Viking Press ( New York ) in May 2007, argues that a vast world-changing “ movement with no name ” is now forming, which Hawken believes will prevail.

Morozov argues the Colding-Jorgensen experiment reveals a key component of slacktivism: “ When communication costs are low, groups can easily spring into action .” Clay Shirky also similarly characterized slacktivism as “ ridiculously easy group forming .”

Most of this work argues for a rapprochement of neurology and psychiatry, forming a specialty above and beyond a subspecialty of psychiatry.

Rather than being aristocratic kernels, he argues that the identity of tribal groups was maintained by a contingent of " notables " and freemen.

Bruce Berman argues that, " While Mau Mau was clearly not a tribal atavism seeking a return to the past, the answer to the question of " was it nationalism?

It argues instead for the use of " vulnerable population groups " which can include both tribal groups and the urban poor.

He argues that although Taker societies flourish in terms of material wealth — such as technological advancement and greater scientific progress — they fail utterly with regard to what he believes to be actual wealth: the sense of belonging and security that hold together the fabric of human tribal societies.

Proceeding from Parry's conclusions and adopting one of his schemata, Francis P. Magoun, Jr., argues that Beowulf likewise was created from a legacy of oral formulas inherited and extended by bards of successive generations, and the thesis is striking and compelling.

Foner argues that Lincoln was a moderate in the middle, opposing slavery primarily because it violated the republicanism principles of the Founding Fathers, especially the equality of all men and democratic self-government as expressed in the Declaration of Independence.

Burton ( 2008 ) argues that Lincoln's republicanism was taken up by the Freedmen as they were emancipated.

Swift however, Landa argues, is not merely criticizing economic maxims but also addressing the fact that England was denying Irish citizens their natural rights and dehumanizing them by viewing them as a mere commodity.

William of Malmesbury's account attacks Sybilla, but the evidence argues that Alexander and Sybilla were a devoted but childless couple and Sybilla was of noteworthy piety.

Fleuriot argues that Ambrosius led the Britons in the battle, in which he was defeated and forced to retreat to Burgundy.

Barnes argues that the original was actually thirty-six books, which would mean that eighteen books had been lost ).

bell hooks argues that black nationalism was largely a patriarchical and misogynist movement, seeking to overcome racial divisions by strengthening sexist ones, and that it readily latched onto the idea of the emasculating black matriarch proposed by Daniel Patrick Moynihan, whose theories bell hooks often criticizes.

Author Jerome Clark argues that the Jacko Affair, involving an 1884 newspaper report of an apelike creature captured in British Columbia, was a hoax.

Some classical rabbinical literature argues that this was the original form of the name and was a reference to the advanced age of Jacob when Benjamin was born.

The midrashic book of Jasher argues that prior to revealing his identity, Joseph asked Benjamin to find his missing brother ( i. e. Joseph ) via astrology, using an astrolabe-like tool ; it continues by stating that Benjamin divined that the man on the throne was Joseph, so Joseph identified himself to Benjamin ( but not the other brothers ), and revealed his scheme ( as in the Torah ) to test how fraternal the other brothers were.

Carter argues in The Battle of Actium: The Rise and Triumph of Augustus Caesar that Antony knew he was surrounded and had nowhere to run.

In 1927, valence bond theory was formulated and it argues that a chemical bond forms when two valence electrons, in their respective atomic orbitals, work or function to hold two nuclei together, by virtue of effects of lowering system energies.

Waldo Dunnington, a biographer of Gauss, argues in Gauss, Titan of Science that Gauss was in fact in full possession of non-Euclidean geometry long before it was published by János Bolyai, but that he refused to publish any of it because of his fear of controversy.

In his book The Early Islamic Conquests ( 1981 ), Fred Donner argues that the standard Arabian practice at the time was for the prominent men of a kinship group, or tribe, to gather after a leader's death and elect a leader from amongst themselves.

McGilvray argues that this was caste-like solicitude for endogamy, and was aimed to prevent low status intermarriages.

The traditional staples thesis, advocated by scholars such as S. A. Saunders, looks at the resource endowments of the Maritimes and argues that it was the decline of the traditional industries of shipbuilding and fishing that led to Maritime poverty, since these processes were rooted in geography, and thus all but inevitable.