The first year of Jahangir's reign saw a rebellion organized by his eldest son Khusraw with the assistance of the Sikh Guru Arjun Dev and others.

The situation developed into open crisis when Jahangir's son, Khurram, fearing to be excluded from the throne, rebelled in 1622.

" The trigger for Guru Arjun's execution was his support for Jahangir's rebel son Khusrau Mirza, yet it is clear from Jahangir's own memoirs that he disliked Guru Arjun before then: " many times it occurred to me to put a stop to this vain affair or bring him into the assembly of the people of Islam.

However, Jahangir's son and successor Shah Jahan perused the a goal of alliance with the Ottoman Empire.

* Khan-i-Khanan (, " Lord of Lords ") was a title given to the commander-in-chief of the army of the Mughals, an example being Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana of the great Mughal emperor, Akbar's ( and later his son Jahangir's ) army.

Her younger sister Parwar Khanum married Sheikh Farid the son of Nawab Qutubuddin, the governor of Badaun who was also emperor Jahangir's foster brother.

Emperor Jahangir's son was the Prince Khurram who later went on to become Emperor Shah Jahan and built one of the seven Wonders of the World, the famous Taj Mahal to memorialize his love for his wife.

Jahangir's relationship with other rulers of the time is one that was well documented by Sir Thomas Roe, especially his relationship with the Persian King, Shah Abbas.

One of his favourite wives was a Rajput Princess, known as Jagat Gosain and Princess Manmati, who gave birth to Prince Khurram, the future Shah Jahan, Jahangir's successor to the throne.

Nur Jahan struck coins in her own name during the last years of Jahangir's reign when he was taken ill.

The art of Mughal painting reached great heights under Jahangir's reign.

Amongst the most highly regarded Mughal architecture dating from Jahangir's reign is the famous Shalimar Gardens in Kashmir.

In the year 1594 Jahangir's was dispatched by his father the Mughal Emperor Akbar, alongside Abdul Hasan Asaf Khan and Abu ' l-Fazl ibn Mubarak to defeat the renegade Vir Singh Deo of Bandela and capture the city of Orchha, which was considered the center of the revolt.

In 1612, during Emperor Jahangir's reign, the defeat of Sylhet completed the Mughal conquest of Bengal with the exception of Chittagong.

Jahangir's dream: Mughal picture showing Jahangir ( right ) embracing Abbas

Jain monks gained the respect of the Mughal emperors Jahangir < Jahangir's Vow of Non-Violence, Ellison B. Findley, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol.

The rebellion of Khurram absorbed Jahangir's attention, so in the spring of 1623 he negotiated a diplomatic end to the conflict.

Much of India was politically pacified ; Jahangir's dealings with the Hindu rulers of Rajputana were particularly successful, and he settled the conflicts inherited from his father.

Jahangir's forces chased Khurram and his troops from Fatehpur Sikri to the Deccan, to Bengal and back to the Deccan, until Khurram surrendered unconditionally in 1626.

The rebellion and court intrigues that followed took a heavy toll on Jahangir's health.

Jahangir's rule was characterized by the same religious tolerance as his father Akbar, with the exception of his hostility with the Sikhs, which was forged so early on in his rule.

Though conquest was one of Jahangir's many goals, he was a naturalist and lover of the arts and did not have quite the same warrior ambition of the Persian king.

This led to a mutual enmity that, while diplomatically hidden, was very clear to observers within Jahangir's court.

He even wrote a letter to the Ottoman Sultan Murad IV, Jahangir's ambition however did not materialize due to his death in 1627.

Jahangir's elegant mausoleum is located in the Shahdara locale of Lahore and is a popular tourist attraction in Lahore.

Roe believed Jahangir's religion to be of his own making, " for he envies ProphetMahomett, and wisely sees no reason why he should not bee as great a prophet as he, and therefore professed himself so ... he hath found many disciples that flatter or follow him.

" At this time, one of those disciples happened to be the current English ambassador, though his initiation into Jahangir's inner circle of disciples was devoid of religious significance for Roe, as he did not understand the full extent of what he was doing: Jahangir hung " a picture of him self set in gold hanging at a wire gold chain ” round Roe's neck.

Despite Roe's somewhat casual use of the term ' atheist ', he could not quite put his finger on Jahangir's real beliefs.

Sri Ram Sharma argues though that contemporaries and some historians have been too disparaging about Jahangir's beliefs, simply because he did not persecute non-believers and enforce his views on others.

" Jahangir ordered his execution, but it is unlikely that he also ordered Guru Arjun to be tortured and converted, for two reasons ; one, because we have no other examples from Jahangir's generally tolerant reign to support the idea that he forced people to convert to Islam, and two, because Jahangir makes no note of Guru Arjun's torture, yet cheerfully describes the torture of two other rebels, as well as Guru Arjun's execution.

Thrown by the religious tolerance of Akbar and Jahangir's rule, the Jesuits had long thought that they were always on the verge of conversion.

With peace and security established in his dominions, he convoked an assembly of the states and declared his son Malik Shah I his heir and successor.

Domestic affairs were handled by his able vizier, Nizam al-Mulk, the founder of the administrative organization which characterized and strengthened the sultanate during the reigns of Alp Arslan and his son, Malik Shah.

He was succeeded by his eldest son Hasan Ali Shah, also known as Muhammad Hasan, who became the 46th Imam.

Hasan Ali Shah was succeeded as Imam by his eldest son Aqa Ali Shah, who became Aga Khan II.

He was a younger son of Fath Ali Shah, but on account of his mother's royal birth was destined by his father to succeed him.

In 1834 his eldest son, Mohammed Mirza, succeeded Fath Ali Shah as the next king.

After the death of Ahmad Shah in about 1772, his son Timur Shah became the next ruler of the Durrani dynasty who decided to make Kabul the new capital of the empire, and used Peshawar as the winter capital.

By 1722, his son Mahmud captured what is now Iran and declared himself as Shah of Persia.

Leaving his second son Timur Shah to safeguard his interests, Ahmad Shah left India to return to Afghanistan.

Ahmad Shah was succeeded by his son, Timur Shah, who had been deputed to administer his fathers conquests in northern India, but had been driven out by the Marathas.

Timur died in 1793, and was then succeeded by his fifth son Zaman Shah

Painda Khan's son fled to Iran and pledged the substantial support of his Barakzai followers to a rival claimant to the throne, Zaman's older brother, Mahmud Shah.

Ali Shah was another son of Timur Shah.

Ayub Shah was another son of Timur Shah, who deposed Sultan Ali Shah.

: In 1634, the eldest son of the raja of Jodhpur ran amok at the court of Shah Jahan, failing in his attack on the emperor, but killing five of his officials.

* ( m. 1381 )-Devlet Shah Hâtûn-Daughter of Yakub Shah of Germiyanids, Descendant of Rumi through his son Sultan Walad's daughter Mutahhara Hatun who was an ancestor of Yakub Shah ;