Afrikaner directly translated means " African " and subsequently refers to all Afrikaans speaking people in Africa who have their origins in the Cape Colony founded by Jan Van Riebeeck.

The description " Polish " refers to the nationality of logician Jan Łukasiewicz, who invented ( prefix ) Polish notation in the 1920s.

Michael Quinion and Patrick Hanks argue that the term refers to the Dutch nickname and surname Janneke ( from Jan and the diminutive-eke, meaning " Little John " or Johnny in Dutch ), Anglicized to Yankee ( in Dutch, the letter " J " is pronounced the same as the English consonantal " Y " sound ) and " used as a nickname for a Dutch-speaking American in colonial times ".

Jan and Dean's 1960s hit song " Dead Man's Curve " refers to a section of the road near Bel Air estates just north of UCLA's Drake Stadium where Jan Berry almost died in an automobile accident in 1966.

Wilbur Smith refers to and portrays Jan Smuts in several of his South Africa based novels including When the Lion Feeds, The Sound of Thunder, A Sparrow Falls, Power of the Sword and Rage.

The nomination to the register, by Jan Cunningham, refers to " the elegant refinement of the interior ", repeated elliptical forms in " the sunbursts of the mantelpieces ; in the recessed panels below the parlor windows ; in the capitals of the arches ; and, in a wholly unexpected manner, in the high relief of the egg form that embellishes the simple mantel frieze in a second-floor chamber.

Some of his works include " Jedburgh Abbey "; " Pontaine Marshes " ( 1847 ); " Backwoods of America " ( 1857 ); " Richmond Hill " ( 1862 ); " Indian Summer " ( 1866 ); " Greenwood Lake " ( 1870 ); " Lake Nemi in Italy " ( 1879 ); " Old Church at Arreton, Isle of Wight " ( 1880 ); " Ramapo Valley " ( 1881 ); " Autumn on the Hudson " ( 1882 ; however, the New York Daily Tribune refers to a painting by Cropsey called " Autumn on the Hudson " in its morning edition of Jan. 7, 1861 ): " Wawayanda Valley " ( 1883 ); " Spring-time in England " ( 1884 ); " October in Ramapo Valley " ( 1885 ); " Autumn on Lake George ," and " A Showery Day " ( 1886 ).

Although the " virginalist school " usually refers to English composers, it would not be incorrect to use the word in connection with some continental keyboard composers of the period, such as Girolamo Frescobaldi and Giovanni Picchi, or Samuel Scheidt and Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck.

A Minor Apocalypse is a post-Orwellian parody that refers to specific historical events, such as self-immolation protests against the communist regime by Ryszard Swiec in Poland and Jan Palach in Czechoslovakia.

' Polish writer and journalist, Dr Tomasz Sommer, also refers to the operation as a genocide, along with Prof. Marek Jan Chodakiewicz among others.

The Afrikaans medium primary school Jan Meyer was named for the original owner of the farm, and the affluent suburb Meyersdal also refers to the family whose original farmhouse mansion still stands on the land behind the Meyersdal koppie.

* I Took Up the Prunes refers to Norwegian saxophonist Jan Garbarek's recording I Took Up the Runes, which is heavily influenced by traditional Norwegian folk music.

But he handled everyone else: Miguel Najdorf (+ 3 = 5-3 ); Savielly Tartakower (+ 2 = 4-1 ); Salo Flohr (+ 2 = 7-0 ); Grigory Levenfish (+ 1 = 0-0 ); George Alan Thomas (+ 2 = 3-0 ); Erich Eliskases (+ 1 = 2-0 ); Viacheslav Ragozin (+ 1 = 1-0 ); Vladimirs Petrovs (+ 2 = 1-1 ); Efim Bogolyubov (+ 1 = 1-0 ); Jan Foltys (+ 2 = 0-0 ); Salo Landau (+ 4-0 = 1 ); George Koltanowski (+ 2 = 1-0 ); Igor Bondarevsky (+ 1 = 0-0 ); Géza Maróczy (+ 1 = 0-0 ); William Winter (+ 4 = 0-0 ); Ernst Gruenfeld (+ 1 = 0-0 ); Gideon Stahlberg (+ 4 = 5-2 ); Andor Lilienthal (+ 1 = 0-0 ); László Szabó (+ 0 = 1-0 ); Vladas Mikėnas (+ 1 = 1-0 ); Rudolph Spielmann (+ 0 = 1-0 ); and Conel Hugh O ' Donel Alexander (+ 1 = 3-0 ).

Due to mutual agreements with foreign clubs, the youth academy has also signed foreign players as teenagers before making first team debuts, such as Belgian defensive trio Jan Vertonghen, Toby Alderweireld and Thomas Vermaelen ( now with Arsenal ) and winger Tom de Mul ( now with Sevilla ), all of whom are full internationals as well as Dutch youth international Javier Martina and Vurnon Anita of the Netherlands Antilles.

The most common compound of chlorine, sodium chloride, has been known since ancient times ; however, around 1630, chlorine gas was obtained by the Belgian chemist and physician Jan Baptist van Helmont.

Jan Mayen Island has one exploitable natural resource, gravel, from the site at Trongskaret.

Jan Mayen has one unpaved airstrip, Jan Mayensfield, which is about long, and the of coast has no ports or harbours, only offshore anchorages.

Since 1995, Jan Mayen has been administered by the County Governor ( fylkesmann ) of the northern Norwegian county of Nordland to which it is closest.

However, some authority over Jan Mayen has been assigned to the station commander of the Norwegian Defence Logistics Organisation, a branch of the Norwegian Armed Forces.

Jan Mayen has a hyperoceanic polar climate, similar to Greenland and Svalbard, with a Köppen classification of ET.

Jan Karon is an American writer and novelist, who has written for both children and adults.

The interview has been declared fraudulent by Brahms biographer Jan Swafford.

Singer-songwriter Sting has also played lute and archlute, in and out of his collaborations with Edin Karamazov, and Jan Akkerman released two albums of lute music in the 1970s while he was a guitarist in the Dutch rock band Focus.

Jan Kotlarz of MSP has created RODM software for the modeling of the Martian surface based on high resolution photographs from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

In film there has been an adaptation of The Unbearable Lightness of Being, and also the movie Pelíšky from director Jan Hřebejk and screenwriter Petr Jarchovský, which depicts the events of the Prague Spring and ends with the invasion by the Soviet Union and their allies.

It has been suggested that the concept of state capitalism can be traced back to Mikhail Bakunin's critique during the First International of the potential for state exploitation under Marxism, or to Jan Waclav Machajski's argument in The Intellectual Worker ( 1905 ) that socialism was a movement of the intelligentsia as a class, resulting in a new type of society he termed state capitalism.

Ulam's colleague at Colorado, Jan Mycielski, has given his perspective on Ulam's contributions to mathematics.

For example, it has been used to describe the death of Jan Masaryk, who was found below the bathroom window of the building of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 10 March 1948.

Bergkamp has been described by Jan Mulder as having " the finest technique " of any Dutch international and a " dream for a striker " by teammate Thierry Henry.

Jan van Eyck has often been linked as brother to painter and peer Hubert van Eyck, because both have been thought to originate from the same town in Belgium.

The division of surviving works between Hubert, early Jan van Eyck, and other painters has been the subject of great debate among art historians, involving the Ghent Altarpiece, the Turin-Milan Hours and other pieces.

In a recent article on Science Daily ( Jan. 21 2009 ) a team of scientists led by a cosmologist from the U. S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has made major progress in extending the use of gravitational lensing to the study of much older and smaller structures than was previously possible by stating that weak gravitational lensing improves measurements of distant galaxies .< ref >

This hypothesis has been accepted by more recent scholars such as Jan Assmann and George Hart.

Many American cinematographers have gone on to become directors themselves: Barry Sonnenfeld, originally the Coen brothers ' DP, has gone on to have success as a director ; Jan de Bont, cinematographer on films as Die Hard and Basic Instinct went on to direct Speed and Twister.

* 1652 – At the Cape of Good Hope, Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp that eventually becomes Cape Town.

* January 12 – Dutch journalist and writer Jan Campert dies in the Neuengamme concentration camp.

* April 6 – Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp for the Dutch East India Company at the Cape of Good Hope, and founds Cape Town.

Dutch colonial administrator Jan van Riebeeck established a resupply camp for the Dutch East India Company some 50 km north of the cape in Table Bay on 6 April 1652 and this eventually developed into Cape Town.

Robert Jan van Pelt, who appears in Mr. Death to specify some of Leuchter's scholarly failures ( e. g. not consulting the large documentation archive available at Auschwitz ), served as the primary expert witness against Irving at the libel trial of Deborah Lipstadt in 2000, relating to the court the strength of the physical and documentary evidence supporting the use of that camp for gassing.

On his way back he attacks an outlaw camp and finds Zagłoba amongst them ; he tells Jan Helena is safe in the castle in Bar.

More than 13, 000 people were arrested, including the girlfriend of Jan Kubiš, Anna Malinová, who died at Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp.

Jewish-born writer Josef Cohen escaped prosecution by converting to Christianity ; aspiring writer Anne Frank ( whose diary was published posthumously ) died in a German concentration camp, as did crime fiction writer, journalist and poet Jan Campert, who was arrested for aiding Jews and died in 1943 in Neuengamme.

When he saw the condition of Lalak Jan he told him to go back to the base camp on account of his severe injuries, his arm being shot and completely limp, and in no condition to be used.

Among the notable professors who died in the camp were Ignacy Chrzanowski ( UJ ; Jan 19, 1940 ), Stanisław Estreicher ( UJ ; Dec 29, 1939 ), Kazimierz Kostanecki ( UJ ; Jan 11, 1940 ), Antoni Meyer ( AGH ; Dec 24, 1939 ), and Michał Siedlecki ( UJ ; Jan 11, 1940, after roll-call ).

Jan and his brother Karel were held in a children's concentration camp for Mischlinge located near the present Polish-Czech border.

She and her husband, Jan, took Otto Frank into their home, where he lived from 1945 ( after his liberation from Auschwitz concentration camp ) until 1952.

Marching with Jan Odrzywolski, but without his own hussar banner, Sobieski and his retinue came to the field hetman Kalinowski's camp at Batoh on May 31.

More than 13, 000 people were ultimately arrested and tortured, including the girlfriend of Jan Kubiš, Anna Malinová, who died at Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp.