Since Hume had already made many of the same " moral attacks upon Christianity " that Paine popularized in The Age of Reason, scholars have concluded that Paine probably read Hume's works on religion or had at least heard about them through the Joseph Johnson circle.

The rhythm was popularized in mainstream dance music in the United States by a 1923 tune called " The Charleston " by composer / pianist James P. Johnson which originated in the Broadway show Runnin ' Wild and became one of the most popular hits of the decade.

The band's third bass player, Jaco Pastorius, popularized the use of melodic soloing fretless bass guitar and string harmonics, as well as consolidating the driving R & B pulse in the band's music which had been brought in by his predecessor Alphonso Johnson.

Howard Johnson popularized Soffron Brothers Clam Company's fried clam strips: the " foot " of hard-shelled sea clams.

First popularized by Johnson Boat Works in Minnesota, these boats were distinguished by their larger sail plans, retractable bilgeboards, and ( in some classes ) twin rudders.

In his first term in the state house, Johnson did not ally with either the Democrats or the Whigs consistently, though he revered Jackson, the Democratic President.

In 1839, Johnson entered the race for re-election to his House seat, initially as a Whig ; when another Whig entry arose, to enhance his position in the campaign, he ran as a Democrat and was elected to his second, non-consecutive term in the Tennessee House.

Johnson won a second Congressional term in 1845 against his perennial opponent, Wiliam G. Brownlow ; in this second campaign, Johnson particularly took up the mantle as defender of the poor against the aristocracy.

In this term, he introduced for the first time his Homestead Bill, which sought to provide 160 acres for every poor family head " without money and without price "; Johnson did not rest until passage some years later.

During this term Johnson also made a concerted effort to increase his sphere of interactions ; his higher profile was exemplified by a biographical sketch published in the New York Times in May 1849, describing him as an excellent committee worker and investigator.

In the campaign for election to his fourth term in 1849, Johnson concentrated on three issues: slavery, homesteads and judicial elections.

Also in this term Johnson renewed in vain his efforts to bring the Homestead Bill to a vote.

Johnson decided not to seek a third term as Governor, with an eye towards election to the United States Senate.

In the 1996 presidential election, Clinton was re-elected, receiving 49. 2 % of the popular vote over Republican Bob Dole ( 40. 7 % of the popular vote ) and Reform candidate Ross Perot ( 8. 4 % of the popular vote ), becoming the first Democratic incumbent since Lyndon Johnson to be elected to a second term and the first Democrat since Franklin Roosevelt to be elected President more than once.

The term " cognitive " in " cognitive science " is " used for any kind of mental operation or structure that can be studied in precise terms " ( Lakoff and Johnson, 1999 ).

However, unlike Johnson, Hodge confined the term to exclude those like Asa Gray who combined Christian faith with support for Darwin's natural selection theory, before answering the question posed in the book's title by concluding: " It is Atheism.

In New Mexico, Republican Gary Johnson made school voucher provision the major issue of his second term as Governor.

Johnson was elected by the ITU Membership to the directorship for a 4-year term in November 2006 and was reelected for a second term starting January 2011.

He was the first president to serve in Congress after his term of office, and one of only two former presidents to do so ( Andrew Johnson later served in the Senate ).

" This line was not, as widely believed, about patriotism in general, but the false use of the term " patriotism " by John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute ( the patriot-minister ) and his supporters ; Johnson opposed " self-professed Patriots " in general, but valued what he considered " true " patriotism.

The first known use of the term " refactoring " in the published literature was in a September, 1990 article by William F. Opdyke and Ralph E. Johnson.

Burnel's long term friend, Wilko Johnson, was invited to bring The Wilko Johnson band on the tour.

* August 24 – 27 – The Democratic National Convention in Atlantic City nominates incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson for a full term, and U. S. Senator Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota as his running mate.

* March 4 – U. S. President Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated for a second term ; Andrew Johnson becomes Vice President.

* January 20 – Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in for his own full term as U. S. President.

On March 31, 1968, a week before the Wisconsin primary, where the polls predicted a loss to McCarthy, President Lyndon B. Johnson stunned the nation by withdrawing from his race for a second full term.

Johnson succeeded to the presidency following the assassination of John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963, completed Kennedy's term and was elected President in his own right, winning by a large margin in the 1964 election.

Phillip E. Johnson, retired UC Berkeley law professor, leading proponent of intelligent design, founding advisor of the Discovery Institute's Center for Science and Culture, and " father " of the intelligent design movement, assisted Santorum in phrasing the amendment.

In addition, opponents of the amendment cite the stated agenda of the Discovery Institute's Phillip Johnson use of the " Wedge strategy " to " affirm the reality of God by challenging the domination of materialism and naturalism in the world of the mind " and thereby return Christian creationism in the guise of intelligent design to public school classrooms.

* Phillip E. Johnson ( born 1940 ), professor of law and one of the founders of the intelligent design movement

A critic of what he calls " Darwinism " and " scientific materialism ", Johnson rejects evolution in favor of neocreationist views known as intelligent design.

In 2004 he was awarded the inaugural " Phillip E. Johnson Award for Liberty and Truth " by Biola University, a private evangelical Christian college noted for its promotion of intelligent design.

Johnson is best known as one of the founders of the intelligent design movement, principal architect of the Wedge Strategy, author of the Santorum Amendment, and one of the ID movement's most prolific authors.

Johnson has advocated strongly in the public and political spheres for the teaching of intelligent design as preferable to the teaching of evolution, which Johnson characterizes as " atheistic " and " falsified by all of the evidence " and whose " logic is terrible ".

Nancy Pearcey, a Center for Science and Culture fellow and Johnson associate, credits Johnson's leadership of the intelligent design movement in two of her most recent publications.

Phillip Johnson has developed what is called the ' Intelligent Design ' movement ..." In Christianity Today, she reveals Johnson's religious beliefs and his criticism of evolution and affirms Johnson as " The unofficial spokesman for ID " The scientific community views intelligent design as unscientific, pseudoscience and junk science .< ref >< cite >" Biologists aren ’ t alarmed by intelligent design ’ s arrival in Dover and elsewhere because they have all sworn allegiance to atheistic materialism ; they ’ re alarmed because intelligent design is junk science.

Johnson acknowledges that the goal of the intelligent design movement is to promote a theistic agenda as a scientific concept.

Johnson has been explicit about the Christian principles underlying his philosophy and agenda and that of the intelligent design movement.

Johnson is one of the authors of the Discovery Institute's Wedge Document and its Teach the Controversy campaign, which attempts to cast doubt on the validity of the theory of evolution, its acceptance within the scientific community, and reduce its role in public school science curricula while promoting intelligent design.

In his 1997 book Defeating Darwinism by Opening Minds Johnson summed up the underlying philosophy of his advocacy for intelligent design and against methodological and philosophical naturalism:

Johnson has been accused of being intellectually dishonest in his arguments advancing intelligent design and attacking the scientific community.

Since Johnson is considered by those both inside and outside the movement to be the father and architect of the intelligent design movement and its strategies, Johnson's statements are often used to validate the criticisms leveled by those who allege that the Discovery Institute and its allied organizations are merely stripping the obvious religious content from their anti-evolution assertions as a means of avoiding the legal restrictions of the Establishment Clause, a view reinforced by the December 2005 ruling in the Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District trial which found that intelligent design is not science and is essentially religious in nature.

There is broad scientific consensus that HIV is the cause of AIDS, but some individuals reject this consensus, including biologist Peter Duesberg, biochemist David Rasnick, journalist / activist Celia Farber, conservative writer Tom Bethell, and intelligent design advocate Phillip E. Johnson.