Justices Hugo Black and Wiley Blount Rutledge took no part in the discussion or decision.

Justices Hugo Black and William O. Douglas wrote separate dissenting opinions.

Justices Jackson and Hugo Black had profound professional and personal disagreements dating back to October 1941, the first term in which they served together on the Supreme Court.

Two Justices, Hugo Black and Potter Stewart, filed dissents.

He wrote Truman several letters criticizing Justices Robert H. Jackson and Hugo Black, referring to Black as a demagogue.

Furthermore, he generally shied away from the absolutist positions of Justices Hugo Black and William O. Douglas, being very amenable to compromise.

Justices Hugo Black and William O. Douglas, First Amendment " literalists ," dissented in Roth, arguing vigorously that the First Amendment protected obscene material.

He did not, however, go as far as Justices Hugo Black and William O. Douglas, who suggested that all libel laws were unconstitutional.

In an opinion by Justice Stanley Forman Reed, which three other justices ( Chief Justice Vinson and Associate Justices Hugo Black, Robert H. Jackson ) joined, and with which Justice Felix Frankfurter concurred, the Court held that re-executing Francis did not constitute double jeopardy or cruel and unusual punishment.

It was not until Roosevelt began appointing new Justices, starting with Hugo Black in August 1937, that a majority was formed which completely rejected Lochnerian reasoning.

The opinion of the Court was delivered by Justice William Brennan, while dissenting opinions were filed by Justices Hugo Black and Potter Stewart and Chief Justice Warren Burger.

The Opinion of the Supreme Court was delivered by Felix Frankfurter with Justices Hugo Black and Rutledge taking no part in the discussion or decision.

Prominent members of the Court during the Warren era besides the Chief Justice included Justices William J. Brennan, Jr., William O. Douglas, Hugo Black, Felix Frankfurter, and John Marshall Harlan II.

" Fighting Justices: Hugo L. Black and William O. Douglas and Supreme Court Conflict ," American Journal of Legal History, Jan 1994, Vol.

Justices Douglas, Black, Burton, and Minton were predisposed to overturn Plessy.

Before the Court could hear the oral arguments, Justices Black and Harlan retired.

Though no official vote was taken, Justice Black and Chief Justice Burger wanted to reverse McMillan ’ s order, while Justices Douglas, Harlan, Brennan and Marshall wanted a strong affirmation of the order ; Justices White, Stewart and Blackmun did not express a strong feeling either way.

Justices Black and Douglas concurred separately.

Brennan also talked down Justices Black and Douglas from their usual absolutist positions to achieve a compromise.

Here again, Frankfurter opposed the views of Justices Warren, Black, Douglas, and Brennan ( though Frankfurter lost 4 – 3 ).

Justice Frankfurter was in his time the leader of the conservative faction of the Supreme Court ; he would for many years feud with liberals like Justices Black and Douglas.

Frankfurter saw justices with ideas different from his own as part of a more liberal " Axis " – these opponents were chiefly Justices Black and Douglas, but would also include Murphy and Rutledge ; the group would for years oppose Frankfurter's judicially restrained ideology.

According to Frankfurter, Murphy was part of the more liberal " Axis " of justices on the Court, along with Justices Rutledge, Douglas, and Black ; the group would for years oppose Frankfurter's judicially-restrained ideology.

Laws that " shock the conscience " of the Court were generally deemed unconstitutional in Rochin v. California, though concurring Justices Black and Douglas argued that pumping a defendant's stomach for evidence should have been deemed unconstitutional on the narrower ground that it violates the Fifth Amendment's ban on self-incrimination.

In concurring opinions, Justices Douglas joined by Justices Black and Murphy, and Justice Jackson held that the law violated the Privileges or Immunities clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Currently, there are three retired Associate Justices: Sandra Day O ' Connor, who assumed senior status on January 31, 2006, David H. Souter, who assumed senior status on June 29, 2009, and John Paul Stevens, who assumed senior status on June 29, 2010.

Because Justice John Paul Stevens had recused himself, only eight Justices heard the case, and it ended in a 4 – 4 tie.

Sir John Popham was Lord Chief Justice, Sir Thomas Fleming was Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and two Justices, Sir Thomas Walmsley and Sir Peter Warburton, sat as Justices of the Common Pleas.

Locke's father, also called John, was a country lawyer and clerk to the Justices of the Peace in Chew Magna, who had served as a captain of cavalry for the Parliamentarian forces during the early part of the English Civil War.

Use of the previous title when referring to Chief Justices John Jay through Roger B. Taney is technically correct, as that was the legal title during their time on the Court, but the newer title is frequently used retroactively for all Chief Justices.

Most Chief Justices, including John Roberts, have been nominated to the highest position on the Court without any previous experience on the Supreme Court ; indeed some, such as Earl Warren, received confirmation despite having no prior judicial experience.

Justices John Paul Stevens and Sandra Day O ' Connor wrote the majority opinion ; they were joined by David Souter, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and Stephen Breyer, and opposed by Chief Justice William Rehnquist, Anthony Kennedy, Clarence Thomas, and Antonin Scalia.

The Court has had three Chief Justices to date, Elizabeth Evatt AC, Alastair Nicholson and Diana Bryant QC ( Formerly Chief Federal Magistrate, appointed to current role in 2004 The Deputy Chief Justice is John Faulks ( appointed as a Judge in 1994 and to his current position in 2004 ).

The town's Justices of the Peace in 1831 were Parker Merrill, George W. Pillsbury, Benning Leavitt, John Palmer and A.

The presiding Justices for the Town are the Honorable John Kohler and the Honorable Walter Klyczek.

When Sir John Croke, suspected in engaging in a conspiracy, sent him some sugar loaves to excuse his absence from a case, Hale remarked that " I cannot think that Sir John believes that the King's Justices come into the country to take bribes.

Similarly, John Campbell in his Lives of the Chief Justices of England, wrote that Hale was " one of the most pure, the most pious, the most independent, and the most learned " of judges.

In a 4 to 1 decision, the Court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, with Chief Justice John Jay and Associate Justices John Blair, James Wilson, and William Cushing constituting the majority ; only Justice Iredell dissented.

John Campbell, in his The Lives of the Chief Justices of England, said that " His reasoning ... is narrow minded ; had utter contempt for method and style in his compositions ", and says that Coke's Reports were " tinctured with quaintness and pedantry ".

Some 149 sitting United States federal judges are Harvard Law School graduates ; six of the nine sitting justices of the Supreme Court of the United States attended the law school ( Chief Justice John G. Roberts and Associate Justices Anthony Kennedy, Stephen Breyer, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Antonin Scalia and Elena Kagan ).

Six of the current nine members of the court attended HLS: Chief Justice John Roberts, and Associate Justices Antonin Scalia, Anthony Kennedy, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Stephen Breyer and Elena Kagan, who also served as the Dean of Harvard Law School from 2003 to 2009.

Justices John Marshall Harlan, Howell Edmunds Jackson, Edward Douglass White, and Henry Billings Brown dissented from the majority opinion.

William Rehnquist, Byron White, Harry Blackmun, John Paul Stevens, Antonin Scalia, and Clarence Thomas — the six Justices who did not join the plurality opinion — wrote or joined opinions in which they partially concurred and partially dissented from the decision.

Among them are Owen Roberts ( US Supreme Court Justice ), James Harry Covington ( Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia ), Daniel John Layton ( Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court ), Robert Nelson Cornelius Nix, Jr., Horace Stern and George Sharswood ( Chief Justices of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court ), and Deborah Tobias Poritz ( Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court ).

* Frank, John P., The Justices of the United States Supreme Court: Their Lives and Major Opinions ( Leon Friedman and Fred L. Israel, editors ).

Justice John Paul Stevens wrote the majority opinion and was joined by Justices William J. Brennan, Jr., Thurgood Marshall, Harry Blackmun, and Lewis Powell.